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Running head: PUBLIC RELATIONS CAMPAIGN 1
Final Project:
Public Relations Campaign for Disney
Andrew Hildebrand
Boise State University
2
Executive Summary:
The Walt Disney Company has built it’s legacy throughout different parts of
the world. Expanding into new countries is something that Disney is known for, with
five parks, in four different countries. Establishing a presence in India is something
that Disney has set out to do. The company wants to build a relationship with the
families of India, and show them the magic of Disney. The purpose of this campaign
is to successfully integrate the Disney culture into the culture of Mumbai, India. This
will be done through a series of strategies and tactics that Disney has set forth in the
campaign.
3
Introduction
The culture of India is very different than that of the United States. And
developing an understanding for their culture is very important, especially if an
American company is trying to break into the culture with their company. This is
especially tricky with a company like Disney. Disney is a company that has it’s own
culture deeply engrained within the structure, especially with their amusement
parks throughout the world. The company has been able to successfully immerse
itself into numerous cultures, such as Los Angeles, California; Orlando, Florida;
Paris, France; Tokyo, Japan; and Hong Kong, China. With every new country and
every new culture, the company faces many new tasks and hardships.
Disney has never entered a culture anything like the culture of India; the
Indian people have very strong values and beliefs that you must stick to when you
are in their country. Many of their values and beliefs are very hard for American’s
and American corporations to understand. So when entering India, a company
needs to gain an understanding of the basics in that country, such as the way they
perceive family, the main beliefs of a country, the roles of men and women, what the
people find offensive and disrespectful. These are just a few of the things that
companies need to learn about a country in order to be successful. But there is much
more that they need to learn as well.
Public relations is something that can successfully make this happen, or it
can ruin the chances of the company ever making it’s entrance into that country.
The purpose of any public relations campaign is to build relationships with the
4
public you are trying to reach, and to also maintain those relationships the entire
time you are operating the company in that country and interacting with the public.
Research:
Disney:
The Walt Disney Company was started in 1923 as a small cartoon studio, and
was founded by Walt Disney, and his brother Roy Disney in Los Angeles, California.
In the early stages of the company, the two brothers began producing a series of
short, animated films that they called the Alice Comedies. The films were a huge
success, and the company began growing rapidly. And in 1928, the world famous
Mickey Mouse was “born,” or created, and soon following the other characters were
created, Pluto, Goofy, Donald Duck to name just a few. Expanding upon their
successful short animated films, they developed their first full-‐length animated film
in 1937, the ever so popular story of “Snow White and The Seven Dwarfs.” This was
the real beginning of The Walt Disney Company
that everyone knows of today. From there on out,
the company moved into Live Action Production in
the 1940s (The Walt Disney).
The company quickly moved from not only
producing movies, but also designing amusement
parks. In 1955, the world famous Disneyland, or
the “Happiest Place on Earth” was opened in
Anaheim, California. Walt Disney had always
dreamed of creating a theme park where families
(The Walt Disney)
5
could bring their children, or what he called a “little family park.” The amusement
parks that already existed during this time were very dirty, and not a place where
families could go and enjoy themselves. In 1953 Walt finally found a way to finance
his park, and in 1954 the building of Disneyland was began, and one year later the
park was officially opened (Bennett, B).
Just like in the film industry, the Walt Disney Company was experiencing
tremendous success with their theme park. Not too long after the formation of
Disneyland, the plans for a second park began in Orlando, Florida. And in 1971, Walt
Disney World was officially opened. Soon after Walt Disney World was opened, in
1975 the company began forming the idea of opening up a European and Asian
version of their American theme parks. In April of 1983, Disney Tokyo opened; in
April of 1992, Disney Paris opened; and their newest park opened in Hong Kong, in
September of 2005. And there are plans to open a park in Shanghai, China in 2016
(Bennett, B).
India:
Political Structure:
India is the world’s largest democracy with a population of over 1.2 billion
people; it is the second largest country population wise in the world. In 1947, India
(The Walt Disney)
6
split from Britain and gained independence, and shortly after in 1950 the country’s
current constitution was drafted. Unlike that of England and the United States,
which have had their systems in place for centuries, India’s government system is
very young. Even though they have had the same constitution since 1950, it is the
most amended national document in the history of the world with more than 80
different amendments (Darlington, R. 2010).
Since India’s political system is a democracy, it’s very similar to that of the
United States in the sense that it has three branches, the Executive Branch, the
Judicial Branch, and the Legislative Branch. The country is also divided up into 28
different states. Due to the age of the democracy, the government is much more
corrupt than those in North America, and in Europe. Political assassinations are not
uncommon, and regional tensions continue to strain the Indian government
(Darlington, R. 2010).
Culture:
India has a culture like none that Disney has ever entered. According to
Kamakshi Gupte:
Indian culture is rich and diverse and as a result unique in its very own way.
Our manners, way of communicating with one another, etc are one of the
important components of our culture. Even though we have accepted modern
means of living, improved our lifestyle, our values and beliefs still remain
unchanged. A person can change his way of clothing, way of eating and living
but the rich values in a person always remains unchanged because they are
7
deeply rooted within our hearts, mind, body and soul which we receive from
our culture (Gupte, K. 2009).
Traditions are things that aren’t taken lightly in India. The traditions in India
are about values and beliefs that are passed down from generation to generation.
With such strong family traditions, it makes the role of the family very important.
And people put the family’s needs before their own needs. This is due to the fact that
the Indian culture is a collectivist culture (unlike that of the United States, where
everyone looks out for himself or herself before they look out for the group that they
are a part of), where they look out for the group they are a part of before they think
about themselves.
India is similar to the majority
of the world in some of Hofstede’s
cultural dimensions, but very different
in others. The most different one is the
Power Distance Index. The PDI “is the
extent to which the less powerful
members of organizations and
institutions (like the family) accept
and expect that power is distributed
unequally” (Geert Hofstede). Ranking
at 77, India’s PDI indicates a high level
of inequality with power and wealth (Geert Hofsted)
8
throughout the community. Another area that India differs quite a bit is their Long
Term Orientation. The people of India look at things in the long term, not the short
term. When it comes to being individualistic or collectivist, like stated above, India
tends to lean towards collectivist. They value groups first, the individual second.
Then there is the masculinity level. Masculinity “refers to the distribution of roles
between the genders which is another fundamental issue for any society to which a
range of solutions are found” (Geert Hofstede). India ranks at a 61 in this category,
which simply means that they are more masculine than feminine, and men are seen
as more important as women. The last cultural dimension outlined by Geert
Hofstede is the Uncertainty Avoidance Index. This “deals with a society's tolerance
for uncertainty and ambiguity; it ultimately refers to man's search for Truth” (Geert
Hofstede). India ranks at 40 for this category, and this means that the people of the
culture may be more open to unstructured ideas and situations.
Business culture:
In India, they prefer to do business with those that they know. Within the
business world, relationships are built out of mutual respect and trust. And most
businessmen like to have a strong personal relationship with someone before they
enter into doing business with them. This makes it hard for new businesses to enter
the Indian market.
When business is geared around trust and respect, it doesn’t matter how
successful your company has been in other places, the only thing that matters is that
you gain the trust of the people in the area you are in. Building and maintaining
9
relationships is a very important step for any company, especially when entering a
new market.
Objectives:
*Note: Some of the strategies and tactics will be discussed in more depth in the
programming section.
Goal #1: To successfully open Disney Mumbai.
• Target publics: The target publics for Disney to reach are the citizens of
Mumbai, including city officials, families, and those who have a vested
interest in the city. This also includes state officials, and the federal
government.
o City officials: Those who are in charge of city zoning and developing.
o Families: Families with children above the age of 3, those are most
likely the families who will be visiting the park.
o State officials: Those who approve projects of this sort.
o Federal government: Those who oversee the projects for the country.
Objective #1: Open Disney Mumbai by December 1, 2014.
• Strategies
o Plan city meetings with city officials to get all necessary approvals by
March 31, 2012.
o Break ground on the park on January 1, 2013
o Produce news releases to distribute to the Mumbai Mirror.
• Media Selection: Mumbai Mirror, this newspaper is a local Mumbai
newspaper. The primary audiences for this objective are the citizens of
10
Mumbai, and the city officials. Having an article in the paper about the
meetings with the city officials will be beneficial because it will let the
citizens know about the meetings so they can attend them.
Objective #2: Have a soft opening of the park on November 29, 2014
• Strategy: Use different media outlets to make the public aware.
• Tactics:
o Develop three different, one-‐minute commercials to be shown on the
local TV stations.
o Buy advertisement space in the local newspapers and magazines.
o Purchase billboard space around the city, and create an eye-‐catching
advertisement.
o Develop a Disney Mumbai website to post all updates about the park.
o Produce a news release and distribute it to the local and national
newspapers.
• Media Selection: Times of India, a major national newspaper in India.
Selecting such a major newspaper will be beneficial to Disney because it will
make the entire country aware of what is going on. And they also offer a
website that is available to everyone. Time Out Mumbai will also be a good
newspaper to approach because the purpose of the newspaper is to let the
citizens of Mumbai know about the upcoming events.
11
Goal #2: To create a balance between the Disney culture, and the Indian culture.
• Target publics: The citizens of Mumbai, since they are who make the culture
in India what it is. And the employees of the Walt Disney Company, especially
those who will be working at the theme park.
Objective #1: Put on six events for families around the city to make them aware of
Disney, and all it has to offer.
• Tactics:
o Make a citywide contest; those who win get a free trip to any Disney
theme park to experience what the parks are like.
Objective #2: Create a phrase to be the key message for the campaign.
Programming:
This stage is the most important; this is where everything will be put into
action.
• Six events will be put on in various parts of the city. The first event will be
held on April 1, 2012, the second on September 1, 2012, the third on January
1, 2013, the fourth on October 30, 2013, the fifth on May 16, 2014, and the
final event will be held on November 28, 2014, the day before the soft
opening. At each event there will be a contest for those who come, the
contest will consist of games for the children, games such as potato sack
races and many others. Many of the most famous Disney characters will be at
these events; Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, Donald Duck, Goofy, Snow White,
etc. Because Disney is a company that is geared more towards children than
adults, including the children in activities at the event will show the kids how
12
fun Disney can be. The winners of the potato sack races and their families
will be able to take a all expenses paid trip to one of the theme parks in
various places of the world; Disneyland, Disney World, Disney Paris, Disney
Hong Kong, or Disney Tokyo. The families will be able to enjoy the theme
parks while staying in one of the resorts on site.
• A citywide essay contest will be held to get the community involved. The
contest will consist of citizens of Mumbai writing stories about Disney, and
how Disney will have a good impact on Mumbai. Robert A. Iger, the Chief
Executive Officer of the company, will read the papers. By having the CEO
partake in this event, it will show the people of Mumbai that even though the
company is a large company, they still have that personal touch. Like the
contests at the events, the winners and their family will be given an all
expenses paid trip to a Disney theme park of their choice. There will be 50
winners chosen throughout the city.
• One way that will help make the public aware of what is going on is to make a
Facebook profile for Disney Mumbai. Facebook has around four million users
in India; it’s the second most visited social networking site in the country. By
doing this it will also allow others who don’t reside in Mumbai know what is
going on. Facebook is a good way to interact with the public because it offers
two-‐way communication. It would also be beneficial to make a profile on
Orkurt, which is the Indian version of Google+. Orkurt is the most popular
social networking site in India with more than 12.8 million users. This site
13
will have the same benefits that Facebook offers, but will enhance it due to
the fact that it has over three times the amount of users as Facebook in India.
• A website will need to be created that only has information regarding Disney
Mumbai. This way if the public has any questions they can just check the
website for answers. The website will contain information such as the park
design and layout, a brief description of all the rides that the park will have. It
will also include information about the construction process, the approval
process, the dates and addresses of when and where the events will be held
in Mumbai. It will also house all the information for the citywide essay
contest. The website will also contain a section where people can ask
questions. The questions will be answered within 24 hours by various people
in charge of the website. This will be a good tool for two-‐way communication.
• Communicating with the media is key to any PR campaign. Choosing the right
media outlets is important. Local newspapers and magazines are going to be
good publications to make the public aware of what is going on with Disney.
Also national newspapers will be beneficial to approach so that the people
throughout the entire country will be able to have up to date information
about the progress of the park and the events that will be held in Mumbai.
Publications that will be approached include: Times of India, Mumbai Mirror,
and Time Out Mumbai.
• Press conferences will be held at the site where Disney Mumbai will be
constructed. The press conferences will allow all local media channels to
come out and ask the CEO, and many other top executives questions about
14
the project. At the press conference the head contractor for the construction
of Disney Mumbai will be there to ask any questions regarding the time-‐line
of the construction process.
• Key messages will be created so that the voice coming from Disney is unified.
Magic is something that kids are always interested in, they always want
more. So a possible key message for Disney Mumbai could be “Bringing a bit
of magic to Mumbai.” It’s simple, and in a way, Disney and magic go hand in
hand.
Evaluation:
The evaluation process for this campaign will be somewhat simple. Since a
few of the goals and objectives are very easy to determine if they are successful, it
will be easy to evaluate those ones. The first goal is to successfully open Disney
Mumbai, so as long as the park opens, that goal can be evaluated as a success. The
first objective for goal number one is to open the park on December 1, 2014. So once
again, as long as that is achieved then that will also be a success. The second
objective is just as easy to evaluate, if the soft opening happens on November 29,
2014 then that will be a success as well. Other things will want to be looked at with
these events.
The second goal will be a little harder to evaluate due to the fact that it isn’t
measurable or quantitative. The second goal is to create a balance between the
Disney culture, and the Indian culture. Seeing as how the two cultures, the culture of
the country and the culture of the company are so significantly different, it is very
important to create that balance between the two. One way that this goal can be
15
evaluated is by seeing how many people show up to the grand opening of the theme
park. If there is a good turn out, then it means that Disney successfully integrated
itself into the Indian culture, if there isn’t a good turn out, then it would be obvious
that it wasn’t as successful as it could have been. A good turn out will include 10,000
or more guests, anything below that will be considered a poor turn out on the
opening day. The first objective for that goal will be easy to evaluate. As long as the
six events are put on, then it’s a success. But as with the opening and soft opening,
you will want to check the attendance rates of all of the events. For the events, the
minimum number of guests who should attend is 500 at each event. If 500 or more
guests show up, then each event will be a success. And the second objective is just as
easy to evaluate. If a key message is created, and used throughout the campaign,
then it is a success. One thing that will be important about this key message is how
the people of Mumbai, and the surrounding areas throughout India perceive it.
Another aspect of this campaign that will need to be evaluated is the contests
that will be held at the events, and the citywide contest. Just because an
event/contest is put on, doesn’t mean that you’ve reached your goal. For the
citywide contest, it will be a success if 200 essays are submitted. For the contests at
the events, it will be a success if 50 children participate. Anything less than both of
those numbers will be considered unsuccessful.
One thing that will also be done is surveys will be sent out to the citizens of
Mumbai. (The survey will ask questions such as: Have you visited Disney Mumbai?
Will you visit Disney Mumbai? If you’ve been, did you have fun? What was your
favorite aspect of Disney Mumbai? What could be improved?) Providing citizens
16
with a survey that ask these questions will provide Disney with much needed
information about the success of the campaign. If people are not fond of the theme
park, or don’t think Disney approached it in the right way, then that will be reflected
in the surveys. If Disney accomplished everything they planned on accomplishing,
and did it in a proper manner, then that will also be reflected in the surveys as well.
They will also provide valuable insight about what can be approved upon, or what is
working well.
Stewardship:
Even if the campaign is a huge success, it doesn’t mean that people will
always think highly of the company and the theme park. To ensure that Disney will
be a company that the people of Mumbai will always like, and welcome, things will
always need to be done to involve the community and show that Disney truly cares.
The people of India find it very important to build a relationship with anyone they
do business with, so in a sense Disney will need to be treated like and act like a
person. Disney needs to build a relationship with the people of Mumbai so that the
mutual trust and respect is gained.
Some of the things developed in this campaign can be used over and over
again to maintain those relationships. Hosting events throughout the city will be a
great way to keep the community involved. Events such as “Kids Ride For Free,”
where the admission price for kids 13 and under on a certain day will be free. Other
events like “Parents Night Out,” can be held where the park is only open to parents
for a certain night, a night where they can be free to act like kids, and fully enjoy all
that the park has to offer. Holding events like these will build a relationship with the
17
people of Mumbai because it will show that Disney is not only after their money, the
company is there to enrich the lives of the citizens, and provide a place where they
can let loose and have fun.
Disney would also need to come up with future contests, and provide the
winners with all expense paid trips to other theme parks, or on their cruise lines.
Doing this provides a sense of competition, and a sense of accomplishment if they
win. It also provides Disney with a chance to showcase all of the great things that
the company has to offer. And it shows that by being involved with Disney, it can be
very beneficial. Keeping the community involved with the company will help ensure
that the reputation of the company will always grow.
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References:
Bennett, B. (n.d.). A Brief History of the Disney Parks. In Mouse Planet. Retrieved
December 2, 2011
Darlington, R. (2010, December 28). A SHORT GUIDE TO THE INDIAN POLITICAL
SYSTEM . In Roger Darlington's World. Retrieved December 3, 2011
Geert Hofstede Cultural Dimensions (n.d.). In Geert Hofstede -‐ ITM. Retrieved
December 4, 2011
Gupte, K. (2009). Indian Culture. In Indian Child. Retrieved December 3, 2011
The Walt Disney Studios History (n.d.). In The Walt Disney Studios. Retrieved
December 2, 2011