Fashion Studies Watches

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ContentBrief history of timepieces

Brief history of watches

Brief history of wrist watches

Category

Material

Application and Uses

Popular brands

Image glossary

Bibliography


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Brief history of watches

Clock watches

The first timepieces to be worn, made in 16th century Europe, weretransitional in size between clocks and watches. These clock watcheswere either worn or tied to clothing using chains, and were usuallyworn around neck. Initially it was a kind of jewellery. These watchesor clocks were heavy drum shaped cylindrical boxes, and it used haveonly hour hand. Their accuracy was very poor. And majorly used as

ornamentations.Pocket watches

The watches were worn in neck with chain; this styling was latterlychanged in 17 th century. Men started wearing the watches withwaistcoat. To keep easily in pocket their shaped turned moreflattened and less edgy. These watches were called as pocket

watches. The shape was evolved due to the invention of main spring.

The balance spring

A great leap forward in accuracy occurred in 1657 with the additionof the balance spring to the balance wheel. The balance spring madethe balance wheel a harmonic oscillator, due to which watches'accuracy increased enormously.

Chronometers

Chronometers were scientific instruments brought rapid advances totheir mechanisms. The development during this period of accuratemarine chronometers to determine longitude during sea voyagesproduced many technological advances that were later used in

watches. The error of elasticity in balance spring with change in


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temperature was corrected by the bimetallic temperaturecompensated balance wheel invented in 1765 by Pierre Le Roy andimproved by Thomas Earnshaw.

Mass production, Better materials

Due to invention of various machine to produce various parts, massproduction were started. Watches became more and more preciseand accurate in time keeping with time, the mechanical design of the

watch became standardized, and advances were made in bettermaterials, tighter tolerances, and improved production methods.


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Brief history of wrist watches

Patek Phillipe created the first wristwatch in 1868. In 1880, Constant

Girard (Girard-Perregaux) developed a concept of wristwatches,made for German naval officers and ordered by Kaiser Wilhelm I of Germany. Two-thousand watches were produced, which representsthe first important commercialization of wristwatches for men;wristwatches were mostly worn by women until the First World War.

In 1904, Brazilian aviator Alberto Santos Dumont asked his friendLouis Cartier to come up with an alternative that would allow him tokeep both hands on the controls while timing his performancesduring flight. Cartier and his master watchmaker Edmond Jaegersoon came up with the first prototype for a man's wristwatch calledthe Santos wristwatch. The Santos first went on sale in 1911, thedate of Cartier's first production of wristwatches. However, thepocket watch remained the favourite style among men until the First

World War. During the war, soldiers needed access to their watcheswhile their hands were full. They were issued wristwatches, called"trench watches", which were made with pocket watch movements,so they were large and bulky and had the crown at the 12 o'clockposition like pocket watches. After the war, pocket watches went outof fashion, and by 1930, the ratio of wrist- to pocket watches was 50to 1. The first successful self-winding system was invented by JohnHarwood in 1923.


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Category

Wrist watches are firstly divided into

Gender- Male / Female Age- >16, >25, >35, 40+, 60+ etc Life style

Material Leather Metal Canvas Plastics Rubber

Income Lower

Middle Higher Luxury

Shape Circle dial Square Unconventional

Type Analogue Digital


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Popular brands

Adidas

Armani

Baby-G


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Bvlgari

Calvin klein-ck

casio


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Citizen

Diesel

Dior


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DKNY

Dolce & Gabbana


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Ed Hardy

Fossil


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Fastrack

G- Shock

Lacoste


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Omega

Puma

Piaget


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Rolex

Seiko

Timex


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Titan

Ulysse nardin

And many more


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Image glossaryAAtomic clocks

Analogue

Alarm

Analogue is type of mechanismwhich basics works with gears andgives moment to the hour, minuteand second hand

Alarm is a feature in digital watches.

Its an extremely accurate electronicclock regulated by the resonancefrequency of atoms or molecules of certain substances, as caesium.


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balance spring

balance wheel

Candle clock

Balance spring is made of springsteel and stores force to give power

to gears.

It is a weighted wheel that rotatesback and forth, being returnedtoward its centre position bybalance spring

Its a usual candle with marking

which denotes time.


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Camera

Digital

Direction

A feature in a wrist watch

a watch that displays the time innumerical digits rather than byhands on a dial.

Its a feature in a watch which canshow and guide u to find places


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Hour Glass

Leather strap

latitude longitude

An instrument for measuring time, consisting of two bulbs of glass joined by a narrow passagethrough which a quantity of sand or mercury runsin just an hour.

Its a wrist watch strap made of leather.

It is a feature which tells u latitude andlongitude.


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pocket watch

pendulum clocks

A tapering, four-sided shaft of stone,usually monolithic and having apyramidal apex

a watch that is attached to a chainto hock on the clothes

a watch having a balance wheel,especially a balance wheel bearing afake pendulum bob oscillatingbehind a window in the dial.


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Plastics straps

Quartz

Rubber strap

Spring-powered clock

Straps made from plastic

one of the commonest minerals,silicon dioxide, SiO 2 , having manyvarieties that differ in color, luster,etc., and occurring either in masses(as agate, bloodstone, chalcedony,

jasper, etc.) or in crystals (as rockcrystal, amethyst, citrine, etc.): thechief constituent of sand andsandstone, and an importantconstituent of many other rocks. It is

piezoelectric and used to control thefrequencies of radio transmitters.

Strap made of rubber

Clock which is powered by BalanceSpring.


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Santos wristwatch

Square dial

stop watch

the first prototype for a man'slwristwatch called the Santoswristwatch.

The Dials shape is square

Its a feature which can counttime in seconds, minutes andhours


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time stick

trench watches

touch screen.

Its a kind of Incense stick which hasmarking on it which denotes time

Watches madeduring Firstworld war

Watch having touch screen.


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Bibliography

http://www.ablogtoread.com/a-brief-history-of-watches/

http://www.swisstimemachine.co.uk/http://wristwatches.com/the-history-of-wrist-watches-and-how-they-became-so-popular/http://www.thewatchhut.co.uk/

http://www.swisstimemachine.co.uk/information/history-of-watches/rolex-history

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

Documents

Fashion Studies Watches