Fire Safety - SafeLandUSA V.A.0.0 Fire Safety . 1 . ... Preparing workplace for a fire disaster . 6 . ... Clean up chemical spills and oil immediately . 10

PPT-SM-FIRESFTY V.A.0.0

Fire Safety

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Fire Theory Definition of fire • Rapid, persistent chemical change that releases

heat and light • Accompanied by flame • Produces rapid oxidation

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Fire Tetrahedron A fire needs four main elements to occur 1. Fuel 2. Oxygen 3. Heat 4. Chemical reaction

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Fire Classification NFPA’s fire classification system is based on primary fuel

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A Solid

combustibles

B Hydrocarbon and alcohol

based liquids and gases

C Energized electrical

equipment

D Flammable

metals

K Kitchen fires


Workplace Fire Hazards Common workplace fire hazards • Heating, electrical and mechanical equipment • Storage and handling of combustible materials • Proximity hazards • Unauthorized smoking and poor smoking areas • Conventional cooking

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Fire Prevention • Purpose

– Assess potential fire hazards – Find ways to reduce risk of starting a fire – Find ways to reduce risk of injury

• Fire prevention includes – Educating workers – Limiting ways a fire can start – Limiting injuries – Preparing workplace for a fire disaster

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Fire Prevention Plan • Companies must develop a fire prevention plan • The plan must cover

– Potential fire hazards – Procedures for fire prevention – Fire evacuation plans

• Plan must be in writing and available to workers

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Sources of Ignition • Inspect jobsite for sources of ignition • Identify and remove unnecessary materials • Remove sources of ignition

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Sources of Ignition Potential sources of ignition • Tool selection • Electrical equipment • Static electricity • Flash fires • Hot work • Kitchen fires • Other fire prevention considerations

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Prevention Good fire prevention • Keep work areas clean and clutter free • Know hazards of chemicals you work with • Respect smoking restrictions • Dispose of combustible materials • Change oil soaked or contaminated clothing • Clean up chemical spills and oil immediately

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Protection Good fire protection practices • Maintain and inspect all equipment routinely • Keep fire lanes open and unobstructed • Never block access to firefighting equipment • Never move equipment or alter it in any way

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Protection • Essential part of workplace safety • Forms of protection include

– Detection systems – Portable extinguishers – Fixed extinguisher systems – Alarms – Trained fire brigades

• Properly trained workers take part in the fire prevention system

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Fire Detection • Alert workers to the presence of fire • Three forms of fire detection

– Heat – Smoke – Flame

• Alarms must work at all times • Maintenance and repairs

– Done by qualified and designated workers

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Alarm Systems • Warns workers of fire • Must have distinct sound • Qualified worker must

service, maintain and test

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Fire Extinguishing • Fire extinguishers eliminate elements of fire

tetrahedron • If tetrahedron is broken, fire will go out • Additional cooling and water may be necessary

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Methods Extinguishing methods include • Cooling and quenching • Smothering and blanketing • Oxygen dilution • Fuel removal • Chemical flame inhibition

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Methods • Cooling and quenching

– Reduces temperature of fuel below ignition temperature

• Smothering and blanketing – Separates fuel from oxygen

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Methods • Oxygen dilution

– Reduces amount of available oxygen

• Fuel removal – Removes fuel source

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Methods Chemical flame inhibition • Interrupts combustion reaction • Stops flaming • Effective on gas and liquid fuels

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Extinguisher Use To properly extinguish a fire use the PASS method • Pull the pin • Aim at the base of the fire • Squeeze lever • Sweep back and forth

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Extinguisher Use Training • Must be delivered by a qualified person • Should be conducted at

– Initial employment – At least annually thereafter

• Must cover – Selecting correct type of extinguisher – Discharging extinguisher in emergency situation

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Training Train workers on • What to do during an emergency • Specific fire hazards • Escape procedures • Equipment use

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Training If you catch on fire • Do not run • Drop where you are • Cover face with hands • Roll around to smother

flames

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Stop, drop and roll.


Worker Responsibility • Read warnings on product labels and MSDS • Ask supervisor if any questions arise • Turn off all electrical appliances • Obey no smoking signs • When evacuating, do not use the elevator • Keep low on hands and knees • Touch door handles gently with back of hand • If outdoors, keep wind behind you

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PPT-SM-FIRESFTY V.A.0.0 25

Documents

Fire Safety - SafeLandUSA V.A.0.0 Fire Safety . 1 . ... Preparing workplace for a fire disaster . 6 . ... Clean up chemical spills and oil immediately . 10