Final Project 23

AGRO BASED EQUIPMENT 2010-11

A PROJECT REPORT

ON

Agro base equipment sector

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA)

RESEARCH STUDENTS: UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF:

Rahul D. Golait Mr. Shiwaji Dawad

Rahul M. Mankar

Rahul Golar

Rajesh Banait

DATTA MEGHE INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

ATREY LAYOUT, NAGPUR

1


YEAR 2010-2011

2


S.NO. CONTENTS PAGE NO.1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY2. INTRODUCTION 1-83. CHAPTER I

FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF MEDIA 9-19

A.PRINT MEDIAB.ELECTRONIC MEDIA

4. CHAPTER II POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF MEDIA ON DIFFERENT

SECTIONS OF SOCIETY20-22

5. CHAPTER III A DETAILED SWOT ANALYSIS OF MEDIA 23-25

A.SWOT ANALYSIS OF PRINT MEDIAB.SWOT ANALYSIS OF ELECTRONIC MEDIA

6. OBJECTIVES OF A STUDY 267. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 27-28

A.DATA COLLECTIONB.SAMPLE DESIGNC.SCOPED.LIMITATIONS

8. RESEARCH ANALYSIS AT GLANCE 29-419. INTERPRETATION OF DATA 42-4310. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 44-45

BIBLIOGRAPHY 46ANNEXURE 47-51

A.QUESTIONNAIRE I ) QUESTIONARIES OF FARMER II) QUESTIONARIES OF DELER

3


EXECUTIVE SUMMERY

Executive summery:

The objective of this study is to know the agro equipment sector in India and by

this study help to evaluate the modern and traditional equipment use by farmer and

how to benefits to the farmer for increasing the production and minimize the labor

cost..

The research methodology using in this research is descriptive type result. Firstly I

took interview of farmer and I knew the agro equipment use by farmer. Also I fill

the questionnaires by the farmer and discuss on various issues like what they think

about agro equipment is useful or not. Similarly I took the interview of some dealer

in Nagpur for analysis sale of agro equipment and trends which company product

are more demandable etc. And from that study I conclude the results which I

interpreted in following research.

Another data like traditional equipment history etc. are gathered by using the

internet and books.

But at end the result is limited to small sample size and small area.

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INTRODUCTION

An introduction about project

Agro base equipment Market in India

Federation of Indian Chambers and Commerce and Industry (FICCI)

India in the Global Farm Equipment Market Indian market is expected to contribute

nearly 10 % in 2006 to the worldwide farm Equipment market estimated at $ 66 Billion.

Over the last few years Indian agricultural equipment market has been widely exposed to

International trade. Global majors like John Deere, New Holland, Carraro and

Same Deutz have already made an Entry in Indian market, whereas Indian players

are looking for alliances with foreign partners overseas.

Many factors affecting agricultural equipment sales in India include the monsoon,

government declared support prices for crops, commodity prices, crop production

expenses (including fuel, fertilizer, pesticides and other costs) and the credit policy

announced by banks.

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Status of Farm Mechanization in India

Even though farm mechanization shows an increasing trend, there are wide ranging disparities in the levels of mechanization across states.

Northern States such as Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh (particularly Western and Tarai belt) have achieved a faster growth in mechanization over various Plans The sale of other implements and machines like combine harvesters, threshers and Other power-operated equipment have been increasing almost throughout the country The pace of mechanization in North-Eastern States has not been satisfactory due to Constraints such as hilly topography, socio-economic conditions, high cost of transport, lack of institutional financing and lack of farm machinery manufacturing industries Mechanization in Western and Southern states of the country viz., Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and certain areas of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh etc., has increased with the increase in area under irrigation and also with the growing awareness among farmer

6


Trend of Machinery Population in Indian Agriculture (Number in million)

Machinery 1950-51 1960-61 1970-71 1980-81 1990-91 2000-01

Tractor 0.008 0.03 0.09 0.428 1.233 2.641

Power tiller 0.017 0.08 0.095 0.118

Combine harvesters 0.003 0.006

Electric Pump 0.02 0.1 1.029 4.33 8.91 12.514

Diesel Pump 0.083 0.23 1.546 3.101 4.659 5.94

Power sprayer/duster 0.045 0.124 0.2 0.311

Growth of Mechanical Power Operated Agricultural Machinery (no in thousands)

Implement 1971-

72

1976-

77

1981-

82

1986-

87

1995-

96

2000-

01

Combine (tractor) 3.5 5.6 12 37 61.5 109

Harvester (self

propelled)

4.5 3 3 18 53 55.7

M.B & disc. Plough 573 925 1429 2392 4004 5427

Disc. Harrow 556 1292 1892 3574 6751 9826

Cultivator 815 1766 3150 5956 11558 18444

7


Seed Drill/Seed fert.-

drill

246 640 1606 2777 7301 12609

Planter 85 244 305 443 643 798

Leveler 494 1201 4140 7008 11861 15912

Potato digger 569 878 1355 21813

Total threshers 2058 5041 10250 13638 19089 22104

a) Wheat thresher 1825 4278 8319 11599 16172 18763

b) Paddy thresher 136 575 1318 1148 1622 1767

c) Other threshers 97 188 613 89 1295 1574

Sugarcane crusher 872 1045 1208 1512 1892 2133

Overall world agriculture equipment market is likely grow at a rate of 4.8% and is

expected to reach about $ 80 billion in 2010

2006 2007 2008 2009 20100

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

8


Indian agricultural equipment market is expected to reach $ 8 billion by 2010

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Number of tractors per million hectares of gross cropped area. 1970-2010

9


1970 1980 1992 2003 201100

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

SCOPE OF MECHANIZATION

Farm mechanization has been helpful to bring about a significant improvement in

agricultural productivity.

the drudgery for human labour is reduced and unhygienic operations such as

handling of farm yard manure can be done with machinery

The timeliness of operations has assumed greater significant in obtaining optimal

yields from different crops, which has been possible by way of The various

operations such as land leveling, irrigation, sowing and planting, use of fertilizers,

plant protection, harvesting and threshing need a high degree of precision to

increase the efficiency of the inputs and reduce the losses. For example, sowing of

the required quantity of seed at proper depth and uniform application of given

dose of fertilizer can only be possible with the use of proper mechanical devices.

Thirdly, the time taken to Perform sequence of operations is a factor determining

10


the cropping intensity. So as to ensure timeliness of various operations, it is quite

inevitable to use such mechanical equipments which have higher output capacity

and cut down the number of operations to be performed. This has helped in

increasing area under cultivation and increase in cropping intensity. Higher

productivity of land and labour is another factor, which clearly justifies farm

mechanization. Not only the output per hour is more, the total labour

requirement is also reduced. The displaced labour may, of course be absorbed in

the other alternatives created by the increased mechanization such as

manufacturing, repair and service shops and the sale services. Thus, it only results

in the shifting of the labour from one vocation to the other. As production

increases with mechanization of the farm operations, it creates a good scope for

commercialization of agriculture. Normally, there are good chances to reduce the

cost of production if farm operations are mechanized as it saves labour, both

human and bullock. In the absence of mechanization, the ever-increasing wage

rate of human labour and cost of upkeep of draught animals could have increased

the cost of production much higher.

Further, large scale production means less per unit cost on the farms. Moreover,

it reduces the weather risk and risk of non-availability of labour and thus wastage

is minimized. Timely marketing is also made possible by quick mechanical

transportation, cleaning and handling. The land thus released can be brought

under commercial crops.

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Sowing and plantingWeeding, inter cultivation, plant protectionHarvesting and threshingPost harvest and agro processing


The use of farm mechanization enlarges the employment opportunities both on

farms and in nonfarm sectors through increase in area under plough, multiple

cropping, development of agro-industries and related services. On the other

hand, displacement of human labour does take place and demand for semiskilled

labour in place of unskilled labour is increased.

The agricultural equipment industry spans all activities across the value chain

1. Tractors2. Leveler

s3. Ploughs4. Dozers5. Scraper

s

1. Drill 2. Seeder3. Planter4. Dibbler5. Transpl

anter

1. Shovel/ plough

2. Harrow 3. Tiller4. Sprayer 5. Duster

1. Harvester2. Thresher 3. Digger4. Reaper5. Sheller6. Sickle

1. Seed extractor

2. Dehusker3. Huller/

dehuller4. Cleaner 5. Grader6. Mill7. Dryer

National Policy on Farm Mechanization

Land development,

tillage, seed bed preparation

12


There is no separate National Policy on Agricultural Mechanization. This is covered under the regular Agricultural Policy the government promotes agricultural mechanization with the following goals in mind:

Agricultural mechanization should lead to a sustainable increase in yields and cropping intensity with the objective of meeting the planned rate of growth in agricultural production and maintaining it.

The income of agricultural workers should rise at a satisfactory rate so that the disparity between urban and rural incomes is contained. The agricultural worker should have his rightful opportunity to lead a dignified life.

The benefits of agricultural mechanization should apply to all types of farmers including small and marginal ones in different regions of the country, particularly rain fed areas.

Agricultural mechanization should create a worker friendly environment especially for women workers by lessening hard labour, health hazards and improve safety in production operations.

Agricultural mechanization should lead to a reduced cost of production of agricultural commodities. This should increase the income of farmers and impart a price advantage while competing for export contracts in the international market.

Farm Mechanization Note

Farm mechanization is 100% centrally sponsored scheme implemented by Agriculture Department of Government of Maharashtra from 1985 – 86. This mainly e economy of Maharashtra State is mainly depending on Agriculture and the use of farm implements/machinery is becoming essential. Day to day reduction in the number of laborers on agriculture resulted into increase in the labour cost and also affected the timely cultivation. So to popularize the farm mechanization and to increase the use of some the essential implements/machineries in the agriculture, these are provided on subsidy.

Objectives –

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1. To increase use of improved implements in order to reduce the cost of production.2. To overcome the problem of labour availability and to undertake timely farming

operations.3. To encourage farm mechanization.

The scheme is implemented by Agriculture Development Officer, Zilla Parishad in all districts of Nagpur division.

The various implements such as tractor, power tiller, Bullock drawn and Tractor/power operated implement, water lifting devices, plant protection implements are provided on 25 to 50% subsidy. These implements are provided on the rates fixed by the government and the supplying agencies are Maharashtra Agro – Industries Development Corporation, Maharashtra State Small Scale Industries Development Corporation and Maharashtra State Co-operative Marketing Federation Ltd., Mumbai.

Sr. No.

Name of Implement / Machinery Subsidy percentage

Maximum limit is Rs.

1 Tractor (up to 40 HP) 25 45000

2 A) Power Tiller (above 8 HP)B) Power Tiller (up to 8 HP)

40

40

45000

25000

3 Power operated implements such as Reaper, Paddy Transplanter, etc.

25 40000

14


4 Special Implements

A) Potato planter, Plough (single/double), Dal Mill, Reaper, Mini rice Mill, Cleaner cum Grader, Mobile fruit Harvester, etc.

B) Straw reaper, Reaper tractor drawn, Seed cum Fertilizer drill, Rotavator, Sugarcane cutter/planter, Vegetable seeder, etc.

25

40

15000

20000

5 Manually Operated Implements 25 2000

6 Bullock Drawn Implements 25 2500

7 Bullock drawn Carrier 25 6000

8 Tractor/Power Tiller drawn Implements

A) MB/disc plough, CultivatorB) Power Tiller drawn implements set of 3 to

4 implements, such as harrow, Cultivator, seed drill, etc.

25

25

10000

10000

9 Power Thresher 25 12000

10 Diesel / Electric Pump set (7.5 HP) 50 10000

11 Conoweeder 50 3000

12 Plant Protection Implements

1) Manually Operated2) Power Operated Spray pump 3) Tractor Mounted Sprayers4) Aero Blast Sprayers

25

25

25

25

800

2000

4000

25000

15


Farm Mechanization under National Horticulture Mission

Sr. No.

Type of Machinery Financial Assistance List of Machinery

1 Power operated Machines/tools, Power saw and Crop Protection implements

50% of the cost of implements limited to Rs. 17,500/-

1) Power saw2) Power secateurs3) Power operated Plant

Protection equipments 4) Brush cutter 5) Pruner and loppers6) Power mulch

marker/layer 7) Fruit pickers

2 Power operated Machines including Rotavator upto 20 HP

1) 50% of the cost of set of implements limited to Rs. 60,000/-

2) At least 3 attachments compulsory

3) Project based credit linked back ended subsidy

1) Power tiller with rotavator

2) Vegetable seedling transplanter

3) Weeding and intercultural operation tools attached to tractor/power tiller

4) Pneumatic planter for planting vegetable seeds attached to power tiller/tractor

5) Tractor mounted sprayers

6) Mulch laying machine 7) Fruits/Vegetable

harvester8) Root/tuber washer9) Root/tuber crop planter10) Root/tuber crop

digger/harvest11) Pit/hole digger

4) 12)

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3 Power operated Machines 20 HP and above with attachments and implements

1) 50% of the cost limited to Rs. 1.50 lack for one set

2) Project based credit linked back ended subsidy

3) At least 3 attachments compulsory

1) Hydraulic picking platforms

2) Root/tuber crop planter3) Root/tuber crop

digger/harveste4) Seed cum fertilizer drill5) Clump remover6) Pit/hole digger7) Tractor mounted

cultivator/rotavator 8) Boom / Power sprayers9) Tractor mounted

sprayer

4 Importing new machinery/implements for Demonstration of Horticulture in Public Sector

1) 100% of the cost limited to Rs. 50 lack per machine

2) Project based

1) Pneumatic planter

2) Hydraulic pruning machine

3) Mobile fruit picker

4) Mechanical harvesting

Implements and Machinery under National Food Security Mission

Sr. No.

Type of Machinery Financial Assistance List of Machinery

1 Farm implements 50% limited to Rs. 3000/- per implement

1) Hand weeder2) Wheel hoe 3) Rake4) Ridger5) Maker

(wooden/iron)6) Furrow opener7) Other

implements such as three tyne Tow wheel

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cultivator, winnowing fan, Conoweeder, and other bullock drawn implements etc.

2 Pump set (Diesel of Electric upto 10 HP) having ISI standard (IS 10804 – 1994)

50% limited to Rs. 10000/-

3 Knap sack Sprayer – Hand operated


4 Knap sack Sprayer – Power operated


5 Rotavator 50% limited to Rs. 3000/-

6 Zero till seed drill/Seed cum fertilizer drill/Multi crop planter


7 Machinery under innovative activity

100% of the cost of implements / machinery

1) Fertilizer broadcaster

2) Urea Bricket applicator

3) Mini Dal Mill 4) Reaper

Proposed Program from Rashrtiya Krishi Vikas Yojana for 2009 – 10

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District Pending Proposal at MAIDC Remark

Number Amount (in lakh)

Wardha 550 51.79 Ele.Pump-532, Tractor – 16, Khishivator – 1, Power tiller - 1

Nagpur 540 42.12 Oil Engine – 115, Pump - 425

Bhandara 10 4.50 Tractor – 10

Gondia Nil 0.00 Nil

Chandrapur 54 18.27 Tractor – 8, Khishivator – 4, Cultivator – 15, Power tiller – 23, other – 4

Gadchiroli 82 11.59 Tractor – 9, Pump set – 73

Total 1236 128.26

Farm Mechanization Target for 2010 – 11

District wise target

Wardha Nagpur Bhandara Gondia Chandrapur Gadchiroli Total

19


Item

Tractor 7 9 5 11 8 6 46

Power tiller

1 5 0 0 13 2 21

Paddy transpl.

0 0 0 0 1 0 1

Sp. Power

operated mach.

3 5 0 0 3 0 11

Manually operated

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Bullock operated

17 4 0 0 39 0 60

Tractor / tiller

operated

2 6 0 2 1 0 1

Power Thresher

9 0 2 21 0 0 32

Diesel/Ele.

Pump

203 298 257 202 231 129 1320

Plant Prot.

Implements

Manually operated

0 0 0 0 0 82 82

20


Power operated

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Tractor operated

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 242 327 264 236 296 219 1584

Comparison of subsidy o various implements/machinery under different Schemes

Sr. No

Name of Implement / Machinery

Cost of Implement (Approved by Govt. of Mah. for subsidy)

Subsidy norms under various schemes

Farm Mechanization

NFSM NHM ISOPOM

1 Tractor up to 40 HP

25% Rs. 45000 -- 50% Rs. 1.5 lakh for tractor + at least 3 attachments

--

2 Power tiller up to 8 HP

Rs. 126885 (VST)

40% Rs. 45000 -- 50% Rs. 60000 for power tiller with rotavator

21


3 Power tiller above 8 HP

Rs. 140598 (CAMCO)

40% Rs. 25000

Tractor drawn Harvester cum Thresher suited for crop like Green gram, Black gram, soyabean, Tur Paddy, Wheat etc.

The available harvesters are big in size and heavy in weight require large area for operation. Due to heavy weight soil gets compacted affecting its physical fertility.

Tractor drawn small Harvester cum Thresher should operate in the intercrop e.g. in Soyabean : Tur intercrop, where the soyabean crop is sown in 5 to 6 feet interspaces can be harvested without disturbing Tur crop.

Paddy Transplanter – Because of labour shortage during transplanting season of Paddy, There is a growing demand for Paddy Transplanter which suits to the local area. The available transplanter needs large leveled area, but in Vidarbha the paddy fields are divided into small bunds (khachre)

Increase the subsidy limit and make it at par with other ongoing schemes – There is a need to increase the maximum subsidy limit provided for tractor and tractor drawn power implements/ machinery to nearing percentage subsidy announced by the

22


Government for e.g. in case of tractor subsidy in 25% of the cost limited to Rs. 45000/- as the cost of tractor ranges from 3.5 lack and the subsidy comes to about 8 to 13% only.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research methodology

Research study

This chapter deals with the following issues related to research study.

1. Research study

2. Research methodology adopted

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research design:

A research design calls for developing the most efficient plan of gathering of information. The

design of a research study is based on the study .A research design is a type of blueprint prepared

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depending on various types of blueprints available for the collection, measurement and analysis

of data.

A research design is a specification of the methods and procedures for acquiring the needed

information. It is overall framework of the project that stipulates that information is to be

collected from which source by what procedures.

Sampling:

An integral component of a research design is the sampling. Specifically, it addresses these

questions; whom to survey (the sample unit), how many to survey (the sample size), and how to

select them (the sampling procedure) making a consensus study of the entire universe will be

impossible on the account of time and money. Hence sampling becomes inevitable.

Data Collection Method:

Data collection is an elaborate process in which the research marks a planned search for all

relevant data. The data collection process follows the formulation of research design including

the sample plan. Data can be classified as primary data and secondary data. Primary data is the

data gathered for the first time by the researcher, secondary data is the data borrowed by the

researcher from secondary sources.

Primary data is original data collected by the researcher first hand. Primary data can be

collected through observational studies, Market surveys of experiments. There are several

methods of collecting primary data, particularly in surveys and descriptive researches.

Observation method

Interview method

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Through questionnaires

In marketing research, field survey is commonly used to collect primary data from the

respondent .Surveys can be (a) personal It is common practice to use structured questionnaire

prepared in advance, to get the necessary to design suitable questionnaire, conduct a pilot survey

and undertake a pre-testing of the questionnaire .the pre-testing will enable the researcher to

realize shortcoming of his questionnaire.

Secondary data means data that are available, that is they refer to data, which have already

been collected and analyzed by someone else. When researcher utilizes secondary data, he has to

look into various sources from where he can obtain data. Usually published data is available in:

Various government publications;

Technical and trade journals;

Books, magazines and newspapers;

Report prepared by research scholars, universities economists etc in different fields;

Public records and statistics, historical document and other sources of published information.

Internet

In this study data is collected from secondary sources such as, new agro base equipment in

market, government scheme.

Research Methodology Adopted

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Research Design : Descriptive Research

Research Method : Simple Random Sampling

Population : farmer in Saoner region

.

Sampling Size : 20 farmer who use agro equipment

: 10 dealers who sale agro equipment

Research design : Descriptive research

The objective of my project is evaluating the market of the agro equipment in India I likely to

be interested in such as market conditions, and so on.

Where I have research merely examines “what is”, also hence the descriptive research

method is better to use than any other method.

Sample method : Simple Random Sampling Method

Sample is only a portion of the universe of population. According is to get maximum

satisfaction, the object of sampling is to get maximum effort .properly done, and sampling

produces reprehensive data of the entire population.

Methods of sampling:

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For the research method I used Probability sampling which is also known as random

sampling or chance sampling .Under this sampling design every items of the universe has an

equal chance or probability, of being chosen for sample. This implies that the section of the

sample items is independent of the persons making the study –that is the sampling operation is

controlled objectivity so that the items will be chosen strictly at random.

The type used by me for the research is Simple Random Sample.

a) Simple random sample: every member of the population has an equal chance of selection.

b) Sample size: For the purpose of the project, sample size is 20 farmer of saoner region.

c) Sample unit: farmer in saoner region

Objectives & Hypothesis:

The objectives of study are evaluating the agro base equipment in India which is summarized as

follows:

1. To understand the increase the agriculture productivity by using agro base equipment.

2. To study agro base equipment is economically helpful to farmer.

3. To government provide facility or subsidy to farmer for increasing the use of agro base

equipment.

The hypotheses for the study is,

1. Is agro base equipment sector in India on a positive growth?

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Limitations:

Limitations are the hurdles faced by the researcher during the course of his study.

DATA COLLECTION

Once the problem is realized and work related with research design has been checked out the

task of data collection starts.

As the topic is suggesting special reference is given to agro base equipment So data related

agri equipment in India In order to collect the information, two kinds of data were collected.

Primary Data

Secondary Data

Method of data collection:

Primary data:

Primary data is collected from field study and information given by different farmer about to

another which type of agro equipment they use .Method of data collection used was

questionnaire and observation method where questionnaire is filled by the farmer of a Saoner

region.

Questionnaire

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Questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a series of questions and other prompts

for the purpose of gathering information from respondents. By the questionnaire the various parts

of study such as market share of company, the retailers view about distribution channels of

companies, Quality of oils are suggested.

Observation

Observation should made on the basis of evaluating the collected data, in this survey the

information given by the farmer tends to observe the mostly use agriculture equipment and

which equipment use for multiple crops.

Secondary data:

The data is collected from the government websites and agri equipment manufacturing & selling

companies.

DATA COLLECTION & INTERPRETATION

Sr.

No.

Name of the farmer Area

In acre

Government

Scheme use

Or not

Equipment hire

or not

Irrigation facility Mostly use

equipment

1 Manohar j. Mankar 4 YES NO YES Pump-set , cultivator

2 Jaykrushnarao

Khubadkar

5 YES NO YES Rotary Tractor tiller,

bakhar, Tractor

29


3 Vishwnath Wankhede 2 YES YES NO Plough, bakhar.

4 Bhanudas Dhoke 6 YES NO YES Tractor , sprinkler

caltivator,pamp-set

5 Baban Tandulkar 1 NO YES NO Khurpi, pawrah

6 Pram Shewale 7 YES NO YES Tractor , threshing

machine

7 Shankar Banker 5 YES NO YES Plough, bakhar

8 Vithobaji Shedke 8 YES NO YES Diesel pump, bakhar

9 Pusaramji Ambarte 3 YES YES NO Plough, khurpi,

manure spreader

10 Pandurag Deshmukh 2 NO YES NO Plough, bakhar

11 Badiramji Barmase 9 YES NO YES Tractor, caltivator,

12 Ghansyam

Dahihande

10 NO NO YES Tractor, Cultivator, pump-set, plough, rotavator, Manure spreader, Threshing machine, Khurpi,

pawrah, rotary tiller,

13 Rama Padole 3 YES YES YES Manure spreader,

Khurpi, pawrah

14 Shamraj Bahad 4 NO YES NO Plough,bakhar.

15 Ganesh Doiphode 7 YES NO YES Land leveler, plough,

30


16 Bhusan Jiwtode 3 YES YES NO Khurpi, pawrah

bakhar.

17 Anil Jadav 8 YES NO YES Sprinkler, rotary tiller,

Tractor

18 Devnath Mohankar 3 NO YES YES cultivator, plough,

bakhar

19 Govinda Rathod 8 YES NO YES

31


Tractor ,cultivator ,sprinkler , rotary tiller

20 Dinkar Jamdar 3 YES YES NO Diesel pump ,bakhar,

cultivator

Data Interpretation

On the basis of collected data by the questionnaires and observations the data interpreted as

follows.

1. which type of equipment maximum use by farmer

Name of the equipment No. of farmer use

Tractor 5

Threshers 3

cultivator 6

Bakhar 12

Plough 10

Interpretation 1:

32


This data shows that the bakhar & plough is maximum equipment use by farmer.

Interpretation 2:

Those farmer have more than 4-5 acre land they do not hire any agro equipment.

Generally farmers have their own equipment.

Interpretation 3:

Generally maximum farmer use government scheme.

Interpretation 4:

Those farmers have more than 4-5 acre land irrigation facility is available.

Interpretation 5:

Those farmer have more than 4-5 acre land they have large size equipment.

CONCLUSIONS

Difficulties in using farm equipment

33


Mechanization is the use of modern implements as well as motorized equipment like plough, harrow, ridger and also the use of agro-chemicals like insecticides, herbicides, fertilizers and improved seeds in the farm. The following are the problems facing farm mechanization.

1. Farmers are not educated and they find it difficult to operate the machines

2. Land tenure systems prevent large farm holdings.

3. The soil types do not suit the operational techniques of the machines.

4. No machines have been invented locally to work effectively on the soils.

5. The debris from clearing, stumping and logs pose an obstacle to mechanization.

6. Spare parts are not available locally.

7. There is inadequate manpower to service the implements and machines.

8. The nature of land, topography and landscape are not good for mechanization.

9. Farmers are too poor to be able to buy the expensive machines. This makes mechanization too costly to practice.

10. There are no adequate facilities for the repair of farm implements and equipment.

.

SUGGESTIONS

This can be referred to as the possible ways of improving agriculture through mechanization or the prospect of mechanization.

34


1. Providing good, qualitative education to farmers on modern systems of mechanization as against the traditional methods.

2. The systems of acquiring land through the land tenure system should be reviewed so as to enable prospective farmers have access to land.

3. Machines should be develop locally to suit the nature of crops and types of soil.

4. Farmer’s co-operative societies should pool resources together to buy machines for their members.

5. Banks should give enough capital to serious farmers who cannot afford the collateral for the purchase of machines.

6. Government should provide subsidies so that farmers can purchase machines.

7. Agro-service centers should be established in the rural areas to make tractors available to farmers at a cheaper rate.

8. More personnel should also be trained to repair and maintain machines

9. Loans should be granted to farmers.

10. Spare parts to be sold at subsidized rate

11. There should be adequate research

12. Establishment of farm mechanization hiring units.

35


BIBLOGRAPHY

www.gov.nic.in

ANNEXURE

QUESTIONNAIRE ( iz’ukoyh )

36


(This information only for the purpose of academic project not for the any other purpose)

(gh ekghrh QDr “kkys; iz;ksxk djhrk okij.;kr ;s.kkj vlqu ;k ekghrh pk okij nql&;k dqBY;kgh

dkekdjhrk dj.;kr ;s.kkj ukgh-)

NAME: ( uko )

____________________________________________________________________

ADDRESS: (iRrk )

__________________________________________________________________

OCCUPATION:

(O;olk; )____________________________________________________________

CONTACT NO. ( Qksu

ua] )____________________________________________________________

1. Area of land (tkxsps {ks+

+=QG_)____________________________________________________

2. Use of equipment (“kssrhrhy okij.;kr ;s.kk&;k midj.kkaph ;knh )

_________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

_____

3. Irrigation or not ( flapukph O;oLFkk vkgs dh

ukgh] )____________________________________

37


___________________________________________________________

4. Use of government scheme ( rqEgh “kklukpk ;kstuakpk Qk;nk ?ksryk dh

ukgh])_______________

___________________________________________________________________________

___

5. How the equipment are useful for you ((“ksrhr okij.;kr ;s.kkjh midj.ks gh rqeP;k d’;k

izdkjs mi;ksxh vkgsr])

_______________________________________________________________

6. Are you owner of that equipment or have you hired it (rqEgh ;k midj.kkps Lo%rk ekyd

vkgkr dh gs midj.k rqEgh HkkMsrRokrj ?ksrys vkgs] )

______________________________________________

7. Do you have any equipment provided by government?( rqEgkyk “kklukus iqjoysyh dkgh

midj.ks rqeP;k dMs vkgs dk ?

_____________________________________________________________

QUESTIONNAIRE

(FOR DELEARS)

38


(This information is only for the purpose of academic project and not for the any other purpose.)

NAME: _________________________________________________________________

ADDRESS: ______________________________________________________________

CONTACT NO.: _________________________________________________________

EMAIL _________________________________________________________________

1. Types of

equipments.______________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

2. Demand of equipment __________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

3. Facilities provided to farmer ______________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

4. Which company has more demand ________________________________________

39


__________________________________________________________________________

5 How much rate of interest do you charge from the farmer for purchasing any

equipment on credit basis _________________________________________________

_______________________

6 Record of sale of last year ________________________________________________

Date:

Place: Signature

40

Documents

Final Project 23