Features 510 Viewpoint: Our common future-from one earth to one world Donald G. Hanway looks at challenges laid down in the United Nation's report Our Common Future

511 New strategies for soil conservation D. W. Sanders says new policies and strategies can overcome the problems that have made some international soil conservation programs expensive and ineffective

517 What have we learned about who conserves soil? W i I I iam Loc keretz critiques research methods that, he says, have told us precious little about which farmers conserve soil and why

524 Land use designation in rural areas: An Oregon case study James R. Pease reviews this western state's attempt at designating primary and secondary farm and forest land

529 The Star Fire Mine reclamation experience Thomas J. Nieman and Diane Mesahko report how long-range planning at the outset of mining can produce beneficial post- mining land use options

533 Natural resource accounting systems and environmental policy modeling Richard Cabe and Stanley R. Johnson describe how nat u rat resource accounting can be applied to the Resources Conservation Act

Commentary

540 Total quality management and conservation C. Paul Barlow contends that a commitment to quality can reap benefits in the conservation arena

543 Coordination of state soil and water conservation and farm land preservation regulatory programs James E. Holloway and Donald C. Guy outline why more coordination among state-level programs is required if each is to achieve specified objectives

Research reports

559 Bench terracing in the Kerinci uplands of Sumatra, Indonesia Stephen F. Siebert and Jill M. Belsky

562 Corn yield and plant population differences between eroded phases of Illinois soils K. R. Olson and S. G. Carmer

567 Minesoil mapping at the family level using a proposed classification system J. T. Ammons and J. C. Sencindiver

571 Effect of tree root- pruning adjacent to windbreaks on corn and soybeans Steven D. Rasmussen and Charles A. Shapiro

575 The use of windbreaks by hunters in Kansas Ted T. Cable and Philip S. Cook

577 Application of the CREAMS model at a contaminated industrial site Joseph A. Van Mullem

581 Use of pregerminated rye seed for late-fall establishment of a cover crop following potatoes Linnell M. Edwards and Gary B. Hergert

584 Irrigated crop rotation for energy conservation: A Nebraska case study W. R. Peterson, D. T. Walters, R. J. Supalla, and R. A. Olson

589 Mapping impervious cover using Landstat TM data Dorsey E. Plunk, Jr., Ken Morgan, and Leo Newland

Departments

506 The SWCS view

508 Pen points 547 In the news

556 Professional services & classif ieds 557 Upcoming 558 Books, etc.

Cover: A farmer in Shaanxi province in the loess plateau of China examines caragana shrubs planted on inward sloping terraces to stabilize the steep hillsides. The leguminous shrubs are also cut for fodder and fuel. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations photo.

Journal of Soil and Water Consemtion (ISSN 0022-4561) is published six times a year in January, March, May, July, September, and November by the Soil and Water Conservation Society, 7515 N.E. Ankeny Road, Ankeny, Iowa 50021-9764. Second class postage paid at Ankeny, Iowa, and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 7515 N.E. Ankeny Road, Ankeny, Iowa

Copyright 0 1990 by the Soil and Water Conservation Society. SWCS assumes no responsibility for statements and opinions expressed by contributors. Address all editorial and business correspondence to SWCS, 7515 N.E. Ankeny Road, Ankeny, Iowa 50021-9764; telephone (515) 289-2331. Subscription is by membership in SWCS or by subscription. Membership dues are $44 a year ($50 outside the U.S. and Canada); subscriptions are $30 a year ($35 outside the US. and Canada).

50021-9764.

CONSERVATION SOCIETY

The mission of the Soil and Water Conservation Society is to advocate the conservation of soil, water, and related natural resources.

As a multidisciplinary organization, SWCS synthesizes the results of research, experience, and custom in developing a knowledge base that is communicated worldwide. Through education and example, SWCS promotes a stewardship ethic that recognizes the interdependence of people and natural resources.

Editor Max Schnepf

Managing Editor James L. Sanders

Asslstant Editor Vacant

Research Report Editor James F. Power

Production Assistant Debbie Maher

EDITORIAL BOARD Lawrence W. Libby (chm), Gainesville, Fla. David B. Baker, Tiffin, Ohio Alfred Birch, Edmonton, Alberta Blair T. Bower, Arlington, Va. Donn G. DeCoursey, Fort Collins, Colo. George Foster, St. Paul, Minn. W. L. Hargrove, Griffin, Ga. R. J. Hildreth, Oak Brook, 111. N. W. Hudson, Silsoe, England Dennis Keeney, Ames, Iowa Fred B. Knight, Orono, Maine William R. Oschwald, Champaign, 111. Dave Schertz, Washington, D.C. Gerald E. Schuman, Cheyenne, Wyo. Frederick Steiner, Tempe, Ariz. B. A. Stewart, Bushland, Tex. Ken Trott, Davis, Calif.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS President Richard L. Duesterhaus, Vienna, Va. Vice-pmsident Ronald J. Hicks, Sherwood Park, Alta. !bcretary-Tbasurer William J. Brune, Des Moines, Iowa Regional Repmsentatlves Calvin J. Perkins, Clifton Park, N.Y. R. Hugh Caldweil, Lexington, S.C. Robert L. Blevins, Lexington, Ky. Adrian Achtermann, Silver Lake, Ohio William J. Brune, Des Moines, Iowa Alice J. Jones, Lincoln, Nebr. Donald Bartolina, Oklahoma City, Okla. Jan Jinings, Boise, Idaho Ronald J. Hicks, Sherwood Park, Aka. Caroline J. Edwards, Raleigh, N.C.

STAFF Executive Vice-presldent Verlon K. “Tony” Vrana Administrative Asslstant Larry D. Davis Program Assistant Tim Kautza Washington, D.C. Represenhtlve Norm Berg

506 Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

Nonlinear reality

In their recent article on wind stripcropping [“Wind Stripcropping Using Weeping Lovegrass in the Southern High Plains,” JSWC, May-June 1990, pp. 397-3991 Sajjadi and Zartman stated, at least in part, one unfounded conclusion likely to have undesired implications: “The weeping lovegrass strip should be constructed perpendicular to wind direction.. .” (emphasis added). The context of the author’s description of the strips (with one exception) clearly imply a preference toward a linear system of strips. I challenge this assertion for the following reasons.

First, no attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of linear and nonlinear grass strip systems was stated in the article. Yet the authors do state that one of the sites (Wolfforth) includes a nonlinear (circular layout) grass strip system. Such an evaluation (linear vs. nonlinear sytems) would obviously require, among other variables, an assessment of the interrelationships of microclimatic data, such as wind direction and velocity, especially frequency of each but with an emphasis

on erosive wind frequencies. The collection and evaluation of such data would, in my opinion, have to be a prerequisite before the authors could be justified in asserting that a “strip constructed perpendicular to wind direction seems well suited’’ for protecting cotton from wind erosion damage. How are the authors able to assume that linear systems are more effective than nonlinear systems?

Second, the authors err by simplistically stating “wind direction.” They should rather have stated the more appropriate “erosive wind direction.” After all, what relevance has nonerosive wind direction to do with the construction of grass strip systems for the control of wind erosion, that is, the control of erosive winds is what is important!

Wind erosion control wisdom, particularly with a reliance upon wind barriers, must shed itself of conventional “linear convenience” and address the “nonlinear reality” of erosive winds, and, subsequently, the adequate protection needs of our crops and soils.

David H. Behm Columbia Heights, Minnesota

Why Belong to SWCS? Why do I belong to SWCS? This question can be asked in many forms, just as

the answers represent many different viewpoints. Here I would like to give my answer.

I am employed in the soil and water conservation field. My employment limits me to an assigned geographical area, and I work with the opportunities in that area using the procedures my employer has prescribed. However, in my mind I am a practitioner of a profession that is much larger than I deal with on a day-to-day basis. The opportunities and challenges of the conservation profession are greater than I see each day. And yet what I do each day contributes to this profession. Additional information about conservation programs, problems, and practices continually expands my horizon of knowledge.

Reading the JSWC is a continuing way to expand my horizons. Just as I don’t find everything in the daily paper interesting, I don’t find everything in the JSWC interesting either, but that doesn’t keep me from at least having a passing acquaintance with it. Attending chapter and council meetings provides acquaintance with other disciplines of soil and water conservation and with the persons who are involved in those areas of study and work.

I am a professional conservationist, and I enjoy associating with other professionals. As we share experiences, we each gain new knowledge and understanding that we may take away with us.

Bob Thomas Arlington, Texas

This is why I choose to belong to and participate in SWCS. What about you?

General World Resources 1990-91: A Guide to

the Global Environment. 384 pp., illus., tbls., maps, index, 1990. WRI Pub1 icat ions, Washington , D.C. 20006.

The Visual Display of Quantitative Information. By Edward R. Tufte. Illus., 1990. Graphics Press, Cheshire, Conn. 06410. $36.00.

Core Curriculum in GIs. Edited by Michael F. Goodchild and Kanen K. Kemp. Three volumes with diskettes and slides. U.C. Regent, National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (NCGIA) Publications, University of Calif., Santa Barbara, Calif. 93106. $200.

Environmental Models: Emissions and Consequences. International Conference, May 22-25, 1989, Denmark. By J. Fenhann, H. Larsen, G. A. Mackenzie, and B. Rasmussen. 500 pp., 1990. Elsevier Science Publishers, P.O. Box 330, 1000 AH Amsterdam, The Netherlands. $100.00.

Erosion Hazard Mapping of the SADCC Region; Part 2 , Swaziland. By N. M. Nkambule, Z. M. Dlamini, and J. V. Nhlengetfwa. 44 pp., illus., map, apps., 1989. Report No. 24. Southern African Development Coordination Conference, Ministry of Agriculture and Marketing, P.O. Box 24, Maseru 100, Lesotho.

Erosion Hazard Mapping of the SADCC Region: Part 3. Lesotho. By Q. Chakela, J. Molapo, and T. G. Putsoane. 19 pp., illus., app., 1989. Report No. 25. Southern African Development Coordination Conference, Ministry of Agriculture and Marketing, P.O. Box 24, Maseru 100, Lesotho.

Infiltration Development and Application: Pre-Conference Proceedings, International Conference on Infiltration Development and Application. Edited by Yu-Si Fok. 582 pp., 1990. Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2540 Dole St., Honolulu, Hawaii 96822. $25.00.

Resources and Environmental Policy and Program Area 1981-1988. 26 pp.,

Per$ormunce Report for the Natural

1989. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

Yosemite. 144 pp., illus., 1990. 20402-9325.

024-005-01046-7. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

George N. Peek and the Fight for Farm Parity. By Gilbert C. Fite. 314 pp., illus., refs., index, 1990. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Okla. 73019. $14.95

Industries. 1990. National Conference of State Legislatures. Denver, Colo. 80265. $10.00, plus $1.50 for postage and handling.

f i e Human Impact on the Natural Environment (third edition). By Andrew Goudie. 388 pp., illus., 1990. MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. 02142. $35.00, cloth; $17.50.

20402-9325.

Developing Recycling Markets and

Soils Aljisols in the Cofee Sand Formution in

Prentiss County, Mississippi. By D. E. Pettry, V. E. Nash, R. E. Switzer, and R. B. Hinton. 9 pp., 1990. Tech. Bull. 171. Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, 39762.

ASTM Standards on Soil Stabilization with Admixtures. 112 pp., 1990. Phillip L. Lively, ASTM, Philadelphia, Pa. 19103. $35.00; members, $28.00.

Research Issues in Soil ErosionlProductivity: Executive Summary. Edited by W. E. Larson, G. R. Foster, R. R. Allmaras, and C. M. Smith. 35 pp., 1990. Soil Science Department, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, 55108.

and Management. By Rattan Lal. 580 pp., illus., refs., indexes, 1990. McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, New York, N.Y. 10011.

Soil Erosion in the Tropics: Principles

Agriculture Agriculture and the Environment:

OECD Policy Experiences and American Opportunities. 45 pp., refs., app., 1990. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460.

International Perspectives. Edited by Agriculture and Water Quality:

John B. Braden and Stephen B. Lovejoy. 224 pp., illus., refs., tbls., index, 1989. Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc., Boulder, Colo. 80301. $25.00.

Plant Biotechnology in Agriculture. By K. Lindsey and M.G.K. Jones. 241 pp., illus., refs., gloss., index, 1990. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J. 07632.

Agriculture. By Gordon Meeks, Jr. 60 pp., refs., app., bibliog., 1989. National Conference of State Legislatures, Denver, Colo. 80265.

Research Progress in 1989. 39 pp., illus., 1990. Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250.

Transfer Policies for the 1990s. 56

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402-9325. $2.50.

State Policy Issues in Sustainable

Agricultural Research and Technology

pp., 1990. 052-003-01182-4. U.S.

Water Water Resources: Compensation to

Water Users Did Not Reflect the b lue of Rights and Interests. GAO/RCED-90-116. U.S. General Accounting Office, Gaithersburg, Md. 20877.

Proceedings, Fourth National Outdoor Action Conference on Aquifer Restoration, Ground Water Monitoring and Geophysical Methods. 1,317 pp., 1990. No. P490. National Water Well Association Bookstore, Columbus, Ohio 43218. $87.50; $70 to NWWA members; plus $4.00 for postage and handling.

A Citizen’s Guide to Clean Water. 50 pp., apps., 1990. Izaak Walton League of America, Arlington, Va. 22209.

f i e 1990 Farm Bill: Opportunities for Groundwater Protection. By Judy Campbell Bird and Janet Edmond. 29 pp., app., 1990. Environmental and Energy Study Institute, Washington, D.C. 20001.

Great Lakes Great Legacy? By Theodora E. Colborn, Alex Davidson, Sharon N. Green, R. A. (Tony) Hodge, C. Ian Jackson, and Richard A. Liroff. 301 pp., illus., refs., index, 1990. The Conservation Foundation, Baltimore, Md. 21211.

Ground Water Management.

558 Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

afecting trench cover integrity on low level w t e Dept. Agr., Washington, D.C. 0

STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, AND CIRCULATION

1A. Title of Publication: Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 1B. Publication Number: 0022 4561. 2. Date of Filing: October 24. 1990.3. Frequencyof Issue: Bimonthly. 3A. No. of Issues Published Annually: Six, 38. Annual Subscription Rice: $30.00. 4. Complete Mailing Addresp of Known offife of Publication: 7515 Northeast Ankeny Road, Ankeny, Iowa MM1-9764 (Polk Coun- ty).S. Complete Mailing Addresr, of the Headquarters of General Business Offices of the PubUsher: 75 15 Northeast Ankeny Road, Ankeny, Iowa 50021-9764. 6. Names and Complete Addresses of Publisher, Editor, and Mnna%ng Editor: Publisher: Soil and Water Conservation Society, 7515 NE Ankeny Road, Ankeny, Iowa 50021-9764. Editor: Max Schnepf, 7515 NE Ankeny Road. Ankeny, lowa50021-9764. Managing Editor: James L. Sanders, 7515 NE Ankeny Road, Ankeny, Iowa 50021-9764.7. Owner: Soil and Water Conservation Society, 7515 NE Ankeny Road, Ankeny, Iowa 50021-9764. 8. Known Bondholders, Mortgages, and Other Security Holders Owning or Holding 1 Percent or More of Total Amount of Bonds, Mortgages or Other Securities: None. 9. The purpose, function, and nonprofit status of this organization and the exemp status for Federal income tax purposes has not changed during the past 12 months. 10. Extent and Nature of Circulation:

Average No. Copies Each Issue During

Preceding 12 months

Actual No. Copies of angle Issue Published Nearest to Filing Date

A. Total No. Copies Printed-75,800 17,000 12,700 B. Paid Circulation

I . Sales through Dealers and Carriers, Street Vendors, and Counter Sales 0 0

2. Mail Subscriptions 13,119 11,840 C. Total Paid Circulation 13,l I9 11,840

Complimentary, and Other Free Copies 857 1 I5 E. Total Distribution 13,976 11,955 F. Copies Not Distributed

I . Office Use, Left Over, Unaccounted, Spoiled After Printing 745 2. Returns from News Agents 0 0

G . Total 17,000 12,700

D. Free Distribution by Mail, Carrier, or Other Means, Samples,

3,024

11. I certify that the statements made by me above are correct and complete. -Verlon K. V r m . Executive Vice-president, Soil and Water Conservation Society.

580 Journal of Soil and Water Conservation