Upload
jeremy-solomon-fisher
View
221
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Fascism in Italy
Mussolini's Rise to Power
Mussolini's Rise to Power 1915: France and Britain had promised Italy
Austro-Hungarian territories. Italy recieves some, the others territories
become Yugoslavia. Inspired by the revolutions in Russia peasants
siezed lands and went on strike Taxes rose, and the government became
powerless.
A Leader Emerges
Benito Mussolini Was fiery and charismatic 1919- Mussolini organizes veterans in the
Fascist Party Named after “fasces”, bundled sticks wrapped
around an axe; in ancient Rome it was a sign of unity and authority.
Promised to end corruption
Mussolini Gains Control
Organized “combat squads” known as Black Shirts, party militants.
Used intimidation and terror to oust elected officials in northern Italy
1922- March on Rome; thousands swarm Rome.
Mussolini is given power from King Victor Emmanuel III on October 30, 1922
Mussollini's Rule
1925, takes the name Il Duce, The Leader. 1929- gains support from the Pope by
accepting Vatican City as a separate state. Italy is a dictatorship ran by terror
Censorship Rigged Elections Secret Police Critics thrown in prison, forced into exile or
murdered.
State Control of the Economy
Brings economy under state control, yet preserves captialism.
Representatives of labor, government and the Fascist party controlled industry, agriculture, and trade.
Favors upper class and industrial leaders. Production increases at the cost of the workers
The Individual and the State
The state was all important, and the individual was unimportant except as a member of the state.
Men- pushed to be ruthless warriors for Italy.
Children – were shaped for the future Torchlight parades, chanting “Mussolini is
always right” Women- “win the battle of motherhood”
Women who had more then 14 children were given a medal by Mussolini himself.
The Nature of Fascism
Totalitarian State One party dictatorship attempt to regulate
every aspect of the lives of its citizens. First of it's kind Hitler and Stalin follow in nature
What is Fascism?
Fascism Any centeralized, authoritarian government
that is not communist whose policies glorify the state over the individual and are destructive to basic human rights.
Has no unifying theory Extreme Nationalism and blind loyalty to the
state Aggressive foreign expanism and violence Antidemocratic
The Appeal of Fascism
Promises a strong, stable government. Revives national pride Newspapers in Britain, France, and North
America compliment the discipline and order of the government.
Fascism Compared to Communism
Fascist Nationalist Goals Defined Classes Allies in
business leaders, wealthy land owners.
Communism International
Goals Classless
Society Support from
urband and agricultural workers
Fascism Compared to Communism
Both had much in common though Require blind devotion to the state A charismatic leader Used terror to guard their power Flourish during econmic hard times Promote extreme programs of social change Claims to rule in the name of national interest
Looking Ahead
Three Systems of government competed for influence
Democracy Britain France
Communism Russia
Fascism Italy Germany