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7/31/2019 Final Project (CNG)
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Project Management
Table of contents
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................3
BACKGROUND PROBLEM ANALYSIS .............................................................................5
GOALS ....................................................................................................................................6OBJECTIVES ...........................................................................................................................7
MARKET ANAYSIS ...............................................................................................................7
PROJECT PLAN (METHODOLOGY) ...................................................................................8
Project Monitoring ..................................................................................................................18Project evaluation ..................................................................................................................19
Total budgeting .......................................................................................................................19
Project profitability analysis ...................................................................................................21Annexure -1 ............................................................................................................................22
Annexure II ...........................................................................................................................24
Annexure-III ...........................................................................................................................25Annexure-IV ...........................................................................................................................26
Annexure-V ............................................................................................................................27
PART I ....................................................................................................................................27
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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Thanks to almighty Allah for enabling me to fulfill all the requirements for
the completion of this report.
It would not be a justice in presenting this report without mentioning the
people around me who have been inextricably related with the completion of
this report. For assisting me in all respect and regards to complete this report
my heart felt thanks to my course coordinator Mr. Naeem Bukhari, who
enriched my knowledge with wealth led ideas to pursue and power of writing
this report. It could not have been possible to accomplish this report without
her thoughtful guidance and expertise. It is also a great pleasure to record
honorable regards to all those who helped me lot in learning and enhancing
my knowledge and ability during this report especially to Mr. Nadeem Shah
(Manager, Caltex, F-8 markaz ayuab market), Mr. Imran Moonis (owner of
CNG station at Sheikhupura) and Mr. Altaf hussan ansari ( Deputy Director
OGRA) helped me a lot for this project report.
SAJJAD AHMED RAUF
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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Today the most profitable and for the safe investment the business which is to be
considered in Pakistan is the CNG station. This is considered it as most economic viable
business and gives good return to the investors. Though the period of investment in the
start is longer which consist of about 9 to 11 months But the most important point is thethis business has no any kind of risk but only the certain criteria has to fulfilled while
running the business that is to keep the health and environment safe and should follow
the safety measures and there is no threats from the environment and as well to the
environment. The area which we have selected is the most suitable area for the business
out side the populated area, the first and for most requirements for CNG stations.
During the project various people helped me to go through the whole process of CNG
station. Total overall project cost is approximately about the Rs.45000000. though itseems a huge cost at the start but the return of the project is for the longer period and all
the project is done with proper planning and guideline and all the criteria try to fulfill
before the start of the object like license from the ministry of petroleum and gas. And
then the NOCs are followed. Throughout the project it is monitored well and all
activities shown in this project is properly sequenced according to the project.
INTRODUCTION
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) essentially consists of methane as an alternate fuel source for vehicles.
It is the most environmentally friendly, safe, and economical fuel source on the market today. As
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opposed to popular belief, CNG is not a new fuel source; rather it has been in use for quite some time
now. Vehicles in the United States of America, United Kingdom, Canada, China, India, Argentina,
Brazil and Pakistan are being run on this fuel. In most developed countries CNG is being promoted for
environmental reasons as opposed to economic reasons in developing countries like Pakistan. CNG is an
old and well-proven fuel alternative and with the passage of time and due to demands of the consumer a
lot of R&D and innovations have taken place. CNG equipment manufacturers have been investing a lot
of money in research and development so as to improve this technology and make it convenient and
available for consumers globally.
Natural Gas is one of the most valuable natural resources abundantly available in our country. The
people of Pakistan have been using the petroleum products as a fuel in their automobiles, thus spending a
huge amount of foreign exchange on import of petroleum products. Moreover, the Government of
Pakistan has taken certain concrete steps in order to promote the use of natural gas as a fuel substitute in
the automobiles. Due to the efforts made by the Government and comparatively low prices of gas, more
than 800,000 vehicles have already been converted to operate on Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)
fueling system all over Pakistan.
Due to high cost of petroleum products, lots of vehicles are switching over to CNG. At present, there are
more than 950 CNG stations operating in the Country and this number is insufficient to meet the rising
demand of CNG in the coming years.
The total project cost for setting up the CNG filling stations has been estimated at Rs.31.13 million. It
includes land, building, CNG equipment and machinery, spares, along with the preliminary expenses and
working capital.
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is produced when the natural gas is compressed into cylinders to be
used as a fuel in the automobiles. The compressed natural gas has been used as an automobile fuel since
1940, and over the years, the technology has been modified and refined. In the recent years, the usage of
CNG as an automobile fuel has significantly increased because of its low cost and environment friendly
nature.
CNG STATION
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BACKGROUND PROBLEM ANALYSIS
Today in Pakistan the CNG is most economical fuel being used in the motor vehicles. The only reason is
the increasing prices of the petrol and disel at the same time. Only due to this reason the no of vehicles
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has been increased tremendously from last 2 years and along with this the investments are also is there in
this sector. And still in Pakistan there is a great opportunities for this sector in Pakistan.
The problem area which I have identified that the people are facing problem for CNG while traveling on
motorway M2 from Lahore to Islamabad. On motorway there is only two CNG stations are working one
is at SUKAKI and second is at BEHRA rest area. One site has been proposed by the government of
Pakistan on CHAKRI rest area but it is still under consideration. The major problem which the people
are facing while traveling toward the Islamabad there is no CNG station, they found the CNG station
within the city of Islamabad.
Secondly government is also interested in launching the CNG buses, which will open the big market for
the investors again in this sector. The no of vehicles will again increase with the addition of buses and as
well the no of CNG stations will also increase in this respect. So there is a open market for all people.
So in this respect I am interested in launching the CNG station at my proposed location in Islamabad so
that it may possible for the people to get the CNG fuel within the maximum reach of people.
GOALS
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To provide the batter service and satisfy their need with
profit making in order to save the environment.
OBJECTIVES
My objectives towards the this business is,
To provide the solution of problem for the people using CNG vehicles
To make my investment more safe and profitable
To establish my business in the same sector and flourish it
MARKET ANAYSIS
Today in Pakistan the CNG is considered to be the most economical fuel which is being used. According
to the market study when we undergo the demand study and supply forces both ends have tremendous
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change during the last two three years. This business has been flourishing beyond the expectation of the
government.
A. Target Customers
My target customers all those who have vehicles on CNG and traveling fromLahore to Islamabad.
B. Market Demand
Traveling of the people has been increasing day by day and also due to main
factor of leasing the no of vehicles is also increasing and secondly the M2 is being connecting
with maximum number of cities as days are passing and people are using their own vehicles to
travel. Due to non availability of CNG after the M2 there is high demand for it. CNG is available
within the city of Islamabad. And the proposed place also has importance due to the entrancefrom Rawalpindi.
C. Market Supply
Market supply is also increasing as well the demand is increasing for the
CNG. People are investing in this business without any hesitation in their minds and secondly
still there is large scope for the CNG stations in Pakistan.
D. Industry Growth
There has been a tremendous growth in the CNG sector over the yeas. The total number of vehicles
on CNG was 100,000 and CNG filling stations was 150 at the end of year 2000. The number of
CNG vehicles and CNG filling stations has increased to 210,000 vehicles and 220 stations
respectively and by the year 2005 they have tremendously grown up to 900 CNG Stations and
800,000 CNG fitted vehicles. The growth in terms of percentage is given in the following table:
Growth Percentage of Vehicles
Year 2004 2005(expected)
2005(Actual)
No. Of Vehicles onCNG
450,000
600,000 800,000
CNG Filling Stations 550 670 900+
PROJECT PLAN (METHODOLOGY)
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Project plan methodology includes the all
phases including in the project plan. The some of the basic component involve in this phase are
1.Project selection
2.Project execution
3.Project monitoring
4.Project evaluation
5.Cost and productivity techniques
1. PROJECT SELECTION:
We have already discuss the project selection tools and why we choose this business/project and we have
discussed the risk analysis, geographical analysis, social analysis in the background of the project
problem analysis
2.PROJECT EXECUTION PLAN:
Project execution plan includes the following steps in the project of the CNG station.
a. WORK BRAEK DOWN STRUCTURE (WBS)
I. Initiation of the project
Initiation of the project will be with the following steps
1. selection of the locationThe location which we selected for our CNG station is near before the chock of
GOLRA sheriff after the M2 and the main reason of it is that the vehicles coming from
the M2 and from Rawalpindi side.
a. selection of the land
The land which we have selected near the GOLRA sheriff is about 3 kinals and the
front is about to 300 ft.
b. contracting with the property dealer
After words a property dealer will the hired for the purchasing of the land. For this
purpose the property dealers in the JINNA SUPER and SUPER will be consulted.
c. purchasing of the land
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Then the land will be purchased, the estimated cost of that land we selected is about
30,000,000.
2. acquiring of the license & NOC
With the purchase of the land the process for the acquiring of the license and
various NOCs has been started, the following steps are involved in this which are given
below.
Refer to annexure -I
a. contacting the govt. agencies
For this the government agencies will be contacted in which oil and gas
regulatory authority is first ministry of the government which will be contacted and
this ministry issues the license for the CNG station and the cost involve in this process is
Rs. 25,000 which is the license fee.
b. fulfilling the required criteria
Then all the criteria is fulfilled by the investor or the owner of the business to be
established and various documentation is required is there, which has to be provided on
demand.
c. getting the NOCs
NOCs are taken from different ministries, which are as follow,
Concerned development authority of the city
Traffic Engineering and Planning Authority (TEPA)
Traffic Police (SSP)
Department of Civil Defense
National Highway Authority (NHA)
Central Board of Revenue (CBR)
Civil Administration-
Irrigation Department
Forest Department
Explosives Department
These all NOCs are required before to set up the project and the total time required to cover up all
these NOCs is about to 2 to 3 months. The cost attached to this process involve is about Rs.
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300,000. Now different agents are also involved in this process and people hire their services to
get all these NCOs which minimize their costs in such a way that they can save the time on
fulfilling all the requirements and visiting the different offices. The cost involved in it is about to
Rs. 500,000. Which covers all the expenses and the business man can get all these NOCs and
documents (license) without any trouble.
II. MATERIAL INPUTS
1. ELECTRICITY:
One of the main input required for the CNG station is electricity to run the
machinery and the sponsor for the electricity is WAPDA and the Rs. 0.35 million is
required for obtaining the electricity connection and there is no security deposits are
required for the electricity connection.
2. NATURAL GAS:
Second important element required for the CNG station is natural gas. In Islamabad the
natural gas is being provided by the Sui Southern Gas Pipeline limited (SSGPL). The
connection is requiring the some security deposits and the amount required for obtaining
that connection is about Rs. 75000 and the security deposits are the Rs 1.8 million. This
whole process required time for almost 2 months.
Please refer the annexure -II
III. Budgeting
Budgeting involve the all terms of financing and this portion tells us about the how our
project will be budgeted and with what ratio.
1. loan and equity ratio
The total equity ratio for this project will 60% and 40 % will be the debt ratio. Loan is
must for this type of the project because that the land which we are going to purchase is
somehow costly and the machinery involve in export for the CNG stations
2. contacting with different banks
Different banks are then consulted for the loan and different financial institutions for the
services they provide at what rate. who will provide you maximum time period for the
return of that money and whose interest of the loan is suitable to our project.
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3. loan from the bank
After selecting the bank the loan is then approved by the bank from the higher management
and loan is handed over to the business man and the overall time span for this process is
about to 1 to 2 months, but it should be according to the plan of the rest of the project.
IV. CNG equipments
CNG equipments are the basic function of the project, do you think that with out taking the
products we can run the projects. One of the basic drawback of this project is that most of
the equipments are not local made, actually all these equipments are imported from the
different countries the list is given below and secondly the CNG equipments can be
imported by two ways,
A) Through the banking sector (letter of credit).
B) By the different agents working in the market,
The following are the CNG equipment list,
Gas Compressor
The purpose of compressor is to compress the gas enabling it to discharge the gas
for refueling. This compressor requires an input pressure of 8 or 15 PSIG from the main gas
supply with the outlet pressure of 3,625 PSIG. With this discharge pressure, the equipment
can refuel 50 vehicles per hour.
Electric Control Panel
Electric control panel is required to operate the gas compressor. This panel
will be mounted in the control room.
Storage Cascade
Storage cascades/cylinders are used to store the natural
gas.
Priority Panel for Vehicle Priority
During rush hours, the compressor is directly connected to the
dispenser, bypassing the Storage cascades/cylinders with the help of
priority panel, facilitating the refueling of Vehicles at a faster rate.
CNG Dispenser high flow dual hose
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Gas is filled into the vehicles with the help of dispenser. This dual hose dispenser is
capable of handling two vehicles at a time. There are various foreign manufacturers
providing the CNG filling station equipment. In this pre-feasibility report, a British origin
compressor6 has been selected. This equipment is selected because of its low electricity
consumption, higher outlet pressure, low maintenance, durable working, longer periods
between overhauls and good market repute and presence.
CNG Dispenser
Suppliers
The Central Board of Revenue (CBR) has specified the list of compressors, storage
cylinders, CNG vehicle cylinders, CNG machinery & equipment and conversion kits. For
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the convenience of investor, a list of some of the available equipment and machinery is
given below:
Suppliers Name Available Models
Rix Services, New Zealand 2JJS3G-178, FX-150, 3KX3G-40,6W5G-150
Compare UK Ltd, UK Gazpack 36, Gazpack37
Norwalk Company Inc. USA C-75-3, C150-4, NQSV3Sulzer Burckhardt Engg. WorksSwitzerland
C40111S, C50214S
Safe s.r.l Italy SW75SE-F1-EM, SW110SE-F1-EM,SW110-F1-EM, SW132-F1-EM,
SW90F0, 35-EMHurricane, Grimmer Industries, USA CNG90, CNG 125, CNG250Chengdu Jinxing Chemical MachineryandEquiment Factory, China
ZW-3.45/250JX, ZW-5.0/1-23,ZW-5.52/0.5-250JX
Chonqing Air Gas CompressorFactory, China
L-3.8/1-250, L-3/1-250, L-5/0.56-250,L-2.9/0.56-250, L-4.65/0.56-250,W3.8/0.56-250, W-3.8/1-250
Intermech Ltd. NewZealand RHINO PAR-75VE 4-8
RHINO PAR-1-DE 4-82RHINO-PAR 150DE4-10
Unigas NewZealand Apollo VR-550Compare Mahle GmbH, Germany 5409.2NG.EUSicom SRL , Italy 650.250.20- 650.250.20-IFDE
V. construction at SITE
Construction at site will be started after the placing an order for the CNG
equipments and the main construction includes the building.
1. hiring the contractor
For the construction the contractor will be hired after the reasonable
negotiations.
2. purchasing the raw material
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Then the required raw material will be purchased and the whole this
process may require the 2 to 3 weeks.
3. start of the construction
Building
There are certain civil works required to be carried out at the proposed
location. The civil Works would be carried out on an area of 2250 square
feet. The rest of the area will be floored with tuff tiles. Civil work includes
the following:
Office
Control Room
Compressor and Cascade/Cylinder
Storage Room
Shed for Dispenser
Toilet/washroom
Underground Gas Piping and Power
Cables
Flooring
Stores & Spares
The whole equipment required for setting up a CNG filling station is
imported. Therefore, it is required to build an inventory of necessary
spare parts to meet the unforeseen circumstances such as breakdown or
any other fault in any part or equipment. For this purpose, a stock of
necessary spare parts will be imported along with other equipment to
maintain a minimum level of spare parts. Annexure-IV
Office Equipment
Some office equipment is also required for the proposed project.
Provision of Rs.100,000 has been made for acquiring the required
office equipment.
VI. Hiring of the employees
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Along with this the hiring of employees will be started.
1.hiring of the manager
first of all we will hire the manager which will help in day to day
operations at site.
2.hiring of the accountants
Afterwards the hiring of an accountant is required which will help the
business in financial and accounting matters.
3.hiring of the workers
Hiring of the workers is a difficult job , for which the banner will be
printed and hang it on the site.
a. hiring of the skilled workers
And at the same time the hiring of the skilled workers is also
started in which the machine operators are involved and one of the
watchman from some good security agency.
b. hiring of the un skilled workers
the people involve in the un skilled workers are sweepers and
peons.
List of all the people which are to hired at the CNG station are
given below,
human Resource Requirement
Designation
No. of Employees fortwo shifts
Manager 1Accountant
4Cashier 2
OperatorDispenser2
2Watchmen 2
Sweep
Total 14
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er
VII. erection of the machinery
After the hiring of the employees which is not as much difficult due to unemploymentreasons in the Pakistan, people are easily available for different placements and the next
step is the erection of the machinery and after the 2 months approximately the machinery
has been arrived at the site and the first function is to unload it and move it to the safer
place and after wards the erection of the machinery has been started and main equipments
includes the cascade cylinders and operator will be installed in the separate room
constructed for it specially and the next step is the erection of the dispensers and their
connection with the cascade cylinders.
Technical assistance is provided by the agents who helped in the purchase of the machinery
from abroad.
VIII. Marketing the CNG station at M2
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1. Printing the brushers.
The brushers will be printed at this stage for the awareness of the people
and with the permission of the NHA they will be placed on every toll on
the M2 motorway. Along this these brushers will be placed on all rest
areas and this is only the one time activity that will cost some money and
afterwards people will have know how about it who are regular
2. Distributing the brushers.
After placing the brushers it will be ensure and make it easy to distribute
to all vehicles traveling on M2 by giving them with the entrance ticket.
Project Monitoring
1. Follow up the licensing process
In the project monitoring the follow up the licensing and NOC process will be
fully monitor and will be followed up to the end.
Along with this the connections for the both electricity and natural gas will be
followed only due to the reason that weather there is any kind of hurdle or not.
Because these two main part of the project is out of the control and they may
take time beyond the expectations.
2. Follow up the CNG equipment stage
after placing the equipments order they (agents) has to follow and the current
status of the order will be checked according to time allocated and matching it
with ongoing activities.
3. Following the construction and erection phase
Again the work which is totally under the control, it does not mean that leave it
that it will complete automatically within his own time, but it must be followed
by with the full requirements and time bounds here the technicalities are
involved and full attention should be paid to the project at this time and at this
stage we came to know that how much of time we are according to our
schedule.
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Project evaluation
Total budgeting
Item Cost (in Rs.)Land 30000000
Building 350000CNG equipments 9000000
Stores & spares 650000
Office equipments 100000
Furniture & fixtures 100000
Gas security 1800000
Preliminary expenses 900000
Working capital 450000
Total 43350000
Depreciation on Assets
Accounting Profit
Depreciation on the assets has been charged at the following rates for the
calculation of accounting profits,
Depreciation RatesBuilding 5%
CNG plant and equipment 10%
Office equipments 20%
Furniture &fixtures 10%
Tax Adjustments
Land
Building
0%
5%
CNG plant and equipment 10%
Office equipments 10%
Furniture &fixtures 10%
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Working Capital
Working capital is calculated on the basis of following assumptions:
Accounts ReceivablesMostly, the sale of CNG is on cash basis. However, some CNG stations do offer a credit facility to
reputable companies on agreed terms and conditions. Therefore, receivables are estimated at 6% of
the total sales amount.
Advances to Employees
Advances to employees are calculated on the basis of 30 days of both payroll and staff benefits.
Accrued Utilities and Power Expenses
Normally, it would take 20 days to deposit the utilities (electricity, water and telephone) bills.Therefore, utility expenses for 20 days have been taken as the basis for working capital
computation.
Accounts Payable
Cost of gas and electricity for 20 days has been considered in calculating accounts payable.
Sales Tax Payable
Every company is required to deposit the amount of sales tax collected from the consumers, within
14 days. The same has been taken as the basis for calculating the amount of sales tax payable.
Sales Tax
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The sales tax levied by Government of Pakistan is charged to the customers at the rate of 15% on
the sale of gas. These funds are deposited after every 14 days in favor of Government of Pakistan.
Project profitability analysis
3. Pay back method
Payback period based on cash inflows is 4 years
4. return on investment (ROI)
Internal rate of return (project) is 23.1%
Internal rate of return (equity) is 45%
5. net present value (NPV)
Net Present Value @ 20% is Rs. 3,401,246
6. internal rate of return (IRR)
Conclusion:
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This whole study tells us about the project or business that it is feasible or
not. As we have already discussed that this business has enormous advantages and it is a safe
investment for a batter return. The place which we have chosen is not a saturated and batter to opt
for the business.
This project though has a very large investment at the start but the return is safe and this project or
business is evergreen through out the year. One of the main advantages of this business is that it
has not at all the credit customers and it gives the batter and safe return of the investment as we
have already discusses it. The risk in this business is so minimum though the costly item of the
business is land but in Pakistan the property values has an increasing trends. When we talk about
the geographical analysis the area which we have chosen is the best to suit business and there is no
threat to my business as well. My business is totally safe toward the environment and there are no
hazards from the business operations.
Annexure -1
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CNG Policy
The Government of Pakistan has offered number of incentives for encouraging the use of CNG in
the country. Some of these are summarized below:
Strong Government commitment to promote usage of CNG
Liberal policy of providing license for CNG retailing
Deregulated market price of CNG (for the consumers)
Priority of providing natural gas connection to CNG stations
Exemption of import duty and sales tax till June 2005 on import of machinery and
equipment, CNG kits and cylinders
This has provided a boost to the industry, and so far, more than 900,000 vehicles have been
converted to CNG and 900 CNG stations are operational. According to International Association
for Natural Gas Vehicles (IANGV) statistics, Pakistan is ranked third in the CNG-using countries
after Argentina and Brazil.
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Annexure II
CNG Consultancy Services
HDIP is also offering consultancy services to the investors, which include the whole range of
activities like formation of company, selection of site, legal formalities, design of station,
specifications of the equipment, selection of equipment, selecting and appointing the contractor,
training of manpower, commissioning and supervision.
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Annexure-III
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Annexure-IV
APPROVED CNG KITS AND CYLINDERS
CNG KITS
CNG CYLINDERS
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Annexure-V
Government of PakistanMinistry of Petroleum & Natural Resources
NOTIFICATION
Islamabad, the 13th May 1992
S.R.O.714 (1)/92.In exercise of the powers conferred by section 2 of theRegulation of Mines and Oilfields and Mineral Development (Government Control) Act,
1948, (XXIV of 1948), the Federal Government is pleased to make the following rules,namely:-
PART I
1. Short title and Commencement. (1) these rules may be called theCompressed Natural Gas (CNG) (Production and Marketing) Rules, 1992.
(2) They shall come into force at once.
2. Definitions.In these rules, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject orcontext, -
(a) area of operation means the area within which a licensee is authorized to
compress natural gas distribution of CNG in automotive(s);
(b) Authority means the Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority established pursuantto the Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority Ordinance, 2002;
(c) consumer means any person or corporation who is supplied with compressednatural gas in his automotive(s) by a licensee for his own use but not for
storage, processing, filling, sale or distribution;
(d) container means any cylinder or vessel installed in an automobile or at CNGrefueling station and used for storing, transporting and distributing CNG;
(e) corporation includes any corporation, joint stock company, partnershipassociation, business trust, organized group of persons, whether incorporated or
not and receiver or trustee of any of them;
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(f) licensee means a person or a corporation who holds a license under Part II ofthese rules;
(g) compressed natural gas or CNG means compressed gaseous fuel composed
predominantly of methane (CH4);
(h) meter means all equipment used for the purpose of measuring the quantity of
CNG supplied, and includes all kinds of apparatus upon whose reading or
indication for the supply or sale of specified or unspecified time;
(i) sale price means the price of CNG to be charged by a licensee under an
agreement from the consumer(s);
(j) supply mains means a pipeline used for the transportation of natural gas for the
purpose of sale to a licensee; and
(k) works includes pipeline, machinery or equipment including civil works
established or installed, owned, controlled, operated or managed in connection
with the compression of natural gas for the purpose of storage, filling ordistribution of CNG.
References
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Mr. Nadeem Shah
Manager Caltex ,
F-8 Markaz Ayaub Market
Mr. Imran moonis
Owner of the CNG Station
Sheikhupura
Mr. Altaf Hassan Ansari
Deputy Director OGRA
Web sites
1) www.ogra.org.pk
2) www.cng.com.pk
3) www.skilfull.com
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