+May 3, 2016

Objective:To create a model of the cell

membraneTo explain the structure of the cell

membraneJournal: What does it mean to have a

phobia of something? What is an example of a phobia?

+Key Terms

What do you think are the definitions of the following words?HydrophobicHydrophilic

+Key Terms Defined

Hydrophobic: Molecules repel and try to stay away

from waterHydrophilic:

Molecules are attracted to and tend to be found next to water

+PhospholipidsThe structure of the phospholipid

molecule generally consists of two nonpolar hydrophobic tails and a polar hydrophilic head.

+Cell Membrane Structure

Phospholipids form a Phospholipid BilayerPhosphate groups =

outside Fatty acid tails = middle

Occurs because of the locations of the water

+Structure Determines Function The cell membrane structure helps it

regulate what can and cannot pass through the phospholipid bilayer because it is selectively permeable

+What can pass through the membrane?

Small, nonpolar substances pass through directly

+Other Ways to Pass Through the Phospholipid BilayerMembrane proteins to allow specific

substances across the membrane at specific times

Membrane proteins can be found on top of or within the phospholipid bilayer

+Types of Membrane Proteins

+Receptor Proteins

Found on the outside of your cellsSense surroundings by binding

substances outside the cell

+Cell-Surface Proteins

Similar to a nametagIdentify each type of cell

+Transport Proteins

Allows certain necessary substances that cannot pass through the cell membrane into and out of the cell

+Transport ProteinsChannel Proteins: Serve as a tunnel

that allow SPECIFIC substances throughCarrier Proteins: bind specific

substances on one side of the cell membrane, changes shape and allows the substance out on the other side of the cell membrane

+

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LKN5sq5dtW4

+May 4, 2016 Objectives:

To differentiate between osmosis and diffusion

To describe how molecules can move down a concentration gradient

Journal: What types of molecules can move directly

through the cell membrane?

+Cell Transport

+Passive Transport Vocabulary

EquilibriumConcentrationConcentration GradientDiffusion

+Types of Transport

Passive TransportActive Transport

+Passive Transport

When substances diffuse across the cell membrane down their concentration gradient

+Types of Passive Transport

Simple DiffusionFacilitated DiffusionOsmosis

+Simple Diffusion

Substances pass directly through the phospholipids from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentrationSmall, nonpolar substances only

+

+Facilitated DiffusionSubstances that cannot pass directly

through the membrane diffuse through protein channels

+OsmosisFacilitated diffusion of

water through aquaporins

Allows the cell to maintain water balance

+Predicting Water MovementThe direction the water moves depends

on the concentration of the cell’s environment

+HypertonicWater moves out of the cell so the cell

shrinksThere is more solute outside the cell

than inside the cell

+HypotonicWater moves inThere is more solute inside the cell

than outside the cellCell gains water and expands

+Isotonic

There is the same concentration of water inside the cell and outside the cell

Equilibrium is reachedCell stays the same size

+May 6, 2016Objectives:

To differentiate passive transport from active transport

To describe how active transport moves molecules

Journal:How is active different than passive?

+Active TransportTransport of substances against their

concentration gradientsRequires energy (ATP)Uses carrier proteins

+Sodium-Potassium Pump Three sodium ions are pumped out of the cell

for every two potassium ions brought inside Requires energy Prevents sodium from building up inside the

cell, which would cause the cell to burst due to osmosis bringing in too much water

+Endocytosis

The movement of large substances into a cell using a vesicle

The cell membrane forms a pouch around the substance that closes and then pinches off inside the cellPinocytosis: also known as cellular

drinking, engulfing liquid particlesPhagocytosis: engulfing solid particles

+ExocytosisThe movement of

large substances out of a cell using a vesicle

Vesicles inside the cell fuse with the cell membrane and are released outside the cell

Used to remove waste products