Female Reproductive SystemFemale Reproductive System

http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/body_basics/female_reproductive_system.html

Label the picture: Ovary, Egg, Endometrium, Cervix, Uterus, Fallopian Tubes, Vagina

Ovary Egg

Endometrium

CervixUterus

Fallopian tubes

Vagina

OvariesOvaries

OvariesOvaries

1. On what day of the menstrual cycle does ovulation occur?2. What happens to the follicle during the first 14 days?

3. What happens to the follicle during the last 14 days?

Day 14th.

The follicle develops and the cells surroundings the egg enlarge

The follicle turns yellow (Corpus Luteum) and desintegrate

http://www.msnbc.com/news/wld/graphics/menstrual_cycle_dw.htm

2. The Endometrium

The endometrium is a thick, soft lining of the uterus wall made up of tissue and blood.

The lining contained nutrients that would be needed to nourish a growing baby if pregnancy was to occur.

2. How does the endometrium (uterus lining) change over the menstrual cycle?

1. What is the endometrium?

ThicknessOfEndometrium

The endometrium is a thick, soft lining of the uterus wall made up of blood tissue and mucus

During the first 5 days the lining of the uterus breaks down. Blood tissue, mucus and the unfertilized egg are discharged through the vaginaAfter that, the lining of the uterus thickens until day 14th, in preparation for receiving a fertilized egg.The endometrium stays thick until day 28th.

3. On what day(s) of the cycle the menstruation occur? Days 1 through 5

6. Where are FSH & LH produced?

7. Where are Estrogen & Progesterone released?8. Compare the hormones levels of LH, FSH, estrogen & progesterone. What do FSH & LH have in common?

What do estrogen & progesterone have in common? How are they different?

They are released in the brain

They are released in the ovary

They show the same pattern, with a peak on day 14th

Their pattern looks like a hill. Estrogen highest level occurs just before day 14th progesterone highest level occurs after day 14th.

1. On what day do FSH & LH reach the maximum concentrations? 2. What is happening with regard to the ovary at this point? 3. On what day does estrogen reach the maximum concentrations?  4. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point?  5. On what day does progesterone reach the maximum concentrations? 6. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point?  7. What roles do progesterone & estrogen play in the menstrual cycle? 8. What roles do FSH & LH play in the menstrual cycle?

1. On what day do FSH & LH reach the maximum concentrations?

2. What is happening with regard to the ovary at this point?

 3. On what day does estrogen reach the maximum concentrations?  

4. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point?  

Just before day 14th.

Ovulation: The egg is released from the ovary to the fallopian tubes

Endometrium thickens and develops new tissue

From day 10th to 13th.

7. What roles do progesterone & estrogen play in the menstrual cycle?

 

8. What roles do FSH & LH play in the menstrual cycle?

6. What is happening with regard to the endometrium at this point?

The endometrium is prepared to received a fertilized egg

FSH & LH develop and mature the primary follicle, and they cause ovulation

Progesterone & estrogen thicken and develop the endometrium

5. On what day does progesterone reach the maximum concentrations?

During the last 14 days

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Menstrual CycleMenstrual Cycle

Slide 16.38

Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Once puberty is reached, female begins a regular cycle of about 28 days.

An egg is release at about day 14 (ovulation) Estrogen and progesterone prepare the lining of

the uterus Progesterone maintains the uterine lining

throughout pregnancy. If an egg is not fertilized, the levels of estrogen

and progesterone decrease, and the lining of the uterus breaks down. (Menstruation)

A temporary suspension of the menstrual cycle normally occurs during pregnancy

The permanent cessation of the menstrual cycle is known as menopause

Graph A: Hormones From Pituitary Gland

FSH Concentration (units/mL)

20 80 15 60 10 40 5 20 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

Day of Cycle

Graph B: Sex Hormones from Ovary 250 200 20

150 15

100 10

50 5

0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

Day of Cycle

FSH

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LH

Con

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Est

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Pro

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Phases of the menstrual cycle

FSH hormone level

LH hormone level

Estrogen hormone level

Progesterone hormone level

What happens in the ovary?

What happens in the uterus?