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BIO 406D - Native Plants Spring 2005 Packet #9 – Wild Basin Nature Preserve – April 5 and 6, 2005 Page 1 of 8
Summary of Plants learned in this lab: Family___________________Genus _______Species
APOCYNACEAE Amsonia ciliata
ASTERACEAE Melampodium leucanthum
CYPERACEAE Carex planostachys
FABACEAE Acacia farnesiana
FABACEAE Dalea greggii
HIPPOCASTANACEAE Aesculus pavia (var. flavescens)
IRIDACEAE Sisyrinchium chilense
MENISPERMACEAE Cocculus carolinus
PLATANACEAE Platanus occidentalis
PTERIDACEAE Adiantum capillus-veneris
THELYPTERIDACEAE Thelypteris kunthii
VERBENACEAE Lantana camara *
VITACEAE Parthenocissus quinquefolia
VITACEAE Vitis cinerea (var. helleri)
BIO 406D - Native Plants Spring 2005 Packet #9 – Wild Basin Nature Preserve – April 5 and 6, 2005 Page 2 of 8
FABACEAE (Legume family) Acacia farnesiana Huisache, Sweet Acacia
Akis=a sharp point, referring to the sharp prickles
Mimosoid flowers – mostly an aggregation of stamens
This genus always has bipinnately compound leaves, often with glands on petioles
Smell the flowers – but beware of the prickles! *Huisache honey is made from this plant
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FABACEAE (Legume family) Dalea greggii Gregg’s Prairie Clover
Note the pubescence of the inflorescence spike and of the leaves
Leaf complexity?
BIO 406D - Native Plants Spring 2005 Packet #9 – Wild Basin Nature Preserve – April 5 and 6, 2005 Page 3 of 8
MENISPERMACEAE (Moonseed family) Cocculus carolinus Carolina Snailseed
Men=moon sperm=seed coccus=berry
Leaf blades extremely variable in shape, sometimes resembling elephant heads! Family name and species common name both derive from distinctive seed shape
What plant habit? Leaf texture? How can you tell this from Smilax?
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VERBENACEAE (Vervain family) Lantana camara West Indian Lantana
How does this species differ from Lantana montevidensis? What flower color(s)?
BIO 406D - Native Plants Spring 2005 Packet #9 – Wild Basin Nature Preserve – April 5 and 6, 2005 Page 4 of 8
IRIDACEAE (Iris family) Sisyrinchium chilense Blue-eyed Grass
Iris=Greek goddess of rainbows sys=with rhynchus=beak or snout (significance unknown) chilense= from Chile
Common name is doubly-incorrect!! (Yellow-eyed Iris would be much better)
Notice the mucronate apex of the each tepal monocot or dicot?
Equitant leaf structure is unique to the Iris family (equitant meaning that the leaves fold around the stem as the legs of a rider would fold around a horse)
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ASTERACEAE (Sunflower family) Melampodium leucanthum Black-foot Daisy
Melas=black podos=foot leuco=white anthum=flower
“blackfoot” is referring to a small, foot-shaped bract at the base of the white ray flowers which turns black upon maturity
herbaceous or weakly shrubby perennial that grows in low mats
opposite leaves!
BIO 406D - Native Plants Spring 2005 Packet #9 – Wild Basin Nature Preserve – April 5 and 6, 2005 Page 5 of 8
VITACEAE (Grape family) Vitis cinerea (var. helleri) Winter Grape, Spanish Grape
Cinerea=ashy-gray
Unlike Vitis mustangensis, this grape species has little to no pubescence on leaf undersides
Look for branched tendrils on this plant (where do tendrils always arise on Vitaceae members?)
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APOCYNACEAE (Oleander/Dogbane Family) Amsonia ciliata Texas Slimpod, Texas Bluestar
Apo=far from cyon=dog; for ancient use as a dog poison ciliate=fringed
This family also includes oleander and frangipani (Plumeria sp.) tubular corolla throat
Closely related to the milkweed family (Asclepiadaceae), the Apocynaceae also usually has milky sap
BIO 406D - Native Plants Spring 2005 Packet #9 – Wild Basin Nature Preserve – April 5 and 6, 2005 Page 6 of 8
CYPERACEAE (Sedge family) Carex planostachys Cedar Sedge
Plano=flat stachys=spike
In comparison with Carex microdonta, this species has a much shorter stature, the leaves are thinner, and the inflorescence is not held as high above the vegetative part
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VITACEAE (Grape family) Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia Creeper
Parthenos=virgin cissus=old name for ivy quinquefolia=five-leaved
What leaf complexity? On some Virginia creepers, you can see the branched tendrils with adhesive disks attaching to their substrate as they climb
BIO 406D - Native Plants Spring 2005 Packet #9 – Wild Basin Nature Preserve – April 5 and 6, 2005 Page 7 of 8
HIPPOCASTANACEAE (Horse Chestnut/Buckeye family) Aesculus pavia (var. flavescens) Texas Yellow Buckeye
Hippos=horse kastana=chestnut flavescens=yellowish
What leaf complexity? Flowers in showy panicles
*Woody opposite!* the yellow-flowering variety is endemic to the Edwards Plateau. There is also a red-flowering variety (var. pavia) which has a larger range
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PLATANACEAE (Sycamore family) Platanus occidentalis Sycamore, Planetree
Platys=broad, referring to the leaves occident=western
Leaves often with 3 main veins Conspicuously peeling bark, often yielding interesting patterns
Fruits in a ball structure – many fruits together are called infructescences
BIO 406D - Native Plants Spring 2005 Packet #9 – Wild Basin Nature Preserve – April 5 and 6, 2005 Page 8 of 8
PTERIDACEAE (Maidenhair Fern family) Adiantum capillus-veneris Southern Maidenhair Fern
Pteris=fern (from pteron=feather or wing) adiantos=unwetted, for the ability of the fronds to repel water
Capillus=hair veneris=Venus; referring to the shiny black rachises resembling hair
Plants typically grow on rocks often cultivated for their delicate, beautiful foliage
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THELYPTERIDACEAE (Marsh fern family) Thelypteris kunthii Southern Shield Fern
Thelys=female pteris=fern
Unfurling fiddlehead large fronds sori borne on frond undersides