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1. INTRODUCTION
This project Blood donor central database and web portal is mainly used to spread the
awareness about blood donation. Many people dont know about the importance of blood
donation and some people are aware about it but they are not known about the chances when
and where they can donate. It needs the hospital management to blindly search through
network for a blood donor during emergency cases.
For example: In earlier days if a person need O+ve group blood then we would
send messages through phones but it is a late process and it reach to some extent only. This
is the major problem. By using this application the people can search for the required blood
group very easily through internet, if the required donor is available we will contact with that
person directly. All these tasks will be done with in short span of time.
Project Definition
There is a need for online centralised web portal where blood banks and hospitals and
other visitors can look for donors in their nearby area who will be available in quick time, and
also that the donor details are secured. The Blood donor central database and web portal
serves for this purpose of flexible and secure accessibility to this system for the users.
This web portal serves to 4 kinds of people. The unaware people or simply the
visitors; people who are willing to donate but do not know when and where to donate;
hospital managements who blindly search through network for a blood donor during
emergency cases; blood banks who want to spread awareness. Its features include:
Complete blood donation awareness information online. Registration for every individual who are willing to donate. Special accounts for Blood Banks (NGO), and Hospitals. Direct search for blood group on home page. Providing the information to the people where the Blood Banks are available and
the stock availability at the respective places.
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1.1 LITERATURE SURVEY
The need for blood is great. Blood transfusions often are needed for trauma victims - due to
accidents and burns - heart surgery, organ transplants, and patients receiving treatment for
leukemia, cancer or other diseases, such as sickle cell disease and thalassemia. And with an
aging population and advances in medical treatments and procedures requiring blood
transfusions, the demand for blood continues to increase.
To be eligible to donate blood, a person must be in good health and generally must be at
least 18 years of age (although in some cases younger people are permitted to donate blood,
with parental consent.)
Minimum weight requirements may vary among facilities, but generally, donors must
weigh at least 45 kgs Most blood banks have no upper age limit. All donors must pass the
physical and health history examinations given prior to donation.
The donor's body replenishes the fluid lost from donation in 24 hours. It may take up to two
months to replace the lost red bl ood cells. Whole blood can be donated once every eight
weeks (56 days).
Anyone who has ever used intravenous drugs (illegal IV drugs) Hemophiliacs. Anyone with a positive antibody test for HIV (AIDS virus) . Anyone who has had hepatitis . Anyone who has/has had cancer Anyone who has risk factors for HBS Ag,HCV,VDRL,Maleria.
.
Blood donations should be made only at licensed blood banks, Voluntary blood donation
camps conducted by recognized organizations and at hospital-based donor centers. You may
contact CCT or find out from the official CCT web site, information about the conduct of
blood donation camps in a place near to you
Typically, each donated unit of blood, referred to as whole blood, is separated into multiple
components, such as red blood cells, plasma, platelets, and cryoprecipitated AHF
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(antihemophilic factor). Presently CCT collects and provides whole blood only. However in
the near future, CCT proposes to possess technology for a State of the Art Components
Unit and provide blood components too. Each blood component can be transfused to a
different individual, each with different needs.
After blood has been drawn, it is tested for ABO group (blood type) and Rh type (positive
or negative), as well as for any unexpected red blood cell antibodies that may cause
problems in a recipient. Screening tests also are performed for evidence of donor infection
with hepatitis B and C viruses, human immunodeficiency viruses HIV-1 and HIV-2, human
T-lymphotropic viruses HTLV-I and HTLV-II, and syphilis.
The specific tests currently performed are listed below:
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) . Hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc). Hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibody (anti-HIV-1 and anti-HIV-2) .
Serologic test for syphilis .
Besides conducting all relevant medical tests to ascertain the eligibility of individuadonors
blood is collected in the utmost hygienic conditions using disposable blood bags, ,needles
and syringes under the supervision of qualified lab technicians.
Each unit of whole blood normally is stored under refrigeration for a maximum of 42.
days While donated blood is free, there are significant costs associated with collecting,
testing, preparing components, labeling, storing and shipping blood; recruiting and
educating donors; and quality assurance. As a result, processing fees are charged to recover
costs.
The blood supply level fluctuates throughout the year. For example, after the Kargil war or
Gujarat earth quake blood supply swelled to very high levels, due to the overwhelming
response of donors but otherwise is very scarce to obtain.
While a given individual may be unable to donate, he or she may be able to recruit a
suitable donor. Blood banks are always in need of volunteers to assist at blood draws or to
organize blood donation camps.
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.
Donor cards and Appreciation Certificates are given to each of the voluntary blood donors.
Besides Blood will be provided free of cost to the kith and kin of the Donor when in need.
Persons who donate blood at least 4 times in a year through Chiranjeevi Eye & Blood Bank
, any of CCTs Voluntary blood donation clubs will receive a letter of appreciation through
the hands of Chiranjeevi.
Common Blood Type
The approximate distribution of blood types in the population is as follows.
O Rh-positive
O Rh-negative
A Rh-positive
A Rh-negative
B Rh-positive
B Rh-negative
AB Rh-positive
AB Rh-negative
38 percent
7 percent
34 percent
6 percent
9 percent
2 percent
3 percent
1 percent
In an emergency, anyone can receive type O red blood cells, and type AB individualscan receive red blood cells of any ABO type. Therefore, people with type O blood are
known as universal donors, and those with type AB blood are known as universal
recipients. In addition, AB plasma donors can give to all blood types.
THE CHIRANJEEVI BLOOD BANK
MISSION: In an age where medicine has advanced greatly, blood still remains a scarce
life support, highly inaccessible. Added to which is the lurking danger of infected blood
seeping into the system due to inadequate facilities and lack of awareness.
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At CCT our endeavor is to provide safe and screened blood to every single person in need
of it. In years to come CCT envisages to eradicate deaths due to lack of adequate and safe
blood supply in A.P and in India .
POLICY:Chiranjeevi blood bank is perhaps the only blood bank in the state, where
replacement of blood is not at all necessary.CCT provides blood absolutely free of cost to
the needy and underprivileged. Besides CCT also incurs the costs of blood screening
which is about Rs.750/- per unit .In case of economically backward and lower income
group people CCT absorbs these screening costs completely. Persons who are white card
holders or belong to the family of white card holders and or availing treatment at
Government Hospitals are eligible for claiming exemption of screening costs.
CCT provides a subsidy of 50% to those availing treatment at private nursing homes. In
case of higher income groups, and those availing treatment at Corporate Hospitals, CCT
still provides blood free of cost but the screening costs have to be borne by them.
The Blood bank has provided 3000 donors directly to the Hospitals like NIMS, CARE,
APOLLO, USHA MULLAPUDIin cases of emergency that required fresh blood.
The Trust has established five voluntary blood donor clubs in Vishakahapatnam,
Rajahmundry, Vijayawada, Kakinada, and Hyderabad and intends to meet a target of
setting up 50 such clubs to substantially increase the number of blood donations.
A state of the art Components Preparation Unit to accommodate the recent developments
in Blood Transfusion will also be added along with measures to upgrade the rest of the
equipment Online registration.
SCREENING
Donors are typically required to give consent for the process and this requirement
means that minors cannot donate without permission from a parent or guardian. In some
countries, answers are associated with the donor's blood, but not name, to provide anonymity;
in others, such as the United States, names are kept to create lists of ineligible donors. If a
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potential donor does not meet these criteria, they are deferred. This term is used because
many donors who are ineligible may be allowed to donate later. Blood banks in the United
States may be required to label the blood if it is from a therapeutic donor, so some do not
accept donations from donors with any blood disease. Others, such as the Australian Red
Cross Blood Service, accept blood from donors withhemochromatosis. It is a genetic disorder
that does not affect the safety of the blood.
RECIPIENT SAFETY
Donors are screened for health risks that could make the donation unsafe for the recipient.
Some of these restrictions are controversial, such as restricting donations from men who have
sex with men for HIV risk. Autologous donors are not always screened for recipient safety
problems since the donor is the only person who will receive the blood. Donors are also
asked about medications such as dutasteride since they can be dangerous to a pregnant
woman receiving the blood.
Donors are examined for signs and symptoms of diseases that can be transmitted in a blood
transfusion, such as HIV, malaria, and viral hepatitis. Screening may include questions
about risk factors for various diseases, such as travel to countries at risk for malaria or variant
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD). These questions vary from country to country. For
example, while blood centers in Qubec, Poland, and many other places defer donors who
lived in theUnited Kingdom for risk ofvCJD, donors in the United Kingdom are only
restricted for vCJD risk if they have had a blood transfusion in the United Kingdom.
DONOR SAFETY
The donor is also examined and asked specific questions about their medical history to make
sure that donating blood is not hazardous to their health.
The donor's hematocrit or hemoglobin level is tested to make sure that the loss of
blood will notmake them anemic, and this check is the most common reason that a donor is
ineligible. Pulse, blood pressure, and body temperature are also evaluated. Elderly donors are
sometimes also deferred on age alone because of health concerns. The safety of donating
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blood during pregnancy has not been studied thoroughly, and pregnant women are usually
deferred.
OBTAINING THE BLOOD
There are two main methods of obtaining blood from a donor. The most frequent is to simply
take the blood from a vein as whole blood. This blood is typically separated into parts,
usually red blood cells and plasma, since most recipients need only a specific component for
transfusions. A typical donation is 450 millilitres (or approximately one US pint) ofwhole
blood, though 500 millilitre donations are also common. Historically, blood donors
in India would donate only 250 or 350 millilitre and donors in the People's Republic of
China would donate only 200 millilitres, though larger 300 and 400 millilitre donations have
become more common.
The other method is to draw blood from the donor, separate it using a centrifuge or a filter,
store the desired part, and return the rest to the donor. This process is called apheresis, and it
is often done with a machine specifically designed for this purpose. This process is especially
common for plasma and platelets.
For direct transfusions a vein can be used but the blood may be taken from
an artery instead. In this case, the blood is not stored, but is pumped directly from the donor
into the recipient. This was an early method for blood transfusion and is rarely used in
modern practice. It was phased out during World War II because of problems with logistics,
and doctors returning from treating wounded soldiers set up banks for stored blood when they
returned to civilian life.
COMPLICATIONS
Donors are screened for health problems that would put them at risk for serious complications
from donating. First-time donors, teenagers, and women are at a higher risk of a reaction.[One
study showed that 2% of donors had an adverse reaction to donation.Most of these reactions
are minor. A study of 194,000 donations found only one donor with long-term
complications.In the United States, a blood bank is required to report any death that might
possibly be linked to a blood donation. An analysis of all reports from October 2008 to
September 2009 evaluated six events and found that five of the deaths were clearly unrelated
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to donation, and in the remaining case they found no evidence that the donation was the cause
of death.
ELIGIBILITY
Eligibility for donating blood is as follows:
Age should be between 18 and 60 years.
Minimum hemoglobin count should be 12.5gm.
Pulse rate should be between 50 and 100 per minute, without any irregularities.
Blood pressure should be, Diastolic 50 to 100 mm Hg and Systolic 100 to 180 mm Hg.
Body temperature should be normal and oral temperature should not exceed 37.5 degree
Celsius.
The person should weigh 45kg or above.
DON'T DONATE BLOOD
You should not register as a blood donor or donate blood in case of following:
If you have undergone any treatment for rabies or received Hepatitis B immune globulinwithin the past one year.
If you have donated blood or have been treated for malaria within the last three months.
If you have undergone any immunization within the past one month.
If you have consumed alcohol within the last 24 hours.
If you have undergone any dental work or taken aspirin within last the 72 hours.
If you are HIV+.
If the person is suffering, or has suffered, from cancer.
If the person is suffering from any blood clotting disorder, such as hemophilia.
UNIVERSAL DONORS
At one time, type O negative blood was considered the universal blood donor type.
This implied that anyoneregardless of blood typecould receive type O negative blood
without risking a transfusion reaction. However, even type O negative blood may have
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antibodies that cause serious reactions during a transfusion.Ideally, blood transfusions are
done with donated blood that's an exact match for type and Rh factor. Even then, small
samples of the recipient's and donor's blood are mixed to check compatibility in a process
known as crossmatching. In an emergency, however, type O negative red blood cells may be
given to anyoneespecially if the situation is life-threatening or the matching blood type is
in short supply.Similarly, the blood group AB- is said to be the universal recipient as it is
possible for the person of AB- group to receive blood from any blood group in a condition of
extreme emergency and necessity.
RECOVERY AND TIME BETWEEN DONATIONS
Donors are usually kept at the donation site for 10
15 minutes after donating sincemost adverse reactions take place during or immediately after the donation
.Blood centers
typically provide light refreshments or a lunch allowance to help the donor recover.The
needle site is covered with a bandage and the donor is directed to keep the bandage on for
several hours.
Donated plasma is replaced after 23 days.Red blood cells are replaced by bone marrow into
the circulatory system at a slower rate, on average 36 days in healthy adult males. In one
study, the range was 20 to 59 days for recovery.
]
These replacement rates are the basis of howfrequently a donor can give blood.
Plasmapheresis and plateletpheresis donors can give much more frequently because they do
not lose significant amounts of red cells. The exact rate of how often a donor can donate
differs from country to country. For example, plasmapheresis donors in the United States are
allowed to donate large volumes twice a week and could nominally give 83 liters (about 22
gallons) in a year, whereas the same donor in Japan may only donate every other week and
could only donate about 16 liters (about 4 gallons) in a year.Red blood cells are the limiting
step for whole blood donations, and the frequency of donation varies widely depending on
the type of donor and local policies. For example, adult men in Hong Kong can donate once
every three months, women every four months, and youth aged sixteen or seventeen only
every six months. In Canada and the United States it is 56 days for any type of donor.
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DONOR SELECTION
The donor selection process is one of the most important steps in protecting the safety of the
blood supply. The process is intended to identify medical problems, behaviors (e.g., IV drug
use) or events that put a person at risk of being infected and transmitting a serious disease to
the person receiving the transfusion. To accomplish this, donors should be questioned about
their medical history, be given a limited physical examination (e.g., pulse and blood pressure
checked and heart and lungs listened to with a stethoscope) and have their hemoglobin or
hematocrit determined. In general, potential donors should be at least 17 years old, unless
there are special circumstances requiring a minor to give blood. They should be in good
health, not severely anemic (Hg > 11 g/dL or Hct > 33%) and not be infected (carrier or
seropositive) for HBV (if not vaccinated), HCV or HIV/AIDS.
HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS
Hematocrit and hemoglobin measurements are blood tests. Hemoglobin enables red
cells to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide. The hemoglobin is checked before each
donation to ensure that the donor has adequate red blood cell levels to donate blood. Blood
donors must have a minimum of 12.5 g/dL hemoglobin or a hematocrit of 38% to be acceptedfor donation. The hematocrit is a measure of the volume that red blood cells take up in the
blood. Most men have a hemoglobin of 12.5 g/dL or greater and a hematocrit above 38
percent, but many women naturally have lower hemoglobin/hematocrit levels. An abnormally
low hemoglobin/hematocrit, which indicates anemia, can develop when a person either does
not make enough red blood cells, loses blood from the body, or is iron-deficient. The most
common cause of mild anemia is a low level of iron, which is needed to make red blood cells.
Frequent blood donations and monthly blood loss in premenopausal women can contribute to
a low iron level.
Most hemoglobin/hematocrit readings that are lower than the required level do not indicate
the donor has serious health issues. Some donors naturally have lower levels, which causes
them no harm. However, it does prevent them from being eligible blood donors. Other donors
may be slightly anemic due to iron deficiency, and increasing their iron intake may boost
their hemoglobin/hematocrit level. Donors who are temporarily deferred are given
information to help them determine if they are eligible to give blood again in the coming
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months. The Red Cross encourages all donors who are temporarily deferred to try to give
blood again if it is safe for them to do so.
STORAGE SUPPLY AND DEMAND
The collected blood is usually stored as separate components, and some of these have short
shelf lives. There are no storage solutions to keep platelets for extended periods of time,
though some are being studied as of 2008. The longest shelf life used for platelets is seven
days. Red blood cells, the most frequently used component, have a shelf life of 3542 days at
refrigerated temperatures. This can be extended by freezing the blood with a mixture
ofglycerol but this process is expensive, rarely done, and requires an extremely cold freezer
for storage. Plasma can be stored frozen for an extended period of time and is typically given
an expiration date of one year and maintaining a supply is less of a problem.
The limited storage time means that it is difficult to have a stockpile of blood to prepare for a
disaster. The subject was discussed at length after the September 11th attacks in the United
States, and the consensus was that collecting during a disaster was impractical and that efforts
should be focused on maintaining an adequate supply at all times. Blood centers in the U.S.
often have difficulty maintaining even a three day supply for routine transfusion demands.
The World Health Organization recognizes World Blood Donor Day on 14 June each year to
promote blood donation. This is the birthday ofKarl Landsteiner, the scientist who
discovered the ABO blood group system. As of 2008, the WHO estimated that more than 81
million units of blood were being collected annually.
EXISTING SYSTEM:
In earlier days blood requests are carried through messages from one people to other
people. That communication will be in the form of messages through mobiles or through
word of mouth. It is a late process and some requests cant succeed to some extent. By this
many people lives may get under jeopardy.
Several blood donor portals available presently are restricted to particular town/city. Also
tracking the appropriate donor consumes lot of time and existing system involves manual
verification of donors health status.
DISADVANTAGES OF EXISTING SYSTEM:
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People throughout globe cannot use the facilities. Emergency cases cannot be tackled in time. No guarantee is given on the health condition of the donor. Most of them are not non-profitable portals. Communication which happens whenever need for the blood arises is not effective,
then people lives may get under peril.
Human resources may not work in the brisk way if any emergency request heaves up.
PROPOSED SYSTEM
In this system people can explore for the required blood group very easily through
internet, if the requisite donor is available we will contact with that person directly. All these
tasks will be done with in short span of time.
To overcome the problems in existing system, the proposed system is an online
centralized web-portal where blood banks and hospitals and visitors can look for donors in
their nearby area who will be available in quick time.
ADVANTAGES OVER EXISTING SYSTEM
Since it is a global portal, people all over the world can access the site. Donors in the nearest area can be tracked easily. Emergency cases can be solved in time. Donors personal details are maintained in a very confidential way. Through this web application we can save the time, we can efficiently get succeed in
implementing all the requests within short span of time.
FEASIBILITY STUDY
Once the problem is clearly understood, the next step in analysis is to verify the
feasibility of the proposed system. All projects are feasible given unlimited resources and
infinite time. But in reality both resources and time are scarce. Project should confirm totime bounce and should be optimal in their consumption of resources. The objective of
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feasibility study is to determine whether or not the proposed system is feasible. It is high-
level capsule version of the entered systems and design process.
Feasibility applied to Blood Donor Central Database and Web Portal pertains to the
following areas i.e. three tests of feasibility have been carried out:
Technical feasibility Operational feasibility Economical feasibility
TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY
To determine whether the proposed system is technically feasible, we should take into
consideration the technical issues involved behind the system. Blood Donor Central Database
and Web Portal uses the web technologies, which is rampantly employed these days
worldwide. The world without the web is incomprehensible today. That goes to proposed
system is technically feasible.
OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY
To determine the operational feasibility of the system we should take into
consideration the awareness level of the users. This system is operational feasible since the
users are familiar with the technologies and hence there is no need to gear up the personnel to
use system. Also the system is very friendly and to use.
ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
To decide whether a project is economically feasible, we have to consider various factors
as:
Cost benefit analysis Long-term returns Maintenance costs
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The proposed Blood Donor Symbiosis is computer based. It requires average computing
capabilities and access to internet, which are very basic requirements and can be afforded by
any organization hence it doesnt incur additional economic overheads, which renders the
system economically feasible.
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2. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION1.OBJECTIVE:
The main objective of the study was to create electronic blood donor management
information system in order to assist in the management of blood donor records, planning and
share information in a more confidential, convenient and secure way using modern
technology.
2.SCOPE:
The study specially emphasized the creation and implementation of an electronic
management information system that automated blood donor data acquisition and
dissemination of results. This in turn will ease and speeds up the planning, decision-making
process because of the timely, secure, confidential and reliable reports.
3.DESCRIPTION:
Administrator will have the rights and controls to login into the software by entering his
username and valid password.Admin can view the full details of the bloodBanks
,hospitals,donors and he can also delete them if any case needed.The visitor or non member
can search for the required blood type by selecting his required Blood type and can get the
result. The visitor can get the full details of the donors,hospital or BloodBanks by providing
his mail-id and the complete details will be mailed.The visitor , hospitals,bloodBanks can
register by filling there respective registration pages.Hospitals ,Blood banks,donor can login
through respective login-id and password sent to there mail.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS:
1. Administrator should have access to all details of blood donors ,hospitals,blood banks.2. While filling the personal information page for any donor, only Name, Region,
contact details which could be phone number / email and blood group should be
made mandatory .
3. Users could browse for Blood Banks , hospitals ,blood donors in their near by area.
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4. No user could access full details of donors without being registerd.5. The search for donors should be made flexible6. The donor must be able to Login using user id and password.7. The donor must be able to change his password.8. The donor must be able to view the hospitals ,bloodbanks and other donors .9. The non member must be able to search for a donors,hospitals,blood banks.10.The admin must be able to Login using user id and password.11.The admin must be able to handle donors,bloodbanks,hospitals.12.The admin must be able to change his password.13.The admin must be able to delete the hospitals,bloodbanks and donor if any case
needed.
14.Hospitals and bloodbanks must be able to login with the username and password toupdate any details.
NON-FUNCTIONALREQUIREMENTS:
Nonfunctional requirements define the needs in terms of performance, logical database
requirements, design constraints, standard compliance, reliability, availability,security,
maintainability and portability.
i. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS:
Performance requirements define acceptable response times for system functionality. The load time for user interface screens will take no longer than two seconds.
The login information shall be verified within five seconds. Queries shall results within five seconds.
ii. DESIGN CONSTRAINTS:
The software shall be a standard system running in a windows environment. The system shall
be developed using rational enterprise suite.
iii. RELIABILITY:
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Specify the factors required to establish the required reliability of the software
system at time of delivery.
iv. AVAILABILITY:
The system should have an availability of 99.99%.
v. PORTABILITY:
The system should be extremely via the usb drive.
The system shall be easy to migrate or backed up via another use drive.
vi. MAINTAINABILITY:
The system shall utilize interchangeable plugins.
The system shall be easily updateable for fixes and patches.
The system shall be easy to upgrade.
Operating EnvironmentHardware and Software
Software Requirements
Operating System - Windows 7
Application Server - Tomcat 6.X
Front End - HTML, Java, JSP
Server side Script - Java Server Pages.
Database - MySql
Database Connectivity - JDBC.
Hardware Requirement
Processor - PentiumIII
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Speed - 1.1 GHz
RAM - 256 MB (min)
Hard Disk - 20 GB
Floppy Drive - 1.44
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3. DESIGN
The most creative and challenging phase of the life cycle is system design. The term
design describes a final system and the process by which it is developed. It refers to the
technical specifications that will be applied in implementations of the candidate system. The
design may be defined as the process of applying various techniques and principles for the
purpose of defining a device, a process or a system with sufficient details to permit its
physical realization.
The designers goal is how the output is to be produced and in what format. Samples
of the output and input are also presented. Second input data and database files have to be
designed to meet the requirements of the proposed output. The processing phases are
handled through the program Construction and Testing. Finally, details related to
justification of the system and an estimate of the impact of the candidate system on the user
and the organization are documented and evaluated by management as a step toward
implementation.
The importance of software design can be stated in a single word Quality. Design
provides us with representations of software that can be assessed for quality. Design is the
only way where we can accurately translate a customers requirements into a comple te
software product or system. Without design we risk building an unstable system that might
fail if small changes are made. It may as well be difficult to test, or could be one whos
quality cant be tested. So it is an essential phase in the development of a software product.
UML APPROACH:
Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a language for specifying, visualizing and
documenting the system. This is the step while developing any product after analysis. Thegoal from this is to produce a model of entities involved in the project which later need to be
built. The representation of the entities that are to be used in the product being developed
need to be designed.
Software design is a process that gradually changes as various new, better and more
complete methods with a border understanding of the whole problem in general come into
existence. There are various methods in software design.
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They are as follows:
Use case Diagram Sequence Diagram Collaboration Diagram State Chart Diagram Class Diagram Component Diagram Deployment Diagram
USE CASE DIAGRAMS
Use case diagram consists of use cases and actors and show the interaction
between the use cases and the actors.
The purpose is to show the interaction between the use cases and the actor. To represent the system requirements from users perspective. It must be remembered that the use cases are the functions that are to be
performed in the module.
An actor can be an end-user of the system or an external system.
SEQUENCE DIAGRAMS
The purpose of the sequence diagram is o show the flow of the functionality through a
use case. In other words, we call it mapping process in terms of data transfers from the actor
through corresponding objects.
To represent the logical flow of data with respect to a process. It must be remembered that the Sequence Diagram display objects and not the
classes.
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CLASS DIAGRAMS
Architects look at Class Diagrams to see if any class has to many functions and see if
they are required to be split.
This is one of the most important diagrams in development. This diagram breaks the class into three layers. One has the name, the second
describes its attributes and the third its methods. The private attributes
represented by a padlock to the left of the name.
The relationships are drawn between the classes. Developers use the Class Diagram to develop the classes. Analysis uses it to show the details of the system.
COLLABORATION DIAGRAMS:
Collaboration diagrams let you show a spatial organization of components and
interactions rather than concentrating on the sequence of the interactions. A collaboration
diagram shows an interaction organized around the objects in the interaction and their links to
each other. Unlike a Sequence diagram, a collaboration diagram shows the relationships
among the objects. On the other hand, a collaboration diagram does not show time as a
separate dimension, so sequence numbers determine the sequence of messages and the
concurrent threads. A collaboration diagram is a cross between a symbol diagram and
Sequence diagram, in that it describes a specific scenario by numbered arrows that show the
movement of messages during the course of a scenario.
The Collaboration diagram may be used to:
Describe a specific scenario by depicting the movement of messages between theobjects
Show a spatial organization of objects and their interactions, rather than the sequenceof the interactions
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USECASE DIAGRAMS
1. Administrator
Fig1.usecase diagram for administrator
Administrator:
Login:Administrator must have a valid login id to enter into the site. View /Delete Donors:Admin can view or delete the donors if needed. View/ Delete Blood Banks: Admin can view or delete the Blood Banks if needed. View/ delete Hospitals: Admin can view or delete the Hospitals if needed.
view/deletes donor's
view/deletes hospitals
view/delete blood banks
manages database
Administrator
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Manage Database:Admin can Manage all the Database.
2. Blood Donor
Fig2.usecase diagram for Blood donor
Blood Donor
Registration:Donor has to register into the website for donating blood. View Blood Banks:Donor can view the Stock details of registered blood banks. View Hospital: Donor can view the Stock details of registered Hospitals. View Other Donors:Donor can also view the list of other donors
register to website
view blood bank stock and details
view hospital stock and details
views other donor's details
Blood donor
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3. Blood banks/Hospitals
Fig3.usecase diagram for Blood Banks/Hospitals
Blood Banks/Hospitals
Hospitals/Blood Bank Details:Blood Banks and hospitals can view details of otherBlood banks and hospitals.
Change password:Blood Banks and hospitals can change there password. Provide Blood Details:Blood Banks and hospitals can provide the details. View Donor Details: Blood Banks and hospitals can also view other donors. Update Blood Stock:Blood Bank and hospitals can update the stock details i.e
number of units of Blood available.
vies hospital/bloodbank details
change password
provide blood details
view donor details
Updates blood s tock details
Blood
banks/Hospitals
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4. Visitor
Fig4.usecase diagram for visitor
Visitor
Searches for blood Donor: visitor searches for the blood donor according to hisneed in the near by area.
Searches for Hospitals/Blood banks: visitor can search for blood in blood Banksand
hospitals.
Provide Mail:Donors complete details are mailed if needed to the visitor byproviding his mail-id.
searches for blood donor
searches for hospitals/blood banks
provide his /her mail-id for
donor/BB/hosp. details
Visitor
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CLASS DIAGRAM
A class diagram is one of the most important of the diagrams in development.
The diagram breaks the class into three layers. One has the name, the seconddescribes its attributes and the third its method.
The relationships are drawn between the classes. Developers use the class diagram to develop the classes. Analyses use it to show the details of the system. Architects look at class diagrams to see if any class has too many functions and
see if they are required to be split.
Class diagrams are useful in all forms of object-oriented programming.
Fig5.Class diagram
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SEQUENCE DIAGRAMS:
Sequence diagrams show a detailed flow for a specific use case or even just part of a
specific use case. They are almost self explanatory; they show the calls between the
different objects in their sequence.
To represent the logical flow of data with respect to a process. It must be remembered that the sequence diagram display objects and not the
classes.
1. Administrator
Fig6.Sequence diagram for administrator
:Administrator :application :database
Login with username and password
Check with the database
Authenticate
Confirmation
View/Manage/Delete donor's
Update donor details
Acknowledge Update
View/Manage/Delete BB's/Hospitals
Update BB/hospital details
Acknowledge Update
Request for logout
Logout successful
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2. Blood donor/ Blood bank/ Hospital registration
Fig7.sequence diagram for Blood donor/Blood Bank/Hospital
donor/Hosp/BB application database
provide information details
submit the details
saving the details
save for successful registration
success fully registered
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3. Blood Donor
Fig8.sequence diagram for Blood Donor
donor application database
login
check authentication
validating the information
authorised user
display donor page
click for BB/hosp s tock details
redirected
processing
display the results reques ted
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4. Blood banks/ Hospitals
Fig9.sequence diagram for Blood Banks/Hospitals
:Blood
banks/Hospitals
:application :database
Login with username and password
check with the database
Authenticate
confirmation
change password enter the new password
Saving
Password changed Acknowledgement
Provide its blood detailsstore the details
saving
confirmation
update its stock details
update stock
Acknowledge update
Request for logout
Logout successful
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5. Visitor
Fig10.sequence diagram for visitor
visitor application database
search for required donor
check the information
searching
get the donor details
search for BB/hospitals
check information
searching for details
post the details
get the details
provide mail id for personal details of donor/BB/hospsaving
processing
send details to mail id
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COLLABORATION DIAGRAMS:
1. Administrator
Fig11.collaboration diagram for administrator
2. Donor/Blood bank/Hospital registration
Fig.12collaboration diagram for donor/Blood Bank/hospital registration
:Administ
rator
:applicati
on
:databas
e
1: Login with username and password
2: Check with the database3: Authenticate
4: Confirmation
5: View/Manage/Delete donor's
6: Update donor details
7: Acknowledge Update
8: View/Manage/Delete BB's/Hospitals
9: Update BB/hospi tal details
10: Acknowledge Update
11: Request for logout
12: Logout successful
donor/Hosp/BB
application
database
1: provide information details
2: subm it the details
3: saving the details
4: save for succes sful regis tration
5: successfully registered
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3. Blood Donor
Fig13.collaboration diagram for Blood donor
4. Blood banks/ Hospitals
Fig14.Collaboration Diagram for Blood banks /Hospitals
donor applicati
on
database
1: login
2: check authentication3: validating the information
4: authorised user
5: display donor page
6: click for BB/hosp s tock details
7: redirected8: processing
9: display the results requested
:Blood
banks/Hospitals
:applicati
on
:databas
e
1: Login with username and password
2: check with the database
3: Authenticate
4: confirmation
5: change password
6: enter the new password
7: Saving
8: Password changed Acknowledgement
9: Provide its blood details
10: store the details
11: saving
12: confirmation
13: update its stock details
14: update stock15: Acknowledge update
16: Request for logout
17: Logout successful
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5. Visitor
Fig.15 collaboration diagram for visitor
Activity Diagram
Activity diagrams are a loosely defined diagram technique for showing workflows of
stepwise activities and actions, with support for choice, iteration and concurrency. In the
UML, activity diagrams can be used to describe the business and operational step-by-step
workflows of components in a system. An activity diagram shows the overall flow of control.
visitor applicati
on
database
1: search for required donor
2: check the information
3: searching
4: get the donor details
5: search for BB/hospitals
6: check information
7: searching for details
8: post the details
9: get the details
10: provide mail id for personal details of donor/BB/hosp
11: saving
12: processing
13: send details to mail id
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Activity Diagram ForAdmin
Fig16.Activity diagram for admin
stop
start
Admin
logininvalid
search
Hospitals
search
Blood Bank
search
otherDonars
view Blood
Bank details
viwe donar
details
viewHospital
details
deleteHospital deleteBlood
Bankdelete Donars
valid
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Activity Diagram for User
Fig17.Activity dagram for user
start
user
login
searchHospitals
searchBlood Bank
searchotherDonars
view details view details view details
stop
invalid
valid
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Activity Diagram For Blood Banks
Fig18.Activity diagram for Blood Banks
start
Blood Bank
login
search
Hospitals
search
Blood Bank
search
otherDonars
stop
view details view details view details
invalid
valid
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Activity Diagram for Hospital
Fig19.Activity diagram for hospital
start
Hospital
login
invalid
search
Hospitals
search
Blood Bank
search
otherDonars
stop
view details view details view details
valid
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DATABASE DESIGN:
My Sql has been used as the database package under windows xp operating system.
My sql is a relational model and we created the database in the form of tables, relational
model gives us much flexibility in designing a database schema to model the database.
The main tables used in the Blood Donor Central Database and Web Portal database tables
are:
Blood Bank Details
Table1.Blood Bank Detail
Mail Messages:
uname varchar(30)
mail varchar(1500)
Table2.Mail Messages
bbname varchar(25)
address varchar(100)
zip varchar(25)
uname varchar(35)
email varchar(50)
phno varchar(15)
Opos varchar(10)
Oneg varchar(10)
Apos varchar(10)
Aneg varchar(10)
ABpos varchar(10)
ABneg varchar(10)
Bpos varchar(10)
Bneg varchar(10)
district varchar(35)
area varchar(35)
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Donor Profile
Table3.Donor Profile
Hospital Details:
Table4.Hospital Details
Uname varchar(20)
name varchar(20)
fname varchar(25)gend varchar(10)
age varchar(11)
email varchar(40)
address varchar(250)
district varchar(50)
Area varchar(50)
Hemoglobin varchar(10)
phno varchar(20)
bg varchar(5)ldd varchar(20)
Availability varchar(11)
hbname varchar(50)
address varchar(100)
zip varchar(25)
uname varchar(30)
email varchar(50)
phno varchar(15)
Opos varchar(10)
Oneg varchar(10)
Apos varchar(10)Aneg varchar(10)
ABpos varchar(10)
ABneg varchar(10)
Bpos varchar(10)
Bneg varchar(10)
district varchar(30)
area varchar(30)
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4 . IMPLEMENTATION
IMPLEMENTATION SCHEME
The implementation of this Blood Donor Central Database and Web Portal was done
by using JDK-1.6 and Tomcat-6.x as the programming tools and My Sql has been used as the
database package under windows xp or 7 operating system.
JDK_1.6 kit a software development kit for Java language. Tomcat-6.x is used to develop the
servlets and executing them. My sql is a relational model, we created the database in the form
of tables. The relational model gives us much flexibility in designing a database schema to
model the database.
MODULE DESCRIPTION
We have three modules:
Modules
1. Administrator
2. Blood Banks and Hospitals
3. Blood Donors
4. Visitors
Module Description
1.Administrator:
Administrator plays a very vital role. In this module the Admin maintains the information of
Blood donors, Hospitals, blood bank details. The admin has all rights to perform
manipulations like deletion of records of these modules whenever necessary. Administrator
should have access to all details of blood donors, Blood banks and Hospitals.
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2. Blood Banks and Hospitals
Blood Banks and hospitals can browse for blood donors in their nearby area and
can also login to their own account to change their password and to view the blood details of
blood banks/hospitals.
Hospitals and blood banks provide the stock details of the amount of blood
available with each of them, after they login, and can also constantly update their stock details
whenever there is a change in the number of units of blood available with them.
3. Blood Donors
Blood donor must do a quick register to the website or portal by filling in his
details, most importantly his location and blood group and contact details. He has the
feasibility to view the blood banks and hospitals registered in the website along with their
stock details ance the donor logs in with his username and password.
4. Visitors
The Visitors can also look for blood donors or Blood banks or hospitals in any
particular area and then do quick register and raise a ticket for Blood requirements.No user
can access any personal details of donors without providing his authenticated email. The
personal details of his requested blood donor will be then sent to his mail id thus providing
security.
SAMPLE CODE
1. Code for search:
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String type=null;
String dis =null;
%>
Donor's Details
Name
Mail-Id
District
Send Details
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Send Mail
Sorry No-Donor's
Blood Bank Details
Name
Mail-Id
Send Details
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con = DBConnection.dbConnection();
st = con.createStatement();
boolean bo = false;
rs = st.executeQuery("select * from bbank where baddress='"+dis+"' ");
while(rs.next())
{
String name1 = rs.getString(1);
String mid1 = rs.getString(5);
bo = true;
%>
Send Mail
Sorry No Blood Bank's
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Hospital Details
Name
Mail-Id
Send Details
Send Mail
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}
if(b)
{
}
else
{%>
Sorry No Hospital's
2. Code for sending mail:
Details mail
public class DetailsMail
{
String d_email = "[email protected]",
d_password = "savelifes",
d_host = "smtp.gmail.com",
d_port = "465",
m_to = " ",
m_subject = "Requested details",
m_text = "Requested details \n";
String ret = null;
public String mail(String tomail,String pass)
{
m_to = tomail;
System.out.println(m_to+pass);
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m_text = m_text + " "+pass;
Properties props = new Properties();
props.put("mail.smtp.user", d_email);
props.put("mail.smtp.host", d_host);
props.put("mail.smtp.port", d_port);
props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable","true");
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
//props.put("mail.smtp.debug", "true");
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", d_port);
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback", "false");
SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
try {
Authenticator auth = new SMTPAuthenticator();
Session session = Session.getInstance(props, auth);
//session.setDebug(true);
MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session);
msg.setText(m_text);
msg.setSubject(m_subject);
msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(d_email));
msg.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(m_to));
Transport.send(msg);
return("OK");
}
catch (Exception mex)
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{
mex.printStackTrace();
return("SORRY");
}
}
private class SMTPAuthenticator extends javax.mail.Authenticator
{
public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication()
{
return new PasswordAuthentication(d_email, d_password);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
//Mail sendmail=new Mail();
}
}
3. Deleting records by admin:
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Deleted
Back
try
{
String name,gen,mail,dist;
con = DBConnection.dbConnection();
st = con.createStatement();
rs = st.executeQuery("select * from donorprofile");
while(rs.next())
{
//no = rs.getString(1);
name = rs.getString(2);
gen = rs.getString(4);
mail = rs.getString(6);
dist = rs.getString(8);
String grp = rs.getString(12);
%>
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5.TESTING
The purpose of testing is to discover errors. Testing is the process of trying to
discover every conceivable fault or weakness in a work product. It provides a way to check
the functionality of components, sub assemblies, assemblies and/or a finished product It is the
process of exercising software with the intent of ensuring that the
Software system meets its requirements and user expectations and does not fail in an
unacceptable manner. There are various types of test. Each test type addresses a specific
testing requirement. Software testing is a critical element of software quality assurance and
represents the ultimate review of specification, design and code generation.
Testing Objectives include
1. Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding an error.2. A good test case is one that has a probability of finding an as yet undiscovered
error.
3. A successful test is one that uncovers an undiscovered error.Testing Principles
All tests should be traceable to end user requirements. Tests should be planned long before testing begins. Testing should begin on a small scale and progress towards testing in large. Exhaustive testing is not possible. To be most effective testing should be conducted by a independent third party.
Testing strategies
A Strategy for software testing integrates software test cases into a series of well planned
steps that result in the successful construction of software. Software testing is a broader topic
for what is referred to as Verification and Validation. Verification refers to the set of
activities that ensure that the software correctly implements a specific function. Validation
refers he set of activities that ensure that the software that has been built is traceable to
customers requirements.
.
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5.1 TEST CASES
Case1:
Input Actual output obtained output Description
Login as admin with
correct login details
Home page for
admin should be
displayed
Home page for
admin should be
displayed
Test successful.
Login as admin with
wrong login details
Home page for
admin should be
displayed
Error message will
be displayed in the
login page
Ivalid login-id and
password
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Case2:
Input Actual output obtained output Description
Providing valid mail-
id to obtain complete
details
Complete details are
mailed
Complete details are
mailed
Test successful
Providing invalid
mail-id to obtain
complete details
Complete details are
mailed
Sorry please check ur
mail-id
Valid mail-id should
be provided.
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Case 3:
Input Actual output obtained output Description
Login as Bloodbank
with correct logindetails
Home page for
Bloodbank should bedisplayed
Home page for
Bloodbank should bedisplayed
Test successful
Login as Bloodbank
with wrong login
details
Home page for
Bloodbank should be
displayed
Error message will
be displayed in the
login page
Ivalid login-id and
Password
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Case 4:
Input Actual output obtained output Description
Entering the details
in all the fields of
hospital registration
page.
login details are sent
to your mail-id
login details are sent
to your mail-id
Test successful.
Missing to enter
the details in some
fields of hospital
registration page
login details are sent
to your mail-id
Please enter numeric
zip value,name etc
Ivalid login-id and
Password
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Case 5:
Input Actual output obtained outpuat Description
Login as donor with
correct login details
Home page for the
donor should be
displayed
Home page for the
donor should be
displayed
Invalid Login-id and
password
Login as donor with
wrong login details
Home page for the
donor should be
displayed
Error message will
be displayed in the
home page
Test is successful.
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Case 6:
Input Actual output obtained output Description
Login as Hospitals
with correct login
details
Home page for
Hospitals should be
displayed
Home page for
Hospitals should be
displayed
Test successful
Login as Hospitals
with wrong login
Home page for
Hospitals should be
Error message should
be displayed in the
Ivalid login-id and
Password
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details displayed login page
SCREEN SHOTS
1. HOMEPAGE showing Blood donor Login and Visitor search for blood:
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2. Admin login page:
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3. Administrator views/manages/deletes donors:
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4. Administrator views/manages/deletes blood banks:
5. Administrator views/manages/deletes hospitals:
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6. Search showing different blood groups:
7. Search showing different districts to find donors:
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8. Showing no blood bank/donor/hospital available in particular area:
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9. Visitor providing his/her email details to find donors/blood banks/hospitals:
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10. Page displaying that the personnel details are mailed:
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11. Blood Banks registration page:
12. Blood Bank login page:
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13. Hospital Registration page:
14. Hospital login page:
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15.Changing Password for Hospital:
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16. Blood Donor registration page
:
17. Blood Donor Login:
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18. Displaying other donor/hospital/blood bank details for a particular use19. Donor
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Login Successful and on click shows the front page as:
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20.Blood Stock Available with Hospitals/blood banks:
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21. Hospital/Blood banks updating stock details:
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22. Terms and condition:
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CONCLUSION
The Blooddonor symbiosisproject has been successfully completed. The goal of the
system is achieved and the problems are solved. This project is developed in this manner that
is user friendly and required help is provided at different levels.
The Blood donor central database and web portal results in systems that supports
multiple end users, and provide them the means to donate as well as make effective searches
for the intended blood donors in case of emergency. These blood donors are internally and
accurately managed and run with the help of minimal administration. The primary objective
is to provide the interactive service to all the general users in this contemporary world. This
system certainly doesnt reduce the manpower but helps the development of the available
manpower and optimizes the man power.
Future Enhancements:
1) A new feature like sending the details of blood donation camps as message to alldonors can be added.
2) In future by using VOIP technology a feature of communicating directly withother donors in the case of emergency can be added.
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REFERENCES
[1]Abrutyn E, DA Goldman and WE Scheckler (eds). 1998. Transfusion services, in
Saunders Infection Control Reference Service. WB Saunders Company: Philadelphia, pp583587.
[2]American Association of Blood Banks (AABB). 2002. Standards For Blood Banks and
Transfusion Services, 21st ed. American Association ofBlood Banks: Bethesda, MD.
[3]American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force (ASATF). 1996. Practice guidelines for
blood component therapy.Anesthesiology 84(3): 732747.
[4]Lipscomb J and R Rosenstock. 1997. Health care workers: protecting those who protect
our health.Infec Control Hosp Epidemiol 18(6): 397399.
[5]Weiskopf RB et al. 1998. Human cardiovascular and metabolic response to acute, severe
isovolemic anemia.JAMA 279(3): 217221.