Families of Elements - Mrs. Temple's Science Classes

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Name ____________________________________ Date_______________________

IAPS Chemistry of Materials: Activity 15 Absent Work

Families of Elements Key Words: Atom, Atomic Mass, Element, Family (of elements), Metal, Periodic Table of Elements Getting Started: 1. Read the introduction and Challenge to Activity 15, “Families of Elements,” in your Student. Procedure: 1. Look at the Element Cards attached to this packet. The picture below shows the information that is found on each card. The bulleted list explains each piece of information further.

• Element • Element name • Whether the element is a metal or non-‐metal • Whether the element is solid, liquid, or gas at room temperature • Color • Atomic mass: the mass of the smallest particle (an atom) of the element • Reactivity: how likely the element is to react chemically with other elements • Number of bonds to hydrogen: the number of hydrogen atoms that usually combine chemically

with this element when they react 2. Examine the information on each card carefully, noting similarities and differences among the elements.

3. Sort the elements into at least three groups. Each group should have at least two similar properties. 4. List the groups you made and the common features of each. Be sure to record all the elements in each group.

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5. Look at the four Element Family Cards attached to this packet. Each card describes a group of elements called a family. Based on the information on the Family Cards, place each element under a card.

6. Arrange the elements in each family in order from lowest atomic mass at the top to highest atomic mass at the bottom.

7. Line up the four columns of elements to form a table, so that the elements are in columns and rows. Use the atomic masses of the elements to decide on an order for the holders (elements that should be in your table, but you do not have a card for).

8. Record your new classification system, complete with:

• Family names • Similar properties within each family • Elements in each family in order of increasing atomic mass



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Family Names

Similar Properties within each Family

Elements in Order



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Analysis Questions: 1. Which of the properties listed on the Element Cards are: a. physical properties? b. chemical properties? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. How did your first classification system compare to the second classification system with the Element Family Cards?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. In what ways could grouping elements help scientists understand their properties?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Use the table of elements you constructed to find the family or families of elements that are: a. not usually reactive. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ b. highly reactive. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ c. all metals. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ d. all solids.



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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

e. all gases.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. The element strontium (Sr) is below calcium (Ca) in Column 2 on the periodic table. Design anElement Card that shows the properties you predict for strontium.



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Element Cards



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Element Cards



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Element Family Cards



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Element Family Cards


Documents

Families of Elements - Mrs. Temple's Science Classes