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Institute of Mycology & Plant Pathology, University

of the Punjab, Lahore.

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It is an annual herbs familyPolygonaceae.

It is a common weed in fields andgrassland of north America, chinaIndia.

It is one of the most problematicweeds of wheat in Pakistan.

R. dentatus is highly competitiveweed and can cause drastic yieldreduction in wheat field up to 67 %.

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Rumex dentatus growing in a wheat field

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Various chemical herbicides such as Topic 15WP, Puma Super 75 WP, Affinity 50WDG, BuctrilSuper etc. are very effective in controlling R.dentatus in wheat field in Pakistan

BUT

The use of chemicals has increased consumerconcern and their use is becoming more

restrictive due to: Carcinogenic effects,

Residual toxicity problems,

Environmental pollution

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Trichoderma is one of the most exploited fungal

biocontrol agents in agriculture for the management

of plant diseases caused by a wide spectrum offungal pathogens (Elade 2000).

However

The role ofTrichoderma species in weed

management has not been exploited so far.

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To find alternatives to

agrochemicals for themanagement of someproblematic weeds of wheat

by using cultural filtrates ofTrichoderma spp.

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gy

Test fungal species Trichoderma harzianum Trichoderma psedokoningii Trichoderma ressei Trichoderma viridi

(Obtained Fungal Culture Bank, IMPP PU Lahore)

Target weed species Rumax dentatus

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Pr epar ati on of cul tur alFi ltr ates of Tri choder maspp .

100 mL of Malt Extract Brothwas autoclaves in 250 mL flask. Fungal disks of 6 mm diameter

were added to each flask. Flasks were incubated on an

electric shaker for 28 days at 25C.

Medium was filtered throughWhattman No 1 Filter papers

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Fol iar spray bioassay R. dentatus seeds were sown in plastic pots of 8

cm diameter @ 10 seeds per pot. Foliar spray with cultural filtrates of the test

Trichoderma species were carried out on one-week and two-weeks old R. dentatus plants.

Two subsequent sprays were carried out with oneweek interval each.

Plants of control treatment were sprayed withdistilled water.

Plant were harvested after one month ofgermination.

Data regarding root and shoot length and

biomass were recorded. Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by

Duncans Multiple Range Test at 5% level ofsignificance using computer software COSTAT.

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RESULTS

W 1 W 2C

T. harzianum T. psedokoningii

T. ressei T. viridi

W 1 W 2C

W 1 W 2C

W 1 W 2C

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Results

A

0

9

18

27

36

45

1-week old 2-weeks old

Shootlength

(mm)

a aab

c c

aa

ab

cc

Control T. horzianum

T. psedokoningii T. ressei

T. viridi

B

0

7

14

21

28

35

1-week old 2-weeks old

Shootbiom

ass(mg)

d

bc

bc

b

cdcd

aa

d d

C

0

30

60

90

120

1-week old 2-weeks old

Rootlength(mm)

b-dab

c-e

e

bc

de

aa

c-e

e

D

0

10

20

30

40

1-week old 2-weeks old

Rootbiomass(mg)

dcd

b-d

d d

bc

aa

d

b

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Cultural filtrates ofT. harzianumand T. viridi are highly effective

against R. dentatus. Further studies regarding

isolation of herbicidalconstituents are in progress.

Conclusion

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