Filter-Separator Vessel Manual

Velcon Filters, LLC. 1210 Garden of the Gods Road Colorado Springs, CO 80907

Phone: 719-531-5855 Facsimile: 719-531-5690 E-mail: [email protected] www.velcon.com

FILTER/SEPARATOR VESSEL MANUAL

WARNING

DO NOT PRESSURE TEST THIS VESSEL WITH AIR!

PRESSURE TESTING

WITH AIR IS A HAZARDOUS PROCEDURE!

THIS VESSEL IS TO BE

PRESSURIZED ONLY WITH THE LIQUID FOR WHICH IT IS INTENDED TO BE USED,

AND ONLY TO THE MAXIMUM DESIGN PRESSURE OF THE

VESSEL.

1755

TABLE OF CONTENTS General Description ........................................................................................................4

First Stage – Coalescer Cartridges ......................................................................4 Second Stage – Separator Cartridges .................................................................4

Installation Of Vessel ......................................................................................................5 Start Up Procedure .........................................................................................................6 Operating Information .....................................................................................................7

Coalescer Cartridges ...........................................................................................7 Separator Cartridges ............................................................................................7 Differential Pressure Readings .............................................................................7

Cartridge Change Or Inspection Procedure ....................................................................9 Sump Checks ............................................................................................................... 10 Cartridge Installation ..................................................................................................... 11

First Stage Coalescer Cartridges. ...................................................................... 11 Separator Cartridges. ......................................................................................... 13

Installation Instructions: Threaded Base Cartridges 09-101 (1921) ...................................................................... 15 Open-Ended Coalescers 09-867 (743) ........................................................................................... 16 SO Separator Cartridges 09-862 (725) .......................................................................... 18 Torque Requirements for Vessels (1935) ....................................................................... 19 Installing Tie Rods (2013) ............................................................................................... 20 APPENDIX - Related Data Sheets .............................................................................. 22 1215 Filter/Separator Function 2032 The Importance of Spiders 1801 Assembly Torque Recommendations 1732 Coalescer Cartridges 1415 Pressure Drop Curve Spent Coalescer Cartridges 1521 Separator Cartridges 1242 Maintenance Instructions TC Screen Separator 1923 Coalescer/Separator Cartridges for API/EI 1581 5th Edition

DISCLAIMER: This generic vessel manual is provided on the web for your information, with the understanding that each vessel manual sent out from Velcon is customized for the particular vessel, and contains accessory information not included in this document. This document makes reference to other pieces of literature, such as schematics and drawings that are added to the manual as needed depending on the vessel parameters.

1507-R5 09/11 PAGE 4

GENERAL DESCRIPTION The Velcon Filter/Separator that you have received consists of the vessel, first and second stage cartridges, and accessory equipment to meet your specific requirements. Descriptive literature covering the accessories is included near the back of this manual. Velcon Filter/Separators are manufactured to meet a variety of different end uses and specifications. The finest workmanship has gone into the building of this Velcon Filter/Separator. It is of no value, however, if cartridges are improperly installed or the unit is improperly operated. We urge you to read the manual carefully and follow the instructions given. A Velcon Filter/Separator is specifically designed to remove solid contaminants and water from the product. To accomplish this, the Filter/Separator is equipped with two types of cartridges through which the product passes in sequence. FIRST STAGE – COALESCER CARTRIDGES These cartridges have two functions. They filter solid contaminants out of the product and coalesce water into droplets. Any water present in the influent product is usually emulsified into tiny particles by the action of the pumps handling the product. The first stage cartridges coalesce these particles into droplets of sufficient size to settle out of the product rapidly. SECOND STAGE – SEPARATOR CARTRIDGES The function of the second stage cartridges is to repel coalesced water droplets that have not yet settled so that they are prevented from going downstream with the product. The water should be drained manually on a daily basis (automatic drain valves are not recommended). Proper provision for drainage of accumulated water is of key importance in the operation of any Filter/Separator. If the water level gets too high, either it will be carried downstream or cause shut-down of a system equipped with slug controls. The Filter/Separator shown in the appendix, Bulletin 1215, is a typical Vertical Model. Your Filter/Separator may be a Horizontal Model with the separator cartridges mounted above or opposite the coalescer cartridges. The operating principles are the same, however.

1507-R5 09/11 PAGE 5

INSTALLATION OF VESSEL 1. Identify the Filter/Separator inlet and outlet by the markings provided on the

vessel piping. The Filter/Separator must be installed in the correct direction of flow to perform properly and to avoid damage to the system.

2. INLET and OUTLET PIPING should be carefully aligned to avoid stressing the Filter/Separator connections during installation. Installation of shut-off valves on either side of the Filter/Separator is recommended so that it can be independently drained for cartridge change or inspection. CAUTION: STEPS 3 AND 4 SHOULD BE PERFORMED BEFORE REMOVING HINGE OR PIVOT MOUNTED COVER TO INSURE STABILITY OF THE FILTER/SEPARATOR.

3. Bolt the Filter/Separator to a stable base.

4. Carefully install correct gaskets on the inlet and outlet connections and connect to the inlet and outlet piping.

5. Connect any accessories that are not already installed. See Accessory Parts List and literature as required.

Note: If a system pressure test or system flush is required, it should be done prior to installing operating cartridges. Install flush cartridges, if required, per instructions on pages 11 and 12. Check the cover gasket for proper alignment, replace the cover and secure tightly. Refer to Torque Requirements for Vessel Closures Installation Instruction for appropriate torque values and tightening sequence. Pressure test and/or flush as required.

6. Cartridges are normally packed separately. Open the vessel cover and install cartridges as explained on pages 11 and 13 and as per enclosed element stack drawings.

7. Check the cover gasket for proper alignment, replace the cover and secure tightly. Refer to Torque Requirements for Vessel Closures Installation Instruction (#1935) for appropriate torque values and tightening sequence

8. NOTE: FILTER/SEPARATORS MUST BE PROVIDED WITH PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES TO INSURE THAT PRESSURE THAT DEVELOPS FROM THERMAL EXPANSION OF THE FUEL, DUE TO TEMPERATURE INCREASES, WILL NOT DAMAGE THE VESSEL WHEN THE SYSTEM IS NOT OPERATING.

9. NOTE: Means to vent air and drain this vessel must be installed prior to operation. If not provided with the vessel, install, as a minimum, a manual vent valve at the top of the vessel and manual drain valve at the bottom of the main compartment It is also suggested to install a drain valve at the bottom of the dirty fuel compartment..

1507-R5 09/11 PAGE 6

START UP PROCEDURE

If the Velcon Filter/Separator has the accessories listed below, they should be placed in the following positions:

1. Close all manual drain valves.

2. If the vessel has an automatic air eliminator with an isolation valve below it, open the isolation valve. If not, open the manual vent valve.

3. The valves at the inlet and outlet piping to and from the vessel should be closed.

For information on operation of accessories, turn to the Accessory Instructions in the back of the manual.

After the valves have been positioned as outlined, the unit is ready to be filled.

The following operating instructions can be used for initial start-up and for subsequent start-ups after installation of replacement cartridges or servicing of the unit.

1. Start the system pump.

2. Slightly open the inlet valve, allowing the Filter/Separator to slowly fill with fluid. (Take about 10 – 15 minutes to fill the vessel to eliminate the possibility of an internal fire.)

3. If the unit is equipped with a manual vent valve, leave the valve cracked open until the fluid flows from the opening; then close quickly.

4. If equipped with an automatic air eliminator, the unit is filled when the air eliminator stops flowing air. When the Velcon Filter/Separator is filled with fluid, fully open the inlet valve, and slowly open the outlet valve.

5. When the unit is in operation, take a differential pressure reading and record the reading. The differential pressure (∆ P) should be between 1 and 10 psi depending on the purchase specification. If there is no ∆ P, the system should be shut down and the Filter/Separator inspected for broken seals or possibly cartridges left out. See Differential Pressure Readings on Page 7.

1507-R5 09/11 PAGE 7

OPERATING INFORMATION

Below are the Velcon recommendations for operating procedures. Your Company Maintenance and/or Quality Control procedures may provide alternate instructions on these matters.

1. COALESCER CARTRIDGES should be changed in accordance with one of the following (whichever comes first):

A. When the differential pressure reaches the level specified on the cover page of this manual.

B. After an operating period of one year if the recommended differential pressure limit has not been reached.

C. Whenever effluent product is hazy.

2. SEPARATOR CARTRIDGES should be inspected and cleaned or changed in accordance with Separator Cartridge instructions on page 13.

3. DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE READINGS Differential pressure is the difference between the pressures upstream and downstream of the Filter/Separator. Differential pressure increases when contaminant is filtered by the first stage coalescers and causes flow restriction. Readings should be taken when the system is flowing at maximum capacity. * If the Filter/Separator is equipped with a direct reading differential pressure gauge, the reading shown on the gauge is the differential pressure across the Filter/Separator. If the Filter/Separator is equipped with a pressure gauge and a selector valve, use the following procedure for determining differential pressure:

A. Turn the handle one way and record the pressure reading.

B. Turn the handle the other way (90° or 180°, depending on the type of valve) and record the pressure reading.

C. Subtract the lower reading from the higher reading to determine differential pressure. (The higher reading is inlet pressure.)

*For differential pressure taken at less than maximum flow rate see Bulletin 1415 in this manual.

1507-R5 09/11 PAGE 8

NOTE: If this Filter/Separator is installed on mobile equipment, the pressure gauge has probably been supplied and installed by the Vehicle Builder and may require a different procedure for determining differential pressure. If there is no pressure gauge listed in the Accessory Parts List of the manual, check other operating literature supplied by the Vehicle Builder for alternate instructions.

Differential pressure readings should be taken at least once during every operating week and more frequently in high throughput installations or when the differential is increasing rapidly. Records of the differential pressure and throughput should be maintained to determine when cartridges should be changed.

A sudden drop in pressure differential is an indication of a possible problem. Check first to be sure that readings were taken at equivalent flow rates. If so, shut the system down, open the Filter/Separator, and inspect for the following:

a. Ruptured cartridges. Check to see if any of the coalescers are ruptured as indicated by the outer sock cover having a ballooned appearance.

b. Ruptured O-ring seals. Check to see that all O-ring seals and gaskets are in place and have the same alignment as when the cartridges and parts were installed.

c. Broken end plates. Inspect all of the end plates of the cartridges.

d. If any of the above are observed, check the system for possible hydraulic shock conditions. If the system is not provided with adequate surge controls, the sudden start-up of a high-pressure pump can create extremely high shock loads that may exceed the design of these components.

It is possible to get a reduction in pressure differential without a failure as indicated above. This occurs if dry product has been handled for a long period of time and contaminant build-up is in the primary filtration layers of the coalescer cartridge. If wet product hits this contaminant build-up it will break up the large agglomerated particles into small individual particles and penetrate deeper into the cartridge. This will cause a drop in the pressure differential, but in no case should it go below the pressure differential recorded when the cartridges were installed.

1507-R5 09/11 PAGE 9

CARTRIDGE CHANGE OR INSPECTION PROCEDURE

A. Shut off the pump.

B. Turn off the electric heater if the Filter/Separator is equipped with one.

C. Close the inlet and outlet pipe valves.

D. Open the drain valve and remove the product from the Filter/Separator

NOTE: ON VERTICAL VESSELS WITH 2 DRAIN VALVES, DRAIN COMPLETELY FROM THE MAIN COMPARTMENT (WATER DRAIN) VALVE, THEN A FEW GALLONS FROM THE INLET COMPARTMENT (DIRTY DRAIN) VALVE.

E. Open the manual top air vent valve. This will permit the unit to drain.

F. Open the cover and inspect the cover gasket – replace the gasket if it is damaged.

G. Remove coalescer and separator spiders and their associated hardware and set to one side for re-installation.

H. Remove coalescer cartridges for cartridge change and discard or dispose of in an appropriate manner. Remove, inspect, and clean the separator cartridges in accordance with separator cartridge instructions on page 13.

I. Wipe off with a clean lint free rag or wash down with clean fuel any foreign matter from the vessel interior and from the spiders.

J. Install the cartridges and spiders in accordance with instructions on pages 11 and 13.

CAUTION: FAILURE TO INSTALL SPIDERS CAN RESULT IN POOR VESSEL PERFORMANCE AND INTERNAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION FROM STATIC DISCHARGE

K. Check the cover gasket for integrity and alignment, replace the cover, and secure tightly. Refer to Torque Requirements for Vessel Closures Installation Instruction (#1935) for appropriate torque values and tightening sequence. The Filter/Separator is now ready for the start-up procedure.

1507-R5 09/11 PAGE 10

SUMP CHECKS

Whether or not the Filter/Separator is equipped with an automatic drain valve, the sump should be manually drained on a regular basis to remove any collected water. This should be done at least once each operating day and more often if required to prevent water carryover. Aircraft Fueling Regulations will govern the frequency of sump checks for into-aircraft equipment. Draining or sump sampling at maximum practical flow should preferably be done while there is fuel flowing though the vessel, or at least when the vessel is pressurized. This will provide velocity to remove collected water from any flat surfaces to the drain valve, and will also prevent air from entering the vessel. Carefully open the drain valve as far as possible without causing spillage. Drain off into a white bucket or other suitable container until all water is removed and clean, dry fuel is obtained. Even small quantities of water should be kept drained from kerosene or diesel products to prevent microbial growth at the fuel/water interface. Perform appropriate fuel appearance tests of the drained sample and record all findings. Remove the vessel from service if unable to obtain clean, dry fuel. Report any unusual contamination to aircraft operators if it is anticipated that such contamination may impact aircraft operations.

NOTE: VELCON DOES NOT RECOMMEND, WARRANTEE, OR SELL AUTOMATIC DRAIN VALVES. They do not completely drain the water from the sump and they malfunction too often resulting in costly fuel spills and subsequent environmental problems.

1507-R5 09/11 PAGE 11

CARTRIDGE INSTALLATION

Cartridges, aluminum spiders, and mounting hardware are not normally shipped installed. If they are shipped installed, insure cartridges and spiders are secure and were not loosened in shipment. Follow the instructions below for subsequent cartridge changes and inspections. See also the drawings at the back of the manual for the arrangement of internal hardware. If they are not installed, locate the cartridges, spiders and mounting hardware.

1. FIRST STAGE COALESCER CARTRIDGES. Your Filter/Separator is supplied with either threaded base or open-ended type coalescers depending on the purchase specification. The threaded base type has threads on one end and a blind cap on the other end. Open-end coalescers are open at both ends. Open the shipping carton and break open the polyethylene bag at one end (the threaded end of threaded base cartridges) and slide the bag back a few inches. Leave the bag on the cartridge for handling purposes during installation. AVOID TOUCHING THE OUTER SOCK MATERIAL WITH YOUR HANDS OR ANY GREASY MATERIALS.

A. Threaded Base Coalescers.

(1) Thread each coalescer by hand onto the adapter that is installed in the vessel until you feel the gasket seat on the adapter knife-edge.

(2) Turn the cartridge with both hands until hand tight and slowly remove the polyethylene bag.

(3) After coalescers have been threaded securely in place, use a special Gammon Technical Products Inc. adapter (GTP-1224) on the square fittings on the ends of the coalescers to tighten to 30 ft-lbs. torque.

(4) Go to step Open End Coalescers step (6) below and continue.

B. Open End Coalescers

(1) Insure tie rods are securely mounted. If not installed, refer to Tie Rod Installation Instruction for details.

(2) Install coalescer cartridges carefully so that they seat around the pilot guides on the mounting adapters.

(3) Slowly remove polyethylene bags and install the end seal plates on tie rods and coalescers.

1507-R5 09/11 PAGE 12

(4) Install rubber gasket (P/N G-0305), flat washer (P/N K06), lock washer (P/N K05), and nut (P/N K07)on each tie rod, in that order.

(5) Hand tighten the nuts and then use a wrench to tighten it to 5 ft-lbs. torque. DO NOT OVERTORQUE.

(6) Place one large diameter flat washer (P/N K08) over each threaded stud on threaded base coalescers or over tie rod of open end coalescers( P/N K87)

(7) If initial installation, thread a 3/8” nut (P/N K07) over each coalescer spider mounting stud and spin down to approximately the end of the coalescer. Slip a 3/8” flat washer (P/N K06) over each mounting stud and locate atop the nut.

(8) Install the coalescer spider over the coalescer studs or tie rods and over the coalescer spider mounting studs and push down as far as possible. If initial installation, adjust the nuts on the coalescer spider mounting studs upward until the flat washer contacts the underside of the spider.

(9) Install another flat washer (P/N K08 or K87) on each coalescer stud or tie rod atop the spider. Install spider hold down nuts on each coalescer stud (use P/N K02) or tie rod (use P/N K07) and tighten to 5 ft-lbs.

(10) At each spider mounting stud, install a flat washer (P/N K06), then a lock washer (P/N K05) and finally a hex nut (P/N K07) and tighten to 5 ft-lbs.

(11) Inspect installation of coalescers and spider to verify that the coalescers are equally spaced and not in contact with other cartridges or the vessel walls. Adjust accordingly. Failure to do so may result in poor water removal efficiency.

CAUTION: FAILURE TO INSTALL SPIDERS CAN RESULT IN POOR VESSEL PERFORMANCE OR INTERNAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION FROM ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE

1507-R5 09/11 PAGE 13

2. SEPARATOR CARTRIDGES. Your Filter/Separator will be supplied with either Teflon® coated screen, synthetic, or paper media separators depending on the purchase specifications. Separator cartridges should be removed inspected, cleaned, or replaced at the same time the coalescer cartridges are changed.

A. Teflon® Coated Separators are designed for re-use with proper maintenance. Synthetic media separators can be cleaned and re-used a maximum of 2 times. See the enclosed Bulletin No. 1242.

B. Paper Separator Cartridges should be replaced after one year of operation or if contaminant or discoloration is observed on the media. Replace both paper separator and coalescer cartridges if effluent fuel is hazy. Follow the same unpacking procedure as outlined above for the coalescer cartridges. Break the polyethylene bag end open but leave the bag in place for handling during installation. DO NOT TOUCH THE SURFACE OF THE SEPARATOR MEDIA.

(1) Insure tie rods are securely mounted. Refer to Tie Rod Installation Instruction for installation details if required.

(2) Install separator cartridges carefully so that they seat around the pilot guides on the mounting adapters.

(3) Slowly remove polyethylene bags.

(4) On horizontal vessels, rotate the separators so that the overlap seams will not trap water.

(5) Install separator cartridge hold down hardware as follows;

(a) If the separator cartridge has integral end caps, locate separator seal nut (P/N K20A), verify the O-Ring (P/N G-1089) is in place in the groove then thread down onto tie rod. Verify the o-ring contacts the cartridge; adjust the tie rod if required. Tighten to 5 ft-lbs. Slip 5/8” flat washer (P/N K18) over separator seal nut. Repeat for all separators.

(b) If the separator cartridge has open end caps, slip end seal cap over the tie rod and guide into the opening in the end of the cartridge. Make sure the guide slips down inside the cartridge and the knife edge contacts the cartridge’s gasket. Install rubber seal washer (P/N G-0305), flat washer (P/N K06), lock washer (P/N K05) and nut (P/N K07) on tie rod, in that order, and tighten nut to 5 ft-lbs. Slip large flat washer (P/N K08) over the tie rod, atop the nut. Repeat for each separator.

1507-R5 09/11 PAGE 14

(6) If initial installation, thread a 3/8” nut (P/N K07) over each separator spider mounting stud and spin down to approximately the end of the separator cartridge. Slip a 3/8” flat washer (P/N K06) over each spider mounting stud and locate atop the nuts.

(7) Install the separator spider over the separator tie rods or seal nuts and over the separator spider mounting studs and push down as far as possible. If initial installation, adjust the nuts on the separator spider mounting studs upward until the flat washer contacts the underside of the separator spider.

(8) Install another large flat washer (P/N K18 or K08) over each separator tie rod or seal nut. Install a spider hold down nut over the seal nut (use P/N K19) on the tie rod (use P/N K07) and tighten down to 5 ft-lbs.

(9) At each separator spider mounting stud install a flat washer (P/N K06), a lock washer (P/N K05) and a nut (P/N K07) and tighten to 5 ft-lbs.

(10) Inspect completed separator hardware installation and verify the separators are equally spaced and do not contact other cartridges or the vessel walls. Adjust accordingly. Failure to do so may result in poor water removal efficiency.

CAUTION: FAILURE TO INSTALL SPIDERS CAN RESULT IN POOR VESSEL PERFORMANCE OR INTERNAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION FROM ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE.

USE ONLY VELCON FILTERS LLC CARTRIDGES IN THIS FILTER/SEPARATOR. VELCON CANNOT WARRANT PERFORMANCE IF ANY OTHER MANUFACTURER’S CARTRIDGES ARE USED.

To reorder cartridges and replacement parts or to obtain further information contact your Velcon Filters, LLC representative

Or VELCON FILTERS, LLC

1210 Garden of the Gods Road Colorado Springs, CO 80907-3410

Phone: 719-531-5855 Fax: 719-531-5690

E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.velcon.com

1921-R4 07/09P/N 09-101©2010 Velcon Filters, LLC

Due to Velcon Filters, LLC continuing product improvement, drawings, specifi cations, and pictures are subject to change without notice.

For information on recycling used fi lters, contact FILCare, 719-499-1379

INSTALLATION Instructions1210 Garden of the Gods Rd.

Colorado Springs, CO 80907Phone: (719) 531-5855 FAX: (719) 531-5690

email: [email protected] /web site: www.velcon.com

1. Turn off the pump. Close inlet and outlet valves to the housing.

2. Open the top vent and drain the housing through the bot-tom drain. Drain a few gallons out of the inlet compart-ment dirty drain if so equipped.

3. Loosen the bolts and swing away/remove the cover.4. Remove the spider (if installed); remove all cartridges.5. Inspect the inside of the housing and wipe it clean if

necessary.6. The cartridges are packaged in individual poly-bags (the

anti-static poly-bag protects the cartridge from being disarmed by handling, and prevents build up of static charge to cartridge). Cut the bag at the threaded base end and slide it back a few inches. DO NOT TOUCH THE OUTER SOCK/MEDIA.

7. Hold the cartridge with the poly-bag still protecting the cartridge or by the endcaps only if no bag and place it over the threaded base adapter. Screw on hand tight.

8. Remove the poly-bag SLOWLY from the cartridge after it is in place.

9. For 4 inch diameter cartridges, tighten to 15 ft-lbs of torque or hand tight. For 6 inch diameter cartridges, tighten to 30 ft-lbs of torque (about ¼-turn past hand tight). It is preferable to use a special Gammon Techni-cal Products part number GTP-1224 four-sided adapter to do this. (DO NOT touch the outer sock.)

10. Make sure that no poly-bags remain in the housing. (If spider is not included proceed to step #11.) Replace the spider as follows:

Install the fl at washer over each cartridge end and install the spider over the ends of the cartridges.Affi x the spider to the threaded clips on the vessel walls using the nut and lockwasher.Adjust the spider clip nuts, so the spider lies fl at on the ends of the cartridgesInstall the washer and nut over the ends of the car-tridges, to affi x the spider to the cartridge ends. Snug

•

•

•

•

THREADED BASE CARTRIDGES

the nuts. DO NOT TIGHTEN YET.Adjust the ends of each cartridge to create even separation between the cartridges and between the cartridge and vessel wall. Cartridges should NOT be touching each other, nor touching the vessel wall. The ends of the cartridges can be shifted within the spider plate holes as follows:

Cartridge Length

Shift Within the Spider Hole

Greater than 33"Full movement within

the spider hole30" Less than 5/8" (16 mm)28" Less than 9/16" (14 mm)24" Less than 1/2" (12 mm)22" Less than 1/2" (12 mm)20" Less than 3/8" (10 mm)18" Less than 3/8" (10 mm)16" Less than 1/4" (8 mm)14" Less than 1/4" (6 mm)11" Less than 1/4" (5 mm)9" Less than 3/16" (5 mm)

When the cartridges are spaced properly, tighten the spider nuts to 5 ft-lbs.

11. Inspect the cover gasket and replace it if necessary. Tighten the cover securely in a cross-pattern process.

12. Close the bottom drain valve and start the system pump.13. With the outlet valve closed, slightly open the inlet valve

and allow the vessel to fi ll SLOWLY with fuel until the air eliminator closes or fl uid begins to fl ow from the manual air vent. Close the vent valve. Fully open the inlet valve.

14. Open the outlet valve SLOWLY.15. When the unit is operating, check the differential pres-

sure across the cartridges. There should be indication of positive pressure, normally 1-5 psid. This insures that all seals have been properly made during the installation.

•

•

OPERATING PROCEDURES Velcon Recommended Cartridge Changeout

(Please also check with your company's fuel handling guidelines and operating procedures.)Coalescer Cartridges: One (1) year or 15 psid, whichever occurs fi rst

Filter Cartridges: Three (3) years or 25 psid, whichever occurs fi rst (INSPECT VESSEL ANNUALLY)

743-R12 05/09P/N 09-867

©2009 Velcon Filters, LLC Due to Velcon Filters, LLC continuing product improvement, drawings,specifications, and pictures are subject to change without notice. For information

on recycling used filters, contact FILCare, 719-499-1379

1210 Garden of the Gods Rd., Colorado Springs, CO 80907

Phone: (719) 531-5855 FAX: (719) 531-5690e-mail: [email protected] / web site: www.velcon.com

INSTALLATIONInstructions

OPEN-END SERIES COALESCER CARTRIDGES

1. Turn off the pump. Close inlet and outlet valves to the filter.2. Open the air eliminator or manual air vent valve and drain the vessel through the

bottom drain. Also drain a few gallons out of the inlet compartment "dirty" drain.3. Loosen the bolts and swing the cover back.4. Remove the spider (if installed) and then remove the old cartridges from the vessel.5. Cut the new cartridges' protective poly-bags at both ends.6. Holding the new cartridge with the poly-bag still protecting the cartridge, place it over

the tie rod. (The poly-bag protects the cartridge from being disarmed by handling.) Makesure the cartridge seats against the mounting adapter. DO NOT TOUCH THE OUTERSOCK.

7. Remove the poly-bag SLOWLY from the cartridge after it is properly seated.8. If open-end cartridges are stacked, insert a center spacer over the tie rod and seat it on

the cartridge just installed. Install next cartridge over the spacer as per step 6. Be surecartridge is properly seated.

9. Place the end seal plate over the rod and seat onto top of cartridge.10. Place the rubber gasket, flat washer, lock washer, and nut on the rod and tighten

down hand tight. (Use the new rubber gasket in the plastic bag supplied with thecartridge.)

11. Torque the nut to 5 ft-lbs. of torque (or until the rubber gasket starts to spread andcurl up). Repeat steps 5-11 until all cartridges are installed.

12. If supplied, install the spider plate over the ends of the cartridges. Before tightening boltsensure proper spacing between the cartridges. Cartridges should not touch each other orthe vessel wall. The ends of the cartridges can be shifted within the spider plates holes asfollows:

Cartridge Length Shift Within the Spider HoleGreater than 33" Full movement within the spider hole30" Less than 5/8" (16 mm)28" Less than 9/16" (14 mm)24" Less than 1/2" (12 mm)22" Less than 1/2" (12 mm)20" Less than 3/8" (10 mm)18" Less than 3/8" (10 mm)16" Less than 1/4" (8 mm)14" Less than 1/4" (6 mm)11" Less than 1/4" (5 mm)9" Less than 3/16" (5 mm) (cont'd on back)

13. Adjust the spider clip nuts, so the spider lies flat on the ends of the cartridges. When thecartridges are properly spaced, tighten the spider nuts to 5 ft-lbs.

14. Making sure no poly-bags remain in the vessel, replace cover and tighten securely.15. Close the bottom drain valve.16. Open the inlet valve slightly. Keep the outlet valve closed.17. Allow the filter to fill SLOWLY with the fuel until the air eliminator closes. If a manual air

vent is on the unit, allow to fill SLOWLY until fuel comes out of vent valve, then close thevent valve.

18. When vessel is full, open the inlet valve fully, then slowly open the outlet valve.19. While the unit is operating, check the pressure drop across the elements. There should be

some indication of a positive pressure, normally 1-5 psid. This insures that all seals have beenproperly made during the installation.

OPERATING PROCEDURESVelcon Recommended Cartridge Changeout

(Also refer to your company guidelines)Filter Cartridges: 1 year or 15 psid, whichever occurs first

725-R15 11/10P/N 09-862

©2010 Velcon Filters, LLC Due to Velcon Filters, LLC continuing product improvement, drawings, specifi cations, and pictures are subject to change without notice.

For information on recycling used fi lters, contact FILCare, 719-499-1379

INSTALLATION Instructions

1210 Garden of the Gods Rd. Colorado Springs, CO 80907

Phone: (719) 531-5855 FAX: (719) 531-5690email: [email protected] /web site: www.velcon.com

1. Close the inlet and outlet valves to the fi lter/separator vessel.

2. Open the air eliminator or manual vent valve and drain the vessel.

3. Open the vessel and remove the old separator cartridges.4. Cut the new cartridge's protective poly-bag at both ends.5 Holding the new cartridge with the poly-bag still protect-

ing the cartridge, place the cartridge over the tie-rod. (The poly-bag protects the cartridges from being disarmed by handling.) DO NOT TOUCH THE SEPARATOR ME-DIA. [Separators should be installed after the coalescers are installed, to prevent damage to the separators.]

6. Remove the poly-bag slowly from the cartridge after it is in place.

7. Place the end cap over the tie-rod. (Not needed on SO-3xxV, SO-4xxV, SO-6xxVA, SO-6xxV and SO-6xxPV separators which have blind end cap already affi xed.)

*8. Place the new fl at gasket over the tie rod. Discard the old gasket.

*9. Place the fl at washer, lock washer, and nut over the tie rod and tighten to 3-5 foot-pounds of torque. (Lockwasher will be fl at.)

10. Make sure separators are evenly spaced and not touching each other or the vessel wall by following these steps:

11. Make sure that no poly-bags remain in the housing, then replace the spider as follows:

Install the fl at washer over each cartridge end and install the spider over the ends of the cartridges.Affi x the spider to the threaded clips on the vessel walls using the nut and lockwasher.Adjust the spider clip nuts, so the spider lies fl at on the ends of the cartridgesInstall the washer and nut over the ends of the car-tridges, to affi x the spider to the cartridge ends. Snug the nuts. DO NOT TIGHTEN YET.

•

•

•

•

SO SEPARATOR CARTRIDGES Adjust the ends of each cartridge to create even separation between the cartridges and between the cartridge and vessel wall. Cartridges should NOT be touching each other, nor touching the vessel wall. The ends of the cartridges can be shifted within the spider plate holes as follows:

Cartridge LengthShift Within

the Spider Hole

Greater than 33" Full movement within the spider hole

30" Less than 5/8" (16 mm)28" Less than 9/16" (14 mm)24" Less than 1/2" (12 mm)22" Less than 1/2" (12 mm)20" Less than 3/8" (10 mm)18" Less than 3/8" (10 mm)16" Less than 1/4" (8 mm)14" Less than 1/4" (6 mm)11" Less than 1/4" (5 mm)9" Less than 3/16" (5 mm)

When the cartridges are spaced properly, tighten the spider nuts to 5 ft-lbs.

12. Inspect the cover gasket and replace it if necessary. Tighten the cover securely in a cross-pattern process.

13. Close the bottom drain valve and start the system pump.14. With the outlet valve closed, slightly open the inlet valve

and allow the vessel to fi ll SLOWLY with fuel until the air eliminator closes or fl uid begins to fl ow from the manual air vent. Close the vent valve. Fully open the inlet valve. Open the outlet valve SLOWLY.

15. When the unit is operating, check the differential pres-sure across the cartridges. There should be indication of positive pressure, normally 1-5 psid. This insures that all seals have been properly made during the installation.

16. See Form 1242 for Tefl on® Coated Screen Separator Cleaning Instructions.

•

•

PLEASE NOTE: The normal shelf life for pleated paper separators (for example, SO-xxxPLF3 and SO-6xxPLBZ) is ONE YEAR from the date of manufacture.

However, pleated paper separators can be used beyond the one year shelf life and will work properly providing they have been kept clean & dry, & stored in their original poly bags & boxes. Before installing pleated paper separators, closely examine

the separator media for any damage that may have occurred during storage or handling. Contact Velcon if you have any questions.

*As a recommended alternative to the fl at gasket, washers, and nut when using 3/8" diameter tie rods, Velcon offers part number K20A separator seal nut. This has an O-ring in its base to provide the seal. Tighten to 5 ft-lbs of torque.

1935-R1 09/11©2011 Velcon Filters, LLC

Bolted pressure vessel closuresoperate on the premise that the joint isclamped closed with a force sufficientto resist the internal pressure yet stillmaintain a seal. The clamping force,or pre-load, is applied by the closurebolts and its magnitude is controlledby the torque applied. Application ofthe correct preload is essential tomaintaining a positive seal andavoiding closure failures from fatigueor overstressed vessel components.

The short term, and most obviouseffect of grossly under-torqued boltsis insufficient clamping force resultingin a leaking closure. A more ominousresult of under-torqued bolts insystems which see a great number ofpressure cycles (such as refuelers,loading racks etc.), is bolt fatiguefailure. Repeated applications of stressto the bolt eventually create a smallcrack at the surface of the bolt whichcontinues to grow until the bolt breaksand the closure fails.

It is a good idea to re-torque theclosure bolts after they have been inuse for a month or so to ensure the jointhas not “relaxed” and the preloadreduced.

Over-torquing closure bolts will resultin breaking or bending vessel bolt clipsor actually breaking the bolt itself.Table One lists guideline torque

values for lubricated bolts for commonsizes used for vessel closures. Alwaysuse lubricated bolts, as this reduces therequired torque, improves torqueaccuracy, and retards corrosion.

A common cause of inaccurate bolttorque is inappropriate bolt torquingprocedures. Key elements to theprocedure are application of the torquein stages and in a specific cross-torquing sequence. For mostapplications, torque is applied to allbolts to 30% of full torque, then to allbolts to 60% of full torque, and finallyto all bolts to 100% of full torque.Each torquing cycle is carried out inthe applicable cross-torquingsequence. Torquing sequences varywith the number of bolts on the cover.

The tightening pattern is as follows:Tighten two bolts diametricallyopposite from each other, thentighten a second pair of bolts

diametrically opposite eachother, approximately 90 degreesaway from the first pair, and soon until all bolts have beentightened.

Using a clock as an example, thesequence would be:12, 6, 9, 3, 11, 5, 10, 4, 7, 1, 8, 2.

On large vessels, the cross-torquingprocess is tedious but the addition ofa second operator applying torqueimproves the situation vastly.

Correct closure torquing will result inmany years of trouble-free vesseloperation. Occasional inspections forbolt cracks or clip damage is goodpractice to detect possible closureproblems before they occur. Moredetailed or specific information onbolt torquing requirements andprocedures can be obtained by callingJim Head at (719) 528-7255.

1210 Garden of the Gods Rd, Colorado Springs, CO 80907Phone: (719) 531-5855 FAX: (719) 531-5690

E-mail: [email protected] / web site: www.velcon.com


TORQUE REQUIREMENTS FOR VESSELSWITH “O-RING CLOSURE”

*NOTE: These recommended torque values are only for vesselswith an O-Ring closure.

TABLE ONE*Bolt Diameter (inches) Recommended Torque (ft-lb)

1/2" 203/4" 451" 100

1-1/4" 1601-1/2" 260

2013 01/08©2008 Velcon Filters, Inc.


INSTALLING TIE RODS

1210 Garden of the Gods Rd., Colorado Springs, CO 80907Phone: (719) 531-5855 FAX: (719) 531-5690

e-mail: [email protected] / web site: www.velcon.com

VERTICAL OR HORIZONTAL OPEN ENDED CARTRIDGES WITH SPIDER PLATE:

1. Screw a nut on one end of the tie rod to about 2” from the end. (See note, bottom of page 2.)2. Slide a lock washer up against the nut on the shortened side of the tie rod.3. Slide a mounting adapter (on vessels with integral cast-in or welded-in mounting adapters, no

additional adapter is required) on the short side of the tie rod with the cartridge seal side facingthe nut and washer.

4. While holding the mounting adapter on the end of the rod, screw the short end of the tie rod intothe tie rod bar on the vessel. Screw in about one inch.

5. Install a cartridge over the tie rod and into place on the mounting adapter.6. If cartridges are stacked, install center spacers between cartridges.7. Place an end seal plate on the top or end of the cartridge (or cartridge stack) with the tie rod

extending out from the end seal plate tie rod hole.8. Adjust the tie rod by screwing it in or out until the amount extending beyond the end cap is

1-5/8”. Remove the cartridges, spacers, and caps.9. Screw the nut at the end of the tie rod down against the mounting adapter while preventing the

tie rod from turning.10. Tighten the nut to 5 foot pounds of torque.11. Install the other tie rods so that they extend out from the mounting adapters the same length as

the first rod.

HARDWARE

• Tie rods• Hardware (nuts, flat washers, lock

washers, seal nuts)• Cartridges• Mounting adapters• Center spacers• End caps

MOUNTING CONFIGURATIONS

• With spider• Without spider• With seal nut

REFERENCE MATERIAL

Form 1801- "Assembly Torque Recommendations"

VESSELS WITH TIE RODS

• Filter vessels• Clay vessels• Monitor vessels containing

6” Aquacon® cartridges• Filter/separator vessels (for coalescer

and separators)

-2-

VERTICAL OR HORIZONTAL OPEN ENDED CARTRIDGES WITH NO SPIDER PLATE:

1. Screw a nut on one end of the tie rod to about 2” from the end. (See note below.)2. Slide a lock washer up against the nut on the shortened side of the tie rod.3. Slide a mounting adapter (on vessels with integral cast-in or welded-in mounting adapters, no


4. While holding the mounting adapter on the end of the rod, screw the short end of the tie rodinto the tie rod bar on the vessel. Screw in about one inch.

5. Install a cartridge over the tie rod and into place on the mounting adapter.6. If cartridges are stacked, install center spacers between cartridges.7. Place an end seal plate on the top or end of the cartridge (or cartridge stack) with the tie rod

extending out from the end seal plate tie rod hole.8. Adjust the tie rod by screwing it in or out until the amount extending beyond the end seal plate

is one (1) inch.9. Remove the cartridges, spacers, and seal plates.10. Screw the nut at the end of the tie rod down against the mounting adapter while preventing the


the first rod.

SEPARATOR WITH SEAL NUT (WITH OR WITHOUT SPIDER PLATE):

1. Screw a nut on one end of the tie rod to about 2” from the end. (See note below.)2. Slide a lock washer up against the nut on the shortened side of the tie rod.3. Slide a mounting adapter (on vessels with integral cast-in or welded-in mounting adapters, no


4. While holding the mounting adapter on the end of the rod, screw the short end of the tie rodinto the tie rod bar on the vessel. Screw in about one inch.

5. Install a separator over the tie rod and into place on the mounting adapter so the tie rod extendsfrom the end seal cap tie rod hole.

6. On double open ended separators, place an end seal plate on the top or end of the separator,with the tie rod extending out from the end seal plate tie rod hole.

7. Adjust the tie rod by screwing it in or out until the amount extending beyond the end seal plateis one (1) inch.

8. Remove the cartridges, spacers, and seal plates.9. Screw the nut at the end of the tie rod down against the mounting adapter while preventing the


the first rod.

NOTE:1. In AHM06xxx, AVM06xxx, HM06xxx, and VM06xxx Aquacon® vessels, the nut

should be screwed on to the tie rod to about 4" from the end instead of 2".2. In three stage HVM-xxxx filter/separator vessels, the nut on the separator tie rods

should be screwed on to the tie rod to about 4” from the end instead of 2”.

APPENDIX / ACCESSORIES

© 2011 Velcon Filters, LLC. 1215-R8 10/08

Filter/Separator Function

COMPANY HEADQUARTERS:Velcon Filters, LLC1210 Garden of the Gods RoadColorado Springs, CO 80907-3410Phone: 1.800.531.0180 / 1.719.531.5855Fax: 719.531.5690e-mail: [email protected]

MANUFACTURING PLANTS LOCATED AT:Colorado Springs, ColoradoSylacauga, AlabamaHenryetta, Oklahoma

OFFICES AND AFFILIATES IN:Canada, Germany, Singapore, & Spain

Liquid Filtrationand Separation

SpecialistsDue to Velcon Filters’ continuing product improvement, drawings, specifications and pictures are subject to change without notice.

Velcon products are sold and serviced by a world-wide representativenetwork. To order, contact Headquarters or your LOCAL REPRESENTATIVE:

FUNCTION OF FILTER/SEPARATOR ACCESSORIES

Automatic Air Eliminator – Provides air vent to permit escape of trapped air during filling of vessel. When unit is completely filled with fuel, air eliminator automatically closes.

Check Valve – Prevents air from siphoning into the vessel through the air eliminator.

Pressure Relief Valve – This valve can be set to open at a desired pressure to exhaust excess pressure built up in the system, due to thermal expansion in a non-flow condition.

Coalescer Element – Designed to remove solid contaminants, to break the emulsion of water in the product into droplets, and to enlarge these droplets so that they will drop out of the product. The flow is from the inside to the outside of the coalescer.

Separator Element – Repels coalesced water droplets and prevents them from going downstream. The flow is from the outside to the inside.

Pressure Gauge – The direct reading differential pressure gauge is used to measure the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of a filter/separator, thus providing an indication of element condition.

Float Control – Rides the interface between fuel and water, and by its up and down movement, opens and closes ports to generate hydraulic signals to automatic valves. Velcon recommends the “ballast” type float control for easier checking of the integrity of the float ball.

Slug Valve – In the event of excessive water build-up, the slug valve, on signal from the float control, will shut down all flow through the system until excess water can be drained off. The slug valve can be provided with a rate-of-flow control which will prevent excessive flow rates through the filter/separator.

Sampling Probe – The purpose of the probe is to insure that fuel samples are representative of the fuel in the pipe. The probe penetrates through the pipe coupling that is welded to the pipe. There is no possibility of rust and dirt that usually collects in stagnant pockets reaching the filter membrane test capsule.

Manual Drain – Opened daily to remove any accumulated water and to sample the fuel in the sump. This also helps to evaluate the condition of the coalescer. It is also opened to completely drain the vessel when changing elements.

The Importance of Spiders

© 2009 Velcon Filters, Inc. 2032 02/09

Spider plates (spiders) are an important part of a fi lter separator vessel. Spiders are usually made of aluminum or stainless steel, and may be rigid or open-mesh design. Spiders are fi tted over the ends of various types of fi lter cartridges within the fi lter vessel.

There are fi ve purposes for spiders in vessels: To keep the cartridges separated in order to equalize fl ow around the cartridges, and to pro-vide paths for the coalesced water drops to fall to the sumpTo give support to the “free” ends of the cartridg-es (the ends not rigid against the deckplate)To prevent microbial growthTo meet API/EI 1581 5th Edition requirementsTo prevent static discharge and internal fi res

Keeping the coalescers (fi rst stage cartridges) from touching each other enhances the coalescing pro-cess by giving room between the coalescers for the water to fully form into drops 1/8 to ¼ inch in diam-eter, and then having room to fall by gravity to the sump at the bottom of the vessel.

It is very important to support the free ends of car-tridges, particularly the heavy coalescers in hori-zontal vessels. Without a spider supporting the free ends, and without the spider being rigidly clamped or clipped to the vessel interior, the free ends can be exposed to heavy vibration which could eventu-ally loosen the mounting ends leading to bypass, or even rupture the mounting.

Another reason to keep the coalescer socks from touching each other is to reduce the microbial growth area. Have you ever seen a light or dark grayish or blackish line running vertically down a coalescer? This is microbial growth.

1.

2.

3.4.5.

API/EI 1581 5th Edition Specifi cation requires the use of spiders for cartridges longer than 18 inches (3.2.2.13) as well as certain minimum spacings between coalescers, separators (second stage cartridges), and between coalescer and separator within qualifi ed vessels (3.2.2.15). To maintain such spacing a spider is required.

Spiders in the various vessels should not be allowed to become “unbonded charge collectors.” A solid electrical path from the spider to the vessel shell is essential. This can be accomplished through the tie rods that make solid contact with the spider, or by contact with a metal clip attached to the side of the vessel. (Some fi lter/separator vessels have two spiders as shown in Fig. 1).

Figure 1. Two spiders in horizontal fi lter/separator bonded by clips to vessel.

Below is an updated article that originally appeared in the “Clarifier” newsletter in October, 2001 (Vol. 12, No. 3).

CAUTION: FAILURE TO INSTALL SPIDERS CAN RESULT IN POOR VESSEL PERFORMANCE AND INTERNAL

FIRE OR EXPLOSION FROM STATIC DISCHARGE

COMPANY HEADQUARTERS:Velcon Filters, Inc.1210 Garden of the Gods RoadColorado Springs, CO 80907-3410Phone: 1.800.531.0180 / 1.719.531.5855Fax: 719.531.5690e-mail: [email protected] PLANTS LOCATED AT:Colorado Springs, ColoradoSylacauga, AlabamaHenryetta, Oklahoma

OVERSEAS AFFILIATES:Frankfurt/M., Germany & Singapore




Figure 2. Two spiders in vertical fi lter/separator bonded together with braided stainless steel wire, bonded to vessel via separator tie-rods.

Figure 3. Spider on pre-fi lter bonded to baffl e with braided stainless steel wire.

The spider for the separators is electrically bonded to the tie rods that are bonded to the vessel. How-ever, the other spider on the screw-base coalescers might not be bonded to anything (it thus becomes an “unbonded charge collector” which could lead to fi res in the vessel). Insure that these spiders are bonded electrically to the vessel by attaching to a metal clip, or by a braided stainless steel wire to the separator spider (see Fig. 2).

When converting a pre-fi lter (micronic) vessel from open-ended cartridges with tie rods to screw-base cartridges, ensure the spider is somehow bonded to the vessel either by support clips on the vessel interior or by the braided stainless steel wire to the baffl e plate (see Fig. 3).

A prefi lter vessel with no internal baffl e plate is a problem. The purpose of the baffl e plate or angle iron is to divert fl ow to the top of the vessel so the full fl ow does not all work against the nearest car-tridges. Without the baffl e plate, the nearest car-tridges to the inlet can be torn apart. This vessel had been converted to screw-base fi lter cartridges, and had an unbonded spider at the top. There was visual and audio evidence of internal electrical discharge. Spiders, properly bonded, are important components of fi lter vessels!

© 2011 Velcon Filters, LLC 1801-R4 08/11

Assembly Torque Recommendations

SEPARATOR CARTRIDGES

COALESCER CARTRIDGES

FILTER CARTRIDGES

*10 ft-lbs for I-4xxxT Coalescers

15 ft-lbs

5 ft-lbs

5 ft-lbs

5 ft-lbs

5 ft-lbs

5 ft-lbs

5 ft-lbs

5 ft-lbs

5 ft-lbs

30 ft-lbs*

Spider(Typ)

I-6xxxTB

I-6xxx

Threaded Base Cartridge

Open Ended Cartridge

SO-6xxV / VASO-6xxV5 / VA5SO-6xxPV / PV5

SO-6xxC / PLF3SO-6xxCSN

FO-6xxPLFFO-6xxFGFO-6xxA3

5 ft-lbs







Aquacon® CARTRIDGES

TORQUE CONVERSION TABLE

ft-lbs inch-lbs kg-m N-m

5 60 0.69 6.78

10 120 1.38 13.56

15 180 2.07 20.34

20 240 2.77 27.12

30 360 4.15 40.67

5 ft-lbs

5 ft-lbs

5 ft-lbs

15 ft-lbs

10 ft-lbs

30 ft-lbs

Spider(Typ)

ACI-6xxxTBACO-6xxxTB

Threaded Base Cartridge

Open Ended Cartridge

AC, ACI, ACO, ASL, AD

Coalesced water drops releasing from the knitted sock at the outside surface

of the cartridge.

Photomicrograph of coalescing process inside fiberglass media.

FEATURES

• Cost effective particle and emulsified water removal from hydrocarbon fluids

• Easy installation and replacement with one-piece design• Choice of Threaded Base or Open End cartridges• Choice of All-Fiberglass Media or Combination Fiberglass

and Pleated Media• Field proven performance• Ongoing qualification testing to meet changing

commercial and military requirements

GENERALCoalescer cartridges are employed as the first stage in filter/ separator vessels for hydrocarbon fluids. They perform two functions: (1) coalesce (combine) highly dispersed, emulsified water particles into larger water drops and (2) filter-out particulate contaminants.

HOW COALESCER CARTRIDGES WORKThe top photo shows a highly magnified view of the coalescing process. Tiny droplets of water contact and adhere to strands of fiberglass. Flow pushes the droplets along the strand until they reach an intersection of strands where they combine with other droplets (coalesce) into large drops.

These large drops are then carried to the outside surface of the cartridge. Having a higher specific gravity than the hydrocarbon fluid, they release and settle to the bottom of the vessel. The larger the drops, the faster and more efficiently they fall out. (See bottom photo.) In general, particle removal efficiency increases with coalescing efficiency. This is accomplished by employing a tighter, finer filtration media.

Flow direction is from inside to outside of the cartridge. This minimizes surface velocity and helps prevent the water drops from breaking up and being carried downstream.

APPLICATIONSCoalescer cartridges are used primarily to coalesce emulsified water and remove particles from hydrocarbon fluids. The largest single application is the filtration of aviation jet fuel. They are also used with other types of fuels, process streams in refineries and petrochemical plants, and condensate streams where natural gas is produced.

Other liquids can be separated if they are immiscible, the specific gravities differ, and high concentrations of surface active agents are not present. As a rule of thumb, if a sample of the mixture readily separates in an hour or two, a coalescer can probably be used. If the mixture hasn’t separated after 24 hours, coalescing probably won’t work.

© 2011 Velcon Filters, LLC. 1732-R5 03/11

Coalescer Cartridges

for Aviation Fuel and Industrial Use

Coalescer Cartridges

All-Fiberglass “6” Series Coalescer

Fiberglass and Pleated Media“87” Series Coalescer

6000T Threaded Base Adapter

6” Diameter Threaded Base and Open End Coalescer End Caps

CONSTRUCTION

Velcon single-unit coalescer elements are offered with Threaded Base or Open Ends and with Fiberglass Media or Fiberglass and Pleated Media combinations.

Threaded Base Coalescers are recommended for use in most applications. They simplify installation and replacement by eliminating the need for cover plates, center plates, nuts, washers, and gaskets. They are for use in Velcon and other make filter/ separators. Threaded base adapters are available to convert vessels presently using open end elements.

Open End Coalescers are offered with single unit construction which reduces the number of gasket seals and improves overall reliability.

All-fiberglass Media Coalescers combine depth particulate filtration with a deep coalescing structure. All-fiberglass designs have successively finer media layers to achieve depth-type filtration of particles.

Combination Fiberglass and Pleated Media Coalescers remove particles primarily in the high surface area pleated core. They have one or more layers of pleated media inside a cylinder of molded fiberglass laminations to provide an extended surface area for particulate filtration. Pleat corrugation and separation materials are used to keep pleats open for full utilization.

Coalescing and filtration performance depends largely on the fiber diameter and bulk density of the fiberglass media. Both the All-Fiberglass and the Combination coalescer cartridge designs incorporate phenolic resin impregnated fiberglass media. Several grades with fiber diameters ranging from 1 to 10 micrometers are used in various combinations to achieve desired results. Velcon’s latest coalescer designs (85, 87 and C5 series cartridges) achieve even higher filtration and coalescing efficiency by incorporating pure micro-glass fibers with diameters of less than 1 micrometer in the pleated media.

COALESCER CARTRIDGE SERIES DESCRIPTION

Model Number System. Refer to the box at right. The one or two digit Series Designator relates to the approx-imate micron rating of each model coalescer cartridge. Note that this is a nominal rating and should be used for reference only.

The “0”, “2”, and “4” Series all-fiberglass cartridges are rated at 25, 5, and 3 microns respectively. The “2” and “4” Series are commonly used with diesel and other fuel oils, and are a compromise between filtration efficiency (cart-ridge life) and water removing capability. They coalesce gross water, but normally do not remove fine water haze.

The all-fiberglass “6” Series was originally developed for jet fuel service (the original MIL-F-8901 specification). With a 2-micron rating, it has proven to be the most cost effective design in some jet fuel applications. “6” Series cartridges are also used in gasoline filtration service. However, it should be noted that the powerful detergent additives in most automotive gasolines reduce the coalescing capability of this and other cartridge designs.

“83” Series Cartridges. The 1-micron rated “83” Series is a pleated media/fiberglass cartridge. The very practical “83” Series cartridges have become the most widely used design in applications including gasoline, condensate, and insulating oil filtration.

“85” and “87” Series Cartridges. The “85” Series is rated at 0.5-micron while the “87” Series is rated at 0.3 micron. Both incorporate multi-layered pleated media. The “85” Series has consistently shown superior dirt holding capacity in the field.

EI* 1581 Fifth Edition Cartridges. I-6xxC5 (TB), I-6xxMM, and I-6xxA4 Series of coalescers incorporate a multi-layered pleated media designed to provide superior dirt holding capacity in the field, combined with 0.4 micron efficiency. The I-6xxC5 (TB) replaces both the I-6xx85 (TB) and I-6xx87 (TB) cartridges. These cartridges are available in either threaded base or open-end configuration. See data sheets 1923 and 1934 for more specific information on EI 1581 Fifth Edition.

Cartridge Dimensions. 6” diameter cartridges are the current industry standard. They are offered in lengths of 11”, 14”, 22”, 28”, 33”, 38”, 44”, and 56”. However, not all series are available in all lengths or in both end cap designs. Contact your Velcon Distributor for details.

4” diameter cartridges are also offered for use with older equipment. They are available in a variety of lengths ranging from 8 to 40 inches.

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

• 75 psi maximum pressure differential rating• 5 to 9 pH range• 150°–160°F maximum operating temperature• Aluminum center tube• Buna-N gaskets• Injection molded end caps are standard on 6” diameter

threaded base coalescers;• Aluminum end caps are standard on 6” diameter open

end cartridges• All 6” diameter cartridge end caps are bonded directly

to the media with high strength epoxy or urethane• 4” diameter cartridge have molded polyester resin or

injection molded end caps

Velcon Model Numbers include significant product information. Example:

I - 6 2 8 C 5 T B Bolt in End Cap Threaded Base Type 1 or 2 Character Series Designator Approx. Length in inches Approx. Diameter in inches Inside-to-Outside Flow Coalescer Cartridge Note that I-628C5 would designate the open end version

of this cartridge.

*EI (Energy Institute) is the new specification authority. API (American Petroleum Institute) is no longer involved in aviation fuel filtration specifications.







Specific Flow Rate – gpm per Inch of Coalescer Length for 6” Diameter Cartridges

Aviation Fuel Filtration in commercial applications is governed by the complex, stringent requirements of EI 1581, 5th Edition. Refer to the appropriate Velcon literature or contact your Velcon Representative for assistance. For non-aviation applications the following guidelines have proven to be useful. Note, however, that these guidelines are general in nature and should be used for guidance only.

1 Determine total length (inches) of 6” diameter cartridge required:1 a. Find the approximate viscosity of your hydrocarbon fluid on the Chart

Y-axis.1 b. Find the corresponding Specific Flow Rate (gpm/inch) on the X-axis.1 c. Divide Total Flow Rate (gpm) of your application by this Specific Flow

Rate to calculate total inches of coalescer required.

2 Select cartridge model and calculate quantity required:2 a. Choose model (type and length) cartridge to use. 83 Series Coalescers

are recommended for most applications. Other types and sizes are offered for special applications.

2 b. Calculate minimum number of cartridges required by dividing total inches (from Step 1) by length of cartridge selected.

3 Select the Filter/Separator Vessel for your application:3 a. Refer to the Velcon literature for HV (horizontal) or VV (vertical)

Filter/Separators.3 b. Find the appropriate vessel for the model and quantity Coalescer

Cartridge selected in Step 2.

NOTES

• These guidelines assume a specific gravity of 0.92 or less, and an influent water concentration of 3% or less. In general, if the Interfacial Tension (IFT) of the hydrocarbon over water is 36 dynes per centimeter or greater, effluent water levels of 15 ppm or less can be achieved.

• Surfactants will significantly lower IFT with a corresponding decrease in coalescing performance. Surfactants can occur naturally (diesel fuel) or they can be intentionally added as corrosion inhibitors (pipelines, lube and hydraulic oils) and detergent dispersants (automotive gasoline).

• As previously discussed, diesel and fuel oils are a special category. 2 or 4 Series Coalescer Cartridges are commonly used. Pleated paper separator cartridges are typically specified since diesel often contains materials that adhere to TCS separators and cannot be cleaned off – nullifying their cost effectiveness. Refer to Velcon V Series Filter/Separator Vessels literature.

• Oversizing filtration equipment improves performance and extends cartridge life.

• Strong bases (high pH fluids) attack glass microfibers and break down the coalescing media. Caustic washing or applications with high concentrations of MEA or DEA should be avoided.

• Initial differential pressure (with clean coalescer cartridges) will be less than 5 psi. Cartridges should be changed when the differential pressure reaches 15 psi or after one year – whichever occurs first.

Coalescer Cartridge and Filter/Separator Vessel Selection Guidelines

Velcon recommends changing coalescer and monitor cartridges when the pressure differential reaches 15 PSID and the filter/ separator is being operated at its rated flow. The system, however, will often be operating at lower flow rates with a corresponding lower differential pressure. If, for example, a 600 GPM filter/separator shows a differential of 12 PSID at 300 GPM and the flow rate was increased to 600 GPM, the differential would be about 28 PSID which is considerably above the recommended pressure drop for changing cartridges.

It is important, therefore, to know the pressure differential characteristics at lower flow rates for a set of coalescer cartridges which are plugged to the extent that they would show a 15 PSID differential at rated flow. The graph below contains this information for Velcon cartridges.

Cartridge Changeout Curve

© 2011 Velcon Filters, LLC 1415-R9 08/11

Vessel pressure drop characteristics for coalescer and monitor cartridges complying with ATA-103 guidelines.

EXAMPLES: A 1000 GPM filter/separator is operating at 600 GPM (60% of rated flow). If the pressure differential is less than 8 PSID, the cartridges do not require changing. If the pressure differential is 8 PSID or more, however, the elements are due for a changeout.

EXCEPTION: If the system in this example is limited to a maximum flow of 750 GPM by pump capacity or some other factor, then 750 GPM should be considered 100% of rated flow rather than higher rating of the filter/separator. In this case, the 600 GPM flow would be 80% of rated flow and the differential at this rate can be as high as 111/2 PSID without changing elements.

NOTE: “Stick-on” labels (Form #1979) of the above graph can be obtained from Velcon Filters, LLC, Colorado Springs. These labels can be affixed to the vessel near the differential pressure gauge.

Ves

sel D

iffe

ren

tial

Pre

ssu

re (

psi

d)

Percent of Rated Flow (or Percent of System Flow Limit)

COALESCER AND MONITOR CARTRIDGE CHANGEOUT CURVEFOR CARTRIDGES AT REDUCED FLOWRATES

Change cartridges for readings above curve.

Do not change cartridges for readings below curve.







Features• Optimum 2nd stage water removal• Choice of Teflon® Coated Screen, Synthetic or Pleated Paper Media• Field proven performance• Largest selection of replacement elements

GeneralSeparator Cartridges are employed as the second stage in filter/ separator vessels. Their sole function is to repel coalesced water drops produced by the first stage cartridges while allowing hydro-carbon fluids to pass through. Water drops settle into the filter/ separator sump and are not carried downstream. All particle filtering is done by the first stage coalescer cartridge.

How Separator Cartridges WorkFlow direction is from outside-to-inside. The top photo insert shows water being repelled by the hydrophobic separator medium on the cartridge’s outside surface. Hydrocarbon fluids, on the other hand, easily pass through and exit the separator cartridge. Cartridges with three different types of repelling media are offered:

Teflon Coated Screen (TCS) Cartridges are, by far, the most popular type of separator cartridge. With proper cleaning and inspection (see Velcon Form #1242), cost effective TCS elements can be reused over many coalescer cartridge changeout cycles. And, TCS cartridges generate considerably less static charge than pleated paper cartridges. These features have made them the preferred choice for aircraft fueling applications.

Pleated Paper Cartridges cannot be reused and are replaced at every coalescer cartridge changeout. They are often used with diesel and other fuel oils which may contain materials that adhere to TCS cartridges and cannot be cleaned off.

Synthetic Media Cartridges can be cleaned a maximum of two times. They are intended for customers who do not want to take the time to clean separators.

Separator Cartridge PerformanceMaintaining a uniform flow along the length of the cartridge optimizes performance and reduces the number of cartridges required. Flow is controlled by a tube, inside each cartridge, through which the hydrocarbon fluid exits the cartridge and the filter/separator vessel. Two styles of inner tube are offered. See bottom photo.

Cartridges with uniform hole pattern inner tubes are adequate for many applications. However, where optimum flow distribution is required, cartridges with variable hole pattern inner tubes are recommended. When converting older equipment, a lesser number of variable hole pattern cartridges is usually required. Operating costs will therefore be reduced.

Separator CartridgesFilter/Separator

2nd Stage Elements

© 2008 Velcon Filters, Inc. 1521-R13 10/08

Variable Hole Pattern Uniform Hole Pattern Inner Tube Inner Tube

Coalesced water drops from the first stage are shown (above) impinging on the surface of the TCS Separator Cartridge. They are repelled by the Teflon Coated Screen and will not pass through. Note how the screen pattern is magnified by the drops.

®Teflon is a registered trademark of E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc.

Separator CartridgesModel number system. Refer to box at right and table below. Note that “C” in the code always means a Uniform hole pattern inner tube with TCS media, and “V” means Variable hole pattern with TCS media. Blind caps have a hole for the tie rod.

COMPANY HEADQUARTERS:Velcon Filters, Inc.1210 Garden of the Gods RoadColorado Springs, CO 80907-3410Phone: 1.800.531.0180 / 1.719.531.5855Fax: 719.531.5690e-mail: [email protected]


OVERSEAS AFFILIATES:Frankfurt/M., Germany & SingaporeDue to Velcon Filters’ continuing product improvement, drawings, specifications and pictures are subject to change without notice.



Specialists

Model NumberFlow Control Hole Pattern

ODMounting

End IDOpposite

End IDMedia

SO-3xxC Uniform 31/16” 115/16” Blind TCSSO-3xxV Variable 31/16” 115/16” Blind TCSSO-4xxC Uniform 49/16” 31/2” Blind TCSSO-4xxV Variable 49/16” 31/2” Blind TCSSO-6xxC Uniform 6” 31/2” 31/2” TCSSO-6xxCA Uniform 6” 31/2” Blind TCSSO-6xxCM Uniform 6” 41/2” Blind TCSSO-6xxVA (5) Variable 6” 31/2” Blind TCSSO-6xxV (5) Variable 6” 41/2” Blind TCSSO-6xxPV (5) Variable 6” 41/8” Blind TCS

SO-6xxPLF3(1)

Uniform 6” 31/2” 31/2” Pleated Paper

SO-6xxPLBZ(1)

Uniform 6” 31/2” Blind Pleated Paper

SO-6xxCSN* Uniform 6” 31/2” 31/2” SyntheticSO-6xxCMSN* Uniform 6” 41/2” Blind SyntheticSO-6xxCPSN* Uniform 6” 41/8” Blind SyntheticSO-6xxVASN Variable 6” 31/2” Blind SyntheticSO-6xxVSN Variable 6” 41/2” Blind SyntheticSO-6xxPVSN Variable 6” 41/8” Blind Synthetic

SO Series cartridges listed in Code Identification Table at left are the most commonly used types. A variety of other styles are available for special applications. Contact your Velcon distributor for details.

SO-6xxPLF3 pleated separators come in lengths of 11,14, 16, 29 and 33 inches. SO-6xxPLBZ pleated separators come in lengths of 22, 29, 33 and 44 inches. Frequently, they are installed in stacks of two or three cartridges.

SO-6xxC cartridges are available in these same stackable lengths plus longer lengths. However, single-unit designs are recommended for installation ease and lower cost. Other styles listed in Table are not intended to be stacked.

Velcon variable size hole pattern cart ridges should not be replaced with uniform hole pattern cartridges unless appropriate full-scale test data can be supplied showing equivalent performance.

For more information about API/EI 1581 5th Edition qualified separators, please see data sheet 1923.

SO-6xxCSN/CMSN/CPSN separators are intended for customers who want a separator for disposal rather than clean and re-use (can be cleaned a maximum of two times).

1. Please note: The shelf life for pleated paper separators (for example, SO-xxxPLF3 and SO-6xxPLBZ) is one year.* U.S. Patent No. 6,068,723 and 6,415,930

• TCS medium is 200 mesh stainless steel screen coated on both sides with green Teflon. The screen is lockseam folded and fastened with an internal aluminum clip.

• Pleated medium is silicone treated resin impregnated paper with a protective outer aluminum screen jacket.

• Tubes are aluminum.• End caps are aluminum and/or glass filled nylon.• Gaskets are Buna-N.• pH range is 5 to 9.• Maximum operating temperature is 200°F.

General Specifications

Cartridge Code Identification

Table Notes

The water will bead and roll off the surface of properly functioning separators (as it would on a freshly-waxed car). If this is the case, the separator has passed the Water Test and can be reused.

If any portion of the Teflon coated screen is wetted by the water (the water will seep into the pores of the screen; this is very obvious to the eye), the cartridge has failed the Water Test. The wetted area must be cleaned again (see 7), and the recleaned cartridge should pass the Water Test before it is reinstalled.

NOTE: The separator in the photo above has been purposely disarmed to show a water-wetted surface.

4. WATER TEST. Be sure that the separator is fuel-wetted before performing this test. Hold the cartridge by the end-cap at an angle, and gradually pour water over the entire screen surface. Do not spray the water and do not let it fall more than a distance of three inches before contacting the screen.

2. After removing the cartridge from the vessel, submerge it in clean fuel and gently scrub the entire screen surface with a soft bristle brush.

1. Throughout the entire procedure, AVOID LETTING SCREEN COME IN CONTACT WITH YOUR BARE SKIN, particularly after the cartridge has been cleaned. Hold the cartridge by the end-caps. If necessary

to handle the screen during removal or installation, use a clean, dry, non-abrasive material, such as a poly-bag from one of the coalescers, between your hand and the screen.

DO NOT THROW TEFLON COATED SCREEN SEPARATOR CARTRIDGES AWAY WHEN CHANGING COALESCERS. These separators are designed to eliminate the costly practice of replacing paper separators. It is recommended, however, that the separators be inspected, tested and cleaned at every coalescer change to assure prolonged, effective separation life. The procedure for this is described below:

© 2009 Velcon Filters, LLC 1242-R10 10/09PN 09-845

Maintenance InstructionsTeflon® Coated Screen

Separator Cartridges

® Teflon is a registered trademark of E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc.

3. SURFACE INSPECTION. Holding the cartridge by the endcaps, visually inspect the entire surface of the screen for any nicks or cuts. If there are any visible flaws, they should be patched (see 6).



OFFICES AND AFFILIATES IN:Canada, Germany, Singapore & Spain




5. If the separator passes the Surface Inspection and Water Test, rinse it thoroughly in clean fuel to remove traces of water. Let the separators air dry prior to reinstalling.

6. If a separator fails the Surface Inspection due to visible nicks, cuts, or other flaws in the screen that can be caused by mishandling, they can be patched if they are smaller than 1/8 inch (size of dot •). Use two-part epoxy base putty. Thoroughly clean area with isopropyl alcohol before applying putty.

ALWAYS REPEAT THE WATER TEST TO INSURE A GOOD PATCH.

BE SURE THAT THE SEPARATOR IS FUEL-WETTED BEFORE PERFORMING THIS TEST.

7. If a separator fails the Water Test due to visible wetted areas, try washing the cartridge with hot water. Use pressurized hot water from a tap or hose and thoroughly spray the wetted area. Scrubbing with a soft rag or brush will often help on stubborn areas. Allow the cartridge to dry, then perform the Water Test again. If the cartridge continues to fail the Water Test, it must be replaced.

8. If gaskets should become dislodged, thoroughly clean gasket and end-cap surfaces with a solvent such as MEK or Acetone. Apply a super glue cyanoacrylate adhesive, such as Bostik #7432, to end-cap. Place gasket onto end-cap, applying pressure over entire surface of gasket. Let dry approximately 30 seconds.

9. REMINDER. While reinstalling the Teflon coated screen separators, be sure to avoid handling the screen with your bare hands. If you must handle the screen, use a clean, dry, non-abrasive material, such as a poly-bag. Be sure to remove all poly-bags prior to closing vessel.

NOTE: The above cleaning instructions are also applicable to the Velcon synthetic media separators. These can be cleaned a maximum of two times before they should be replaced.

Handle

cartridge

carefully -

do not touch

the Tefl on

sides!

RIGHT WAY

WRONG WAY

© 2008 Velcon Filters, Inc. 1923-R3 10/08

Coalescer/Separator Cartridgesfor Aviation Fuel

Qualified to API/EI* 1581 5th Edition

*Institute of Petroleum (IP) merged in 2003 with the Institute of Energy, forming the Energy Institute (EI). All former IP technical publications have now been rebranded EI technical publications, including the joint API titles (aviation fuel handling and hydrocarbon management).® Teflon is a registered trademark of E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc.

I-614C5TBCoalescer

COALESCERS

The I-6xxC5 (TB), I-6xxMM, and I-6xxA4 Series coalescers (“xx” denotes nominal cartridge length) incorporate multi-layered pleated media designed to provide superior dirt holding capacity in the field, combined with 0.4 micron efficiency. The I-6xxC5 (TB) replaces both Velcon’s I-6xx85 (TB) and I-6xx87 (TB) cartridges. These cartridges are available in either threaded base or open-end configuration. For more information concerning coalescer dimensions and general specifications please refer to Velcon’s data sheet #1732.

SEPARATORS

The SO-6xxV5, SO-6xxPV5, and SO-6xxVA5 are Teflon® Coated Screen (TCS) cartridges. SO-6xxVSN, SO-6xxPVSN, and SO-6xxVASN are synthetic separator cartridges. To achieve optimum flow distribution all of these cartridges incorporate a variable hole pattern inner tube combined with a uniform hole pattern outer tube specifically designed for installation in vertical filter/separators. Please refer to Velcon’s data sheet #1521 for overall separator dimensions and general specifications.

Teflon® Coated Screen Separators

Close-up of water being repelled by separator

The following products

have been fully qualified

to the specification:

API/EI 1581 5th Edition

Synthetic Separators

Velcon Filters, Inc. has tested and qualified a compre-hensive range of products to meet the API/EI 1581 5th Edition Specification. For a complete listing of Velcon’s current qualification tests, please view the following web page: http://www.velcon.com/vessels/vessel.html or, go to our home page, www.velcon.com, click on “Products” along the top menu - below that click “Vessels” and across to “Vessel info”.

The categories for this specification are:

CATEGORY CThis category replaces the previous class A, B, & C of API/IP-1581 Third Edition. Velcon’s new coalescer cartridges that meet Category C requirements are the I-6xxC5 Series (“xx” denotes nominal cartridge length). These cartridges have been developed to provide better water removal performance in surfactant-laden fuels, and improved filtration efficiency combined with longer life. Category ‘C’ cartridges can be used at any point in the fuel distribution system – from refineries to into-plane fueling.

All of Velcon’s TCS Separator Cartridges are qualified for Category C.

CATEGORY MThis category covers military fuels, such as JP8 (similar to Jet A but containing anti-icing and other additives). Velcon’s coalescer products for this category are the I-6xxMM Series cartridges. The separators for this category are currently TCS Separators SO-6xxV5, SO-6xxVA5, and SO-6xxPV5, as well as Synthetic Separators SO-6xxVSN, SO-6xxPVSN, and SO-6xxVASN.

Category M qualified cartridges also qualify for Category C.

CATEGORY M100This category is for military fuels such as JP8+100. The ‘+100’ additive allows fuels to run at higher operating temperatures and reduces maintenance for high per-formance military jet engines. Velcon’s coalescer cartridges for the M100 Category are the I-6xxA4 Series. The TCS Separators for M100 are currently the SO-6xxCM and SO-6xxGS (three-stage).

I-644C5TB

COMPANY HEADQUARTERS:Velcon Filters, Inc.1210 Garden of the Gods RoadColorado Springs, CO 80907-3410Phone: 1.800.531.0180 / 1.719.531.5855Fax: 719.531.5690e-mail: [email protected]


OVERSEAS AFFILIATES:Frankfurt/M., Germany & Singapore




The 5th Edition also allows operators to incorporate third stage filter cartridges with each category. Velcon has currently qualified the CDF®-2xx Series monitor (water absorbing) cartridges for Category C and the FOW-2xx Series filter cartridges for Category M100.

Another aspect of the API/EI 1581 5th Edition specification is the description of filter/separators as Type S (water and dirt), Type S-LW (for applications where low amounts of water are expected) and Type S-LD (for applications where low amounts of dirt are expected). Products qualified for Type S are also qualified for Types S-LD and Type S-LW.

To obtain your authorized Velcon API/EI 1581 5th Edition Similarity Data Report for existing vessels, please complete data sheet #1728, “Fast Fax” form.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Documents

Filter-Separator Vessel Manual