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February 10, 2015 FHWA Resource Center 1 Modern Roundabouts: Changing our Intersection Landscape South Tahoe, CA February 10, 2015 Hillary N. Isebrands, PE, PhD USDOT FHWA Resource Center Safety & Design Technical Service Team Lakewood, CO Vail , CO Kings Beach, CA Incline Village, NV Source of Images: Isebrands, Google Earth, Isebrands Topics for Discussion » Intersection Safety Facts » Roundabouts Facts & Characteristics » Designing for All Users & Roadway Character » Roundabout Examples » Summary » Questions/Discussion Photo Source: Isebrands

February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

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Page 1: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 1

Modern Roundabouts: Changing our Intersection LandscapeSouth Tahoe, CA • February 10, 2015

Hillary N. Isebrands, PE, PhDUSDOT ‐ FHWA Resource CenterSafety & Design Technical Service TeamLakewood, CO 

Vail , CO Kings Beach, CA

Incline Village, NV

Source of Images: Isebrands, Google Earth, Isebrands

Topics for Discussion

» Intersection Safety Facts

» Roundabouts Facts & Characteristics

» Designing for All Users & Roadway Character

» Roundabout Examples

» Summary

» Questions/Discussion

Photo Source: Isebrands

Page 2: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 2

Intersection Safety Facts

Source Isebrands, FHWA

» About half of all severe crashes occur at intersections

» 25% of all fatalities are at intersections» Angle crashes account for over 40% of fatal crashes at intersections

» Left turn crashes account for over 20% of fatal crashes at intersections

» Ped/Bike crashes account for 25% of fatal crashes at signalized intersections

FHWA Focused Approach to Safety

Page 3: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 3

5

» Increase awareness of intersections» Increase visibility of intersections and traffic control devices

» Improve the design of intersections to reduce conflicts

» Improve driver navigation to reduce confusion

» Improve the operations of intersections» Improve sight distance at intersections» Improve driver compliance with traffic control devices

Key Areas for Improving Intersection Safety

Source of Images: Google Earth

Middleton, ID

Page 4: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 4

Roundabout Facts & Characteristics

Source of Images: Google Earth

Roundabout Safety Experience

» Fatal and injury crashes reduced significantly

» The number of conflict points is ¼ of traditional intersection

» Changes in the types of crashes

» Slow speeds for all vehicles

32

8

Page 5: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 5

Pedestrians Roundabout Experience

» Low speeds (15‐25mph)

» Fewer conflict points (16 to 8 ped‐veh)

» Shorter crossing distances

» Cross only one direction of travel at a time

9

Photo credits: Butzek

Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC

Asheville, NC

Physical Features of a Modern Roundabout

Pedestrian Crossing

Raised Central Island Counter‐clockwise 

Circulatory Roadway

Deflected Entry Path with Yield control

Raised Splitter Island

Raised Truck Apron

Page 6: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 6

Not All Circular Intersections Are Roundabouts

Roundabouts

RotariesNeighborhoodtraffic circles

All circularintersections

Others

Neighborhood Traffic Circle

Image Source : FHWA/NCHRP 672

Page 7: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 7

Traffic Circle to Roundabout Retrofit

Smaller diameter ‐ 225 ft

Photo Source: NYSDOT

Large diameter (600 ft +)

Traffic Circle to Roundabout Retrofit

Source: Google Earth

Page 8: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 8

Designing for All Users & Roadway Character

Source of Images: Google Earth

Roundabout Guidance

» FHWA» Proven Safety Countermeasure (2008, 2012)» NCHRP 672 Roundabouts: An Informational Guide (2010) 

» CalTrans» Highway Design Manual» Intersection Control Evaluation (ICE)Directive

» NVDOT

Page 9: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 9

Roundabouts and Road Users

» From Pedestrians 17

» To Bikes

» To Cars

» To Trucks

» To Farming equipment

» To Oversized trucks

» To Transit

Photo Source: Isebrands

Roundabout Categories & Typical Footprint

» Mini‐roundabouts 

» 45 to 90 ft diameter

» Mountable center island

» Single‐Lane Roundabouts

» 90 to 180 ft diameter

» Low to high approach speeds

» Multilane Roundabout 

» 150 to 300 ft diameter

» Hybrid designs common

Source of Images: Google Earth

Page 10: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 10

Variables that Affect Footprint

» Number of Lanes» Traffic Volumes

» Turning movements

» Diameter» Large Vehicles (Bus, Truck)

» Approach Geometry

» Sidewalks, Crosswalks, Multi‐use Paths

» Bike Lanes

Photo Source: CH2MHill

Planning Level Capacity ‐ AADT

Source: NCHRP 672, Exhibit 3‐12

Page 11: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 11

FHWA DRAFT Calibrated Capacity Model ‐ SLR

Source: FHWA

Roundabout Examples

Source of Images: Google Earth

Page 12: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 12

Mini Roundabout ‐ Shakopee (Scott County) MN

23Photo Credits: Tony Winiecki, Scott County MN

Mini Roundabout – Harford County, MD

Page 13: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 13

27

Main St. and Center St. Hamburg, NY

Image Source: NYSDOT

Single Lane ‐ Urban Compact

Page 14: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 14

135 ft

95 ft

140 ft

75 ft

85 ft

Mt Horeb, WI

130 ft

63 ft45 ft

Single Lane Roundabout

Source: San Diego, CA and Kings Beach, CA

http://tahoetopia.com/webcam/kings‐beach‐construction_cam_cafe

Page 15: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 15

Hybrid (2x1) Roundabout

Source: Waunakee, WI Eagle, CO

Single Lane Roundabouts

Source: Hopeland, CA Source: Hwy 88 Minden, NV

Page 16: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 16

Multi Lane Roundabouts

Photo Source: Isebrands Source: Google Earth

Source: Isebrands Source: City of Richfield, MN

Large Vehicles

Page 17: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 17

Transit‐Video

Source: City of Richfield, MN

Photo credits: Isebrands

Bikes at Modern Roundabouts

Photo credits: Isebrands

Page 18: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 18

Accessibility at Modern Roundabouts

Raised Crosswalk Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon

Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacon

Photo credits: Isebrands, FHWA

Education – Videos and Websites

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OvoFjirrgYA

http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/intersection/

Page 19: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 19

Corridor Applications

US 6

Source: Google Earth Avon, CO

» Why are they important?» Roundabouts are still fairly “new”» Roundabout design not in academic curriculum

» Not every agency has a roundabout expert on board (and that is okay)

» An unbiased opinion almost always adds value

» You can learn a lot from a peer review – it makes you a better designer

» On‐call contract or pre‐qualified designer until in‐house expertise are developed (Iowa DOT, Kansas DOT, GDOT)

Peer Reviews

Source of Images: Google Earth

Page 20: February 10, 2015tahoempo.org/presentations/tahoetalks/Tahoe Talks Feb 2015 hando… · Source of Images: Seattle DOT and Asheville, NC Asheville, NC Physical Features of a Modern

February 10, 2015

FHWA Resource Center 20

Summary

» Safe» Most vehicles  average 15 to 25 mph thru intersection

» Fewer conflict points

» Reduce probability of right angle, injury type crashes

» Reduces fatal and injury crashes on average by 80%

» Efficient» All movements (LT, TH, RT) have equal priority

» 24 hours a day (little stopping during off peak)

» Smart» Game changing design in terms of safety and operations

» Provides flexibility where none may have existed before

Thank You • Questions and Discussion

Hillary N. Isebrands, PE, PhD

FHWA Resource Center, Safety & Design Technical Service Team• Lakewood, [email protected] •    (720) 963‐3222 office •   (720) 545‐4367 cell

Source of Images: Isebrands, Google Earth, Isebrands

Clearwater, FL MnDOT

FSU