Field Testing Series Comp Line Protection Scheme

7/24/2019 Field Testing Series Comp Line Protection Scheme

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11/25/15

Overcoming the Difficulties in Field Testing

Series Compensated Line Protection Schemes

68th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers

Tx A&

!enton "an#iver $$$% Alexan#er Aostolov

'$CR'( electronics Cor )*A



Agenda (without Time Information A+E(,A

- $ntro#uction

- Tra#itional Test etho#s

- etho# Analysis an# *olutions

- Re.ote Test ,evices via (etor0

- *eries Co. Case *tu#y

- *u..ary / Conclusions

Page 2

e



Introduction

*eries caacitors alie# to long " trans.ission lines is a roven

technology for re#ucing the transfer reactance an# increasing loa#a3ility

The 0non si#e affect is the effective shortening of the aarent line

length% .a0ing tra#itional #istance rotection .ore challenging to aly

securely

This .eans the testing of these sche.es is li0eise co.licate#

,istance relays i.le.ent secial sche.es for *eries Co.ensate#Protection #een#ing on the status of the caacitors 3eing 4in or out

They also utilie various signal filters for the transients that are generate#

Proving these sche.es has re7uire# ETP level #igital .o#els to roerly

generate the internal an# external fault avefor.s

ull fiel# testing of these sche.es tyically re7uire# extensive use of EtoE

C'TRA,E test cases an# .anual analysis9

:e use a case stu#y of a ;<50" *C =ine to evaluate i.roving the test

.etho# an# re#ucing the effort to erfor. the nee#e# tests

Page ;



Common Test !ethods

Local "ela# In$ection % Test Cases &ased on') *enchtest approach using manuall# calculated +uantities

,) Software &ased calculations of these same &asic +uantities-) Software . /ardware simulation with test set simulating remote

rela# and communications channel operations

0nd to 0nd Testing 1 Test Cases &ased on'2) Software . /ardware simulation with t#pical se+uencer tool and

3PS s#nc4) Software . /ardware simulation with t#pical two ended fault

model and 3PS s#nc

5) Software . /ardware simulation using CO!T"AD0 pla#&ac6 of

0!TP test cases and 3PS s#nc

Lab Based Tests – Test Cases based on:

7. EMTP/ATP system model and transient fault simulation

generated COMTA!E e"ents

#. eal Time $imulator system model and transient fault simulation



Traditional Field Test !ethods

For field testing of Series Compensated Line Protection the

most common approach is to segregate the testing into two

categories'

Series Capacitors *#passed- The protection scheme should react the same as a normal line- Testing can t#picall# &e accomplished with normal fault

simulations- Local rela# in$ections should result in t#pical non%comm trip

operations- 0nd to 0nd tests should result in normal scheme coordination

times

Series Capacitors 7 Scheme In Service- Almost e8clusive use of CO!T"AD0 files for 0nd to 0nd tests- Test Cases are a su&set of those used in 0!TP.ATP or "eal Time

Simulator testing



Challenges of Traditional Field Test !ethods

If we want to cover a reasona&le spread of test cases9 then we

could re+uire testing at %,:;9 :;9 4:;9 <:;9 ,:; of Line

Length each for A%=9 *%C9 A*C fault t#pes) And this might &ee8tended to include CA%= and A*C%= faults if crucial to 6now)

For the Series Capacitors *#passed Test Cases (4%,4- !anual calculations are tedious for the a&ove num&er of test

cases and prone to error - T#pical two ended models are ade+uate and more consistent- Simulation should include DC offset for closer operate times

For one Series Capacitor 7 Scheme In Service (4%,4- CO!T"AD0 files from La& Testing should &e availa&le

- Organi>ation9 file naming9 correct se+uencing9 recording of eventlogs9 reporting and anal#sis of results are re+uired for the test

cases defined)

Time s#nc for the 0nd to 0nd testing re+uires 6nowledge9 setup9

monitoring9 and constant coordination &etween the terminals)



Field Testing 1 ?hat Could 3o ?rong@

If #ou &elieve in !urph#))))

- As>3uilt issues ?i9e9 #ifferent CT@s%- *u3stitution of a "T for a C"T% or ratio co.ensation- Te.orary sitching of circuits here the reare# test

cases #o not aly%- Change in test e7ui.ent use#% ?oerational range- Physical +P* setu issues ?antenna% ca3ling% #istance- anoer exerience issues%

- Protection #evice failures/su3stitutions%- Protection ,evice fir.are ugra#es% an#- =ast .inute setting changesB



Test !ethod Improvements

$f one i#entifies the .aor issues in the rocesses use#

e shoul# 3e a3le to also i#entify otential solutions9:hat if e coul#9999

- si.lify the ti.e sync chores D lug>n>lay- rovi#e a single oint of test execution an# control for .ultile

ter.inals- easily #etect an# a#at #ifferent test e7uie.ent- i.rove the si.ulation .o#el to han#le *eries Co.

co.onents- rovi#e auto.atic coor#ination of the En# to En# test

inections- easily a#at any syste. ara.eters or aaratus changes- auto.atically collect test results fro. 3oth ter.inals- inclu#e ass/fail criteria for each test case execute# so

assess.ent is auto.atic- consoli#ate reorting for 3oth ter.inals


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0,0 1 Traditional Setup



Case Stud# of Compensation to Triggers

Page 1G


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)sing PTP #irectly in the test 0it e.3e##e# syste. allos several

0ey a#vantagesH- Eli.ination of extra har#are ?3oth external an# internal- Precise internal cloc0 synch ?I/> G92u* to external source- *i.lifie# alication softare

"eplace traditional Porta&le 3PS with PTP

Jey A#vantages of PTP Porta3le cloc0H- ,irect Ethernet connection- Ti.e loc0 to I/> 2GG nanosecon#s- (o oer suly nee#e# ?PoE- Auto 3oot an# *ync

- ;GG. caa3le lea# length


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Leverage !odern =etwor6s 1 pgrade PC Apps

)tility Ethernet netor0s or si.ilar syste.s li0e )T* can

rovi#e for easy re.ote access% ugra#ing the test 0it

co..unications syste. allos several 0ey a#vantagesH- )se co..on TTP ?yertext Transfer Protocol traffic- *ecure re.ote control D roxy a ith co#e/assor#- Exchange of test #ata/results D .ini.u. #elay- *ingle oint of control ?aster PC D ease of use

=ocal Re.ote



Page 1;

Leverage !odern =etwor6s 1 pgrade PC App

Jey A#vantages of flexi3le syste. .o#elH

- o#el any syste. configuration- Aaratus lace.ent flexi3ility- onitor no.inal syste. values- onitor fault values anyhere- ,efine relay sche.e resonse- Easy .o#ification of ara.eters



Page 1<

POTT Scheme "esults 1 !easure Propogation Dela#



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Series Comp Case Stud#

$n or#er to .a0e a fair co.arison it as i.ortant to fin# a recently

co..issione# *eries Co. =ine that as fully #ocu.ente#9 The hostutility is very exerience# in *eries Co. Protection an# testing9 The

su3ect ;<50" line ha# series caacitors at 3oth en#s an# ha# ust gone

through 3oth an extensive ETP la3 test an# fiel# co..issioning9 All test

files an# results lus the #ulicate la3 setu ere availa3le9

The case stu#y oul# involve the folloingH- )se the sa.e la3 relays an# P'TT sche.e ith original *C settings- Ti.e all test stes to co.are to the recor#e# co..issioning log- !uil# the .o#el 4on site ith the si.ulation tool an# #ata rovi#e#- Perfor. a verification of syste. values at #efine# 0non test oints- Perfor. testing for each oerational toology .atching ETP TC@sH

19 (o series caacitors% 3oth en#s 3yasse# ?;5 TC@s29 =ocal en# series co. in service ?15 TC@s

;9 Re.ote en# series co. in service ?15 TC@s

<9 !oth en#s series co. in service ?;G TC@s

- Co.are all results for accuracy an# efficiencies- Pro#uce a co.ara3le final reort



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!uil#ing the *C o#el onsite re7uire# the folloing stesH

- )se the syste. #ata to #efine the *ources% =ine% *eries Ca !an0%

CT@s an# C"T@s

- ,efine the Relay Protection *che.e ?< Kone P'TT

- o#ify the grahical .o#el of the li3rary series co. exa.le

- C"T@s relocate# to line si#e of *C@s

- Revise *ource 1 & 2 to inclu#e 2GL reverse line i.e#ance

=i3rary *C Exa.le



Page 1M


o#el (otesH

- The *eries Caacitor .o#el o.its the varistor an# active sar0 ga Dthis li.its the transient si.ulation of these varia3les9

- The CT an# "T/C"T .o#els are not transient either D this too li.its the

overall transient avefor. si.ulation9

- The sar0 ga can 3e si.ulate# ith .anual test cases after verifying

hich faults oul# 3e suffcient to cause the. to fire9

inal *C o#el



Page 18


Test Case Co.arisons

(o *eries co. A>( N 5GL ==

"erifie# ETP files Prefault%

ault% ,C offset% ax currents

for 3oth ter.inals

*i.ulator tool .atche# to FF9FL

of analogs

Correct relay sche.e oerations



Page 1F



=ocal En# ?PP *eries Co.%

;Ph>( ault N FGL == ?f=E


ault% ,C offset% ax currents for

3oth ter.inals

*i.ulator tool .atche# to FF985L

of analogs




Page 2G



Re.ote En# ?+ *eries Co.%

Ph>Ph ault N 1GL == ?f=E


ault% ,C offset% ax currents for

3oth ter.inals

*i.ulator tool .atche# to

FF9M5L of analogs




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Re.ote En# ?+ *eries Co.%

;Ph ault N 1GL == ?f=E


ault% ,C offset% ax currents

for 3oth ter.inals

*i.ulator tool .atche# to

FF955L of analogs




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0!TP vs Field Simulator Tool

Co.aring results fro. start to finishH

- The si.ulator tool as co.ara3le for 8F of F5 fiel# test cases9 ?F;9ML- o#el accuracy for calculate# values average# FF98L of ETP values9- $f test cases ere li.ite# to nor.al co..issioning suite% ?6G tests the

si.ulator tool oul# satisfy 1GGL of fiel# testing re7uire.ents9- Continue# .o#el i.rove.ent an# a##ing transient aaratus resonse

ill close the si.ulation ga for the fe 0non #eficiencies9

!ase# on utility #ocu.entation% .an>hours re7uire# for the tra#itional ETP

.o#el #esign% C'TRA,E files generation% fiel# setu of the test

e7ui.ent% coor#ination of the test execution% event/log file #onloa#s% an#

ost analysis of co.aring the C'TRA,E files to event files an# final

reort generation account for 1G #ays for ; TE@s9 ?;G .an>#ays

The si.ulator tool tests erfor.e# re7uire# ; .an>#ays to setu% execute%

analye% an# reort9 That reresents a savings of FGL9



4 min

, min

: min

2 min

4 min

min:)4 h

B h

Conclusions

Page 2;

=everaging netor0 co..unication technologies an#

recision ti.e fro. PTP ith a .o#ern softare

alication oens a lot of ne ossi3ilities in the fiel#

testing of co.lex rotection syste.s9

- The tester can si.ulate fault scenarios fro. a single

integrate# alication an# calculate the inecte#7uantities for all ter.inals9

- +P* ti.e sources via PTP netor0s can 3e near

lug>n>lay for client test #evices% 3ri#ging even long

#istances into su3stations9- o3ile co.uters ith $nternet access in the fiel#

can 3e use# to control re.ote test #evices ithout

co.lex netor0 set>u9



4 min

, min

: min

2 min

4 min

min:)4 h

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Conclusions

Page 2<

- A single softare alication can control .ultile test

#evices via a netor0 connection% so that executing a

synchronie# shot is as si.le as for a single>

ter.inal test an# the results for all ter.inals are

availa3le i..e#iately after9

- urther i.rove# fiel# si.ulator .o#els can rovi#e

ETP 7uality tests for co.lex oer syste.

toologies9

- A central control% synchronie# si.ulator tool ithnetor0 access can rovi#e an or#er of .agnitu#e

re#uction in fiel# testing ti.e9



4 min

, min

: min

2 min

4 min

min:)4 h

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0STIO=S@

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Alexe

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Field Testing Series Comp Line Protection Scheme