INTERNATIONAL FEDERATIONFOR HOME ECONOMICS

Family Socioeconomic and Cultural Issues:

A Continuing Home Economics Concern

Editor: Prof. Geraldene B. Hodelin, O.D., Ph. D., C.P.H.E, Jamaica

Associated Editors: Mary Margaret Hayes-Frawley, IrelandProf. Dr. Sidiga Washi, Sudan

This publication was initiated by the IFHE Programme Committee Family under the Guidelines of the UN for the IYF 2014

3

Family Socioeconomic and Cultural Issues:

A Continuing Home Economics Concern

Editor:

Prof. Geraldene B. Hodelin, O.D., Ph. D., C.P.H.E, Jamaica

Associated Editors:

Mary Margaret Hayes-Frawley, IrelandProf. Dr. Sidiga Washi, Sudan

This Publication was initiated by the

Family (and Gender) Programme

Committee of the International Federation

for Home Economics (IFHE) under the

Guidelines of the United Nations (UN) for

the 20th Anniversary of the International

Year of the Family (IYF).

Programme Committee members represented by

Prof. Geraldene B. Hodelin, O.D., Ph. D., C.P.H.E., chair;

Mary Margaret Hayes-Frawley, co-chair;

Prof. Dr. Sidiga Washi; Hyukjun Moon;

Anne von Laufenberg-Beermann;

Sabine Reinhart-Maack; Midori Otake; Nishi Surana

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The IFHE Programme Committee Family

acknowledges the support and contribution

of the invited authors, reviewers, editors,

co-editors and the Project and Executive

Committees of the IFHE.

Co-Editors:

Leonie Clarke, Jamaica

Margaret Jepson, United Kingdom

Jane LIoyd Hughes, United Kingdom

Hope Mayne, Jamaica

Joanne Pearson, United States of America

Genevieve A. Schroeder, United States of America

Publication Reviewers:

Minna Autio, Finland

Jette Benn, Denmark

Kathryn Chandler, Canada

Karen Duncan, Canada

Audrey Jones-Drayton, Barbados

Claudia J. Heath, United States of America

Margaret Jepson, United Kingdom

Tahira Hira, United States of America

Elizabeth Kempen, South Africa

Else Marie Øvrebø, Norway

Marianne Pipping Ekström, Sweden

Suzanne Piscopo, Malta

Cornelia du Preez, South Africa

Kaija Turkki, Finland

Jana Vermaas, South Africa

Stefan Wahlen, Germany

Sidiga Washi, Sudan

Published by:

International Federation

for Home Economics

Kaiser-Friedrich-Straße 13

53113 Bonn

Germany

Tel: 0049 (0) 228 9212 590

Fax 0049 (0) 228 9212 591

E-mail: office[at] ifhe.org

Web address: www.ifhe.org

Bonn 2014

Graphic Design:

GDE | Kommunikation gestalten

www.gde.de

Copyright:

This publication is subject to copyright

and permission must be sought for

reproduction of content. Enquiries

should be directed to office[at]ifhe.org

5

poverty hunger social exclusion economic insecurity

heightened workload pressure to perform demographic development

migration family structure networks poverty hunger

social exclusion heightened workload pressure to perform

demographic development migration family structure

networks poverty hunger social exclusion heightened workload

pressure to perform demographic development migration

family structure networks poverty hunger social exclusion

economical insecurity heightened workload pressure to perform

demographic development migration family structure networks

poverty hunger social exclusion heightened workload

pressure to perform networks poverty hunger social exclusion

heightened workload pressure to perform demographic development

migration family structure networks social exclusion

heightened workload pressure to perform demographic development

migration family structure networks poverty hungersocial exclusion heightened workload pressure to

perform demographic development migration family structure networks

KEY TOPICS 20th ANNIVERSARY OF THE IYF 2014

hunger

6

8 Preface Carol Warren

11 SECTION 1 Invited Papers

12 Celebrating the Twentieth Anniversary

of the International Year of the Family

Yukiko Kudo

14 Effects of Old-Age Demographic Changes

on Families and Societies

Rosemary Blieszner and Karen A. Roberto

19 Ageing, Intergenerational Relations,

and The Welfare State

Harald Künemund and Julia Hahmann

24 How to Reach Inclusion and Intergenerational

Solidarity? Social Ontology, Philosophical

Anthropology and Ethics in Practical Purposes

Relating Social Policy

Frank Schulz-Nieswandt

35 Exclusionary Urbanisation and Migration:

Impact on Family with Reference to

Asian Countries

Amitabh Kundu

44 Empowering Families, Individuals,

Communities through Intercultural

Competences and Understanding

Gertraud Pichler

51 SECTION 2

Intergenerational Solidarity

and Social Inclusion

52 Situation of the Elderly: An IFHE study

from Brazil, Germany, Guyana, India, Japan

and Swaziland

Elisabeth Leicht-Eckardt

63 Intergenerational Relations and Life

Satisfaction among the Elderly in East

Asian Societies

Ju-Ping Lin and Chiu-Hua Huang

73 Green Care in Agriculture

Birgit Steininger

79 Widowhood, Malnutrition and Poverty:

Intergenerational Reconnection for Improved

Nutritional Status

Valencia Browning-Keen

Contents

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89 SECTION 3

Family Resources, Poverty,

and Nutrition

90 Empowering The Care Resources and

Behaviour of Family to Improve Child

Nutritional Status

Euis Sunarti

99 Management of Severe Malnutrition in

Children of Families in Emergency Situations:

A Home Economist Community-based Trial

in Darfur, Sudan

Sidiga Washi and Amal Abdalla Ali

111 Home Economists in Action: Implementing

a Community Course on Sustainable Living

Suzanne Piscopo

122 Reduced Household Income –

Coping Strategies for Daily Food

Juliane Yildiz and Ingrid-Ute Leonhäuser

140 Impact of Food Distribution Programmes

on Food Insecurity

Lorna Saboe-Wounded Head

148 Mother/Child Food Preparation, Race/Ethnicity

and Weight in the United States

Jane Kolodinsky

163 Maternal Employment Factors Influencing

the Well-being Among Children of School Age

in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria

David Oladeji

177 SECTION 4

Work-Life Balance

178 A Study of New Work-Life Balance:

Life Development Balance

Misa Morita

188 Work–family Balance Strategies of

Female-bank Workers in Uyo

Mildred O. Ekot

197 SECTION 5 Significance of Families and

Home Economics

198 Families and Home Economics

Competencies are of Significance for

Achieving Development Goals

Sabine Reinhart-Maack and

Anne v. Laufenberg-Beermann

202 Home Economics for Family Development –

The Continuing Dialogue

Geraldene B. Hodelin

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Preface

The International Federation for Home Economics (IFHE)

is widely acknowledged as the only worldwide

organisation focused on home economics and

consumer studies.

Established in 1908, IFHE is an International Non

Governmental Organisation (INGO), having consultative

status with the United Nations (ECOSOC, FAO, UNESCO,

UNICEF) and with the Council of Europe.

IFHE defines home economics as “a field of study and

a profession, situated in the human sciences that draws

from a range of disciplines to achieve optimal and

sustainable living for individuals, families and

communities”. While its historical origins place home

economics in the context of the home and households,

the profession is as relevant today for our global society

as it was in the early days of the 20th Century.

At the IFHE centenary congress in Lucerne, Switzerland,

the IFHE launched a position paper on home economics

in the 21st Century. This document provides a foundation

for the Federation, confirming that an essential dimension

of home economics is “a focus on fundamental needs and

practical concerns of individuals and family in everyday

life and their importance both at the individual and near

community levels, and also at societal and global levels so

that wellbeing can be enhanced in an ever changing and

ever challenging environment”.

It was as far back as 1982 that discussions began within

IFHE resulting in a resolution to propose an International

Year of the Family (IYF). This resolution presented to the

United Nations Secretary General resolved that “the

biennial International Council of IFHE Meeting in Stras-

bourg (France) from 26 to 29 July 1982, propose to the

General Assembly of the United Nations the promotion

of An International Year of the Family.”

This action and the subsequent lobbying from IFHE

together with other NGOs ultimately contributed to the

designation of the International Year of the Family in 1994

by the United Nations. IFHE is very proud of its part in

bringing about the International Year of the Family and

especially of its designation as an IYF Patron, one of the

first NGOs to receive such recognition.

In 2014 IFHE is very proud to continue its commitment to

maintaining a focus on the family as an integral unit within

society. As a federation we continue to support United

Nations (UN) initiatives and embed these initiatives into

our activities. In acknowledgement of the 20th Anniversary

of the International Year of the Family 2014, we have

adopted the three major themes designated by the UN to

guide our activities.

These themes of confronting family poverty and social

exclusion, ensuring work-family balance, and advancing

social integration and intergenerational solidarity within

families and communities have guided the focus for our

IFHE campaign entitled, “Empowering individuals, families

and communities through Home Economics”.

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At the core of our Federation is the work of our Programme

Committees. These committees are based on IFHE needs

and the interest of members, providing the opportunity

for direct involvement in the work of IFHE. The IFHE Family

(and gender) Programme Committee has taken a leading

role in Federation activities to support the 20th Anniversary

of IYF 2014 under the leadership of IFHE Immediate Past

President, Geraldene Hodelin (Chair) and Mary Margaret

Hayes-Frawley (Co-chair). This monograph is their

initiative. Entitled, “Family socioeconomic and cultural

issues, a continuing Home Economics concern”, it relates

specifically to the three key themes proposed by the

UN and includes contributions highlighting the economic,

social and cultural influences on families and the

contribution that home economics knowledge and skills

can make to enhance the quality of everyday life

for individuals, families and households.

As with the activities for IYF in 1994 and the

20th Anniversary activities in 2014, the focus is intended

to be at a local, regional and national level involving

families or having a direct impact on them. In an ever-

changing society there are many factors impacting on

families including technological change, social media,

financial stress and debt, illness, poverty and cultural

diversity. From working at the grass-roots level to

advocating in the political arena, home economists

continue to keep the needs of families at the forefront

of their work.

It is very fitting that this unique publication is launched

and celebrated at our Council Meeting in July 2014 held

in London Ontario, Canada. It was the delegation from

Canada in 1982 that presented a proposal that IFHE

recommends an “International Year of the Family ”to the

United Nations and it was President of Honour, Doris Badir

(Canada) who prepared the official IFHE Policy Statement

for the IYF 1994.

On behalf of IFHE, I would like to thank all of the

contributors to this publication for your willingness

to share your knowledge and expertise and to home

economists around the globe, for your continued

commitment to work to advocate for families.

Carol Warren

IFHE President (2012 – 2016)

ageing demographic trends family gerontology family relationship ageing

welfare state family care life course inclusion culturaltransformation

self-conception social learning patterns of interaction society

psychodynamics of care and love exclusion urbanization migration

family India culture diverse and multicultural society learning

dimension and standards of culture intercultural competences senior

international comparative enquiry ADL worldwide case study

home economics curriculum intergenerational relations

intergenerational support life satisfaction elderly east Asia home economics

Green Care agricultural enterprise mental health quality of life widowhood

malnutrition poverty nutrition intergenerational families care

improving child nutritional status families in emergency severe

acute malnutrition (SAM) community based Darfur sustainable living

home economics community course process evaluation

short-term impact low income budget restriction food insecurity

food purchases nutrition behavior need obesity race ethnicity families

resource management mother health balance

Maslow’s theory of hierarchy of need maternal earning

food preparation time-use status children’s well-being

household resources family size Nigeria

age at marriage work-life balance gender equality

well-being family responsibility work female

quality of life family balance strategies banks

development goals competencies Caribbean

KEY WORDS IFHE PUBLICATION

Maslow’s theory of hierarchy of need

food preparation

household resources