FINAL REVIEW: HUMAN BODY

6. The table below shows the symptoms of some diseases that are caused by bacteria.

Which two diseases in the table affect the digestive system? (1) botulism and typhoid fever (2) tetanus and pneumonia

(3) botulism and pneumonia (4) tetanus and typhoid fever

7. The diagram shows a part of a human body system. The movement shown by the arrows is coordinated by the

(1) circulatory system

(2) excretory system (3) nervous system (4) reproductive system

1. The diagram below shows a human body system.

What are 2 of its functions?(1) protects & supports the body(2) produces & transports oxygen (3) produces &excretes waste(4) controls & coordinates body

2. The main function of the digestive system is to (1) breakdown foods for absorption into the blood. (2) Exchange oxygen & carbon dioxide in the lungs. (3) Release energy from sugars within the cells. (4) Carry nutrients to all parts of the body.

3. Which sequence lists the levels of organization in the human body from simplest to most complex? (1) organ system → tissue → cell → organ (2) tissue → cell → organ → organ system (3) organ → organ system → tissue → cell (4) cell → tissue → organ → organ system

4. Which three systems of the human body function together to move and control body parts?

(1) nervous, skeletal, and muscular

(2) muscular, endocrine, and excretory

(3) digestive, excretory, and reproductive

(4) circulatory, endocrine, and respiratory

5. The labeled organs in the diagram below are part of which human body system?

(1) respiratory

(2) digestive

(3) endocrine

(4) circulatory

8. Which two body systems most directly cause the arm above to bend?

(1) skeletal and muscular

(2) reproductive and endocrine

(3) respiratory and excretory

(4) nervous and digestive 9. The endocrine system produces chemicals that affect organ functions. These chemicals are called

(1) nutrients (3) microbes

(2) hormones (4) wastes

20. During breathing, the lungs absorb oxygen, which is used by cells to carry out the process of(1) respiration (3) photosynthesis(2) secretion (4) excretion 21. Running is an activity that causes the cells in the muscular system to use oxygen at a faster rate. Which system responds by delivering more oxygen to these cells?(1) digestive (3) circulatory(2) nervous (4) endocrine

10. Which substance provides humans with their main source of energy?(1) food (3) water(2) carbon dioxide (4) chlorophyll 11. When a human exercises, sweat forms on the skin. Sweating is an example of the human body’s ability to(1) recycle nutrients (3) obtain water for nourishment(2) respond to the environment (4) make more energy 

12. Nutrients from digested food enter the blood stream through the process of(1) absorption (3) respiration(2) elimination (4) secretion

13. In which process is oxygen used to release energy stored in food?(1) photosynthesis (3) digestion(2) respiration (4) reproduction

22. In which human body system are hormones produced?(1) respiratory (3) nervous(2) endocrine (4) digestive 23. Which human body systems are directly involved in reflex actions, such as knee jerk, blinking, and jumping when startled?(1) circulatory and respiratory(2) digestive and excretory(3) nervous and muscular(4) reproductive and skeletal

14. The kidneys, which remove dissolved wastes from the blood, are organs of the (1) endocrine system (3) skeletal system (2) excretory system (4) nervous system

15. Which two systems of a rabbit’s body must be working together for the rabbit to run away from a fox?(1) digestive & endocrine (3) muscular & skeletal(2) reproductive & nervous (4) excretory & respiratory 16. Fats are important nutrients because they(1) provide genetic information(2) contain stored energy(3) are used in photosynthesis(4) maintain bone density

24. When do organs begin to develop in humans? (1) in the sperm cell before fertilization(2) before fertilization and after birth(3) in the egg cell after fertilization(4) after fertilization and before birth 25. Which body system is responsible for the elimination of liquid and gaseous wastes?(1) nervous (3) excretory(2) skeletal (4) digestive

17. Which choice is the result of abnormal cell division?(1) cancer (3) infection(2) pregnancy (4) extinction 18. To provide energy for work, all cells need(1) chloroplasts(2) nutrients(3) atmospheric nitrogen(4) carbon dioxide 19. Cells are to tissues as tissues are to(1) microbes (3) systems(2) organs (4) bacteria

 26. Which factor has the least effect on a person’s metabolism?(1) exercise (3) intelligence(2) hormones (4) diet 27. Tissue is composed of a group of(1) similar cells working together(2) different organs working together (3) organ systems working together (4) nuclei in a cell working together 28. Which term describes an organism’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment?(1) reproduction (3) locomotion(2) extinction (4) regulation

*Base your answers to questions 29-32 on the diagram below showing human reproduction.

29. Identify the sex cell shown at A. ___________________________

30. Identify the sex cell shown at B.___________________________

31. Identify the reproductive process that is occurring at C.______________________________

32. Identify the process that is occurring between E and F._______________________________

33. Select one structure labeled in the human system & explain how it contributes to the way the human system functions. ____________________________________

34. Select one structure labeled in the plant system & explain how it contributes to the way the plant system functions. ____________________________________

*Base your answers to questions 33-34 on the diagrams, which shows systems in humans and plants.

SPERM CELL

EGG CELL

FERTILIZATION

MITOSIS

HEART-BLOOD CIRCULATION

LEAVES-PHOTOSYNTHESIS

*Base your answers to questions 35-37 on the diagram below, which shows a model of sexual reproduction. The lines in each cell represent genetic material (chromosomes).

35. Which letter in the diagram represents a female sex cell? _____

36. Which process is occurring at C? ________________________________

37. What evidence in the diagram shows that sexual reproduction occurred?_____________________________

38. The diagram below represents a magnified view of an air sac in the human lung. The white arrows indicate blood flow.

Which two systems are interacting in this diagram?(1) skeletal and muscular(2) nervous and endocrine(3) reproductive and digestive(4) respiratory and circulatory

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------39. What is the main function of the circulatorysystem? (1) secrete enzymes (3) produce hormones(2) digest proteins (4) transport materials

40. Infectious diseases are caused by(1) allergies (3) chemical spills (2) vitamin deficiencies (4) microorganisms41. If a species is no longer able to reproduce, it will(1) adapt to its environment(2) become immune to disease(3) become extinct(4) increase its population

B

FERTILIZATION

CHROMOSOME TRANSFER

46. What is the result of cellular respiration? (1) Energy for cell processes is released.(2) Oxygen is released for photosynthesis.(3) Cells undergo decomposition.(4) Nutrients are excreted to prevent the buildup of body fat.

*Base your answers to questions 47-48 on the diagram below, which shows four stages in the development of a human after fertilization.

47. Which process must occur between A & D?(1) mutation (3) cell division(2) sexual reproduction (4) extinction

48. Which sequence of development is correct?(1) fertilized egg → tissues → organ systems → organs (2) fertilized egg → organ systems → organs → tissues (3) fertilized egg → organs → tissues → organ systems (4) fertilized egg → tissues → organs → organ systems

42. Three different human cells are shown below.

Which process occurs in all of these cells? (1) metamorphosis (3) reproduction(2) locomotion (4) photosynthesis

44. The main function of hormones in the human body is to(1) destroy microbes (3) transport blood(2) regulate body functions (4) store energy

43. Which unit is used to indicate the amount of energy in food?(1) ounce (2) degree (3) calorie (4) gram

45. The diagram below shows several organs in the human digestive system.

Explain two ways that food is changed as it passes through the digestive system.

(1)_______________________

(2)_______________________

MECHANICAL & CHEMICAL DIGESTION

BREAKDOWN OF FOOD MOLECULES

49. Humans have several organ systems that allowthem to carry on all life activities. Complete the chart below by identifying one organ system that is responsible for each life activity listed. The first row has been completed as an example.

50. Running to escape danger is an action that requires the nervous system to coordinate the interaction of which two body systems?(1) digestive and endocrine(2) muscular and skeletal(3) reproductive and excretory(4) circulatory and digestive 51. A broken bone heals through the process of(1) adaptation (3) cell division(2) mutation (4) chemical digestion

54. What is the major function of the human excretory system?(1) eliminate waste materials(2) respond to stimuli(3) break down food mechanically(4) absorb nutrients from food 55. The interaction of the skeletal & muscular systems to produce locomotion is coordinated by which body system?(1) circulatory (3) nervous(2) excretory (4) respiratory 56. Infections may be caused by(1) mutations (3) toxic substances(2) microorganisms (4) climate changes

57. The chart below identifies the function of several organs found in a human body system.

Which human body system performs these functions?(1) skeletal (3) circulatory (2) digestive (4) respiratory

58. The amount of sugar in blood is controlled by the release of a hormone called insulin. This process is an example of(1) depletion (3) regulation (2) digestion (4) excretion

RESPIRATORY

EXCRETORY

CIRCULATORY

REPRODUCTIVE

MUSCULAR

52. Which diagram represents one type of human tissue?

53. Which process is shown by the equation below?

(1) circulation (3) locomotion(2) reproduction (4) respiration

59. Scurvy is a disease that sailors often got on long voyages. Scurvy could be prevented by eating oranges & lemons. This suggests that scurvy is caused by(1) exposure to sea air (3) a microorganism (2) a nutritional deficiency (4) lack of exercise 60. The sum of all chemical reactions in the human body is known as(1) feedback (3) dynamic equilibrium(2) metabolism (4) biological adaptation 61. Which human system produces sperm or egg cells?(1) digestive system (3) respiratory system(2) nervous system (4) reproductive system

62. Insulin and glucagon are hormones that affect blood sugar levels. The diagram below shows the feedback system used by the human body to increase & decrease blood sugar levels.

This feedback system is one way that the human body(1) circulates gases (3) destroys viruses(2) maintains equilibrium (4) transports nutrients

63. Complete the table below by identifying the human organ system that performs each function listed. The first row has been completed.

CIRCULATORY

DIGESTIVE

RESPIRATORY

*Base your answers to questions 64-65 on the diagram below that represents a human organ system. Arrows show the directions of blood flow. Letters A & B represent locations in this system.

64. Identify the human organ system responsible for

the movement of blood shown in the diagram.

__________________ system

65. State one reason why blood at location B contains more

oxygen than blood at location A.

__________________________________________

66. The table below lists two structures in the human digestive system and two functions of each. Complete the table by circling the type of digestion represented by each function described.

CIRCULATORY

IT HAS JUST LEFT THE LUNGS.