FIRST AID

FIRST AID

• OBJECTIVES– RISK ASSESSMENT– PROPER APPLICATION OF A FIELD OR

PRESSURE DRESSING AND TOURNIQUET

– FIRST AID FOR BURNS – IDENTIFY AND TREAT CARBON

MONOXIDE POISONING

- MINEFIELD INJURIES

- CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION: RISK ASSESSMENT:

MINE AWARENESS INSTRUCTION

REVIEW FIRST AID FOR MINE RELATED INJURIES

FIELD CRAFT CLASSES (STOVE OPERATION)

SITUATION AWARENESS (CAUSES OF CO POISONING)

FIRST AID FOR CO POISONING

FIRST AID INSTRUCTION

- MINEFIELD INJURIES

- CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING

EXTREMELY HIGH

EXTREMELY HIGH

HAZARD CONTROLS

RISK MANAGEMENT & REDUCTION:

•UNCOVER THE WOUND•APPLY THE CASUALTY’S FIELD DRESSING•APPLY MANUAL PRESSURE AND ELEVATE LIMB•APPLY PRESSURE DRESSING IF BLEEDING CONTINUES•PERFORM ADDITIONAL FIRST AID MEASURES IF NECESSARY

APPLY FIELD DRESSING

FIRST AID FOR BURNS 1- ELIMINATE THE SOURCE a) Clothing on fire: cover with any non-synthetic material, roll patient on the ground. 2-SURVEY THE PATIENT: a) Hot gas and flame burns of the neck, nose, and mouth are associated with airway swelling therefore respiratory function must be assessed frequently. b) Examine for singed nasal hair, carbon- like material in the nose and mouth, or carbon- flecked sputum. These signs indicate inhalation burns. 3- UNCOVER THE AREA: a) Remove all jewelry from hands and fingers. 4- TREATMENT: a) Ice or cold compresses may be applied locally to minor 1st and 2nd degree burns. b) Do not break blisters, Do not apply grease or ointment on the burns, Do not place dressings over face or genitalia. c) Apply a field dressing lightly over the burned area, but firmly enough to prevent it from slipping. 5- SEEK MEDICAL HELP

CARBON MONOXIDE INHALATION• CARBON MONOXIDE CAUSES MORE

POISONING DEATHS THAN ANY OTHER SUBSTANCE. IT IS PRODUCED DURING THE INCOMPLETE BURNING OF ORGANIC FUELS. CARBON MONOXIDE IS A COLORLESS, ODORLESS, TASTELESS GAS; WHICH MAKES ITS DETECTION IN THE AIR DIFFICULT AND THUS INCREASE THE HAZARD. USUALLY THE VICTIM DOES NOT REALIZE WHAT IS HAPPENING UNTIL IT IS TOO LATE.

WARNING SYMPTOMS OF CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING

• SENSE OF PRESSURE IN THE HEAD• ROARING/ RINGING SENSATION OF THE EARS• PATIENT IS CONFUSED AND UNABLE TO THINK

CLEARLY• DRUNK APPEARANCE• OFTEN VOMITING• INCONTINENT• CONVULSIONS• BOUNDING PULSE

WARNING SYMPTOMS CONTINUED

• CHERRY RED LIPS• DILATED PUPILS• COMA• NOTE: YOU SHOULD CONSIDER CARBON

MONOXIDE POISONING WHENEVER CONFRONTED WITH A GROUP OF PEOPLE WITH DIFFERENT SYMPTOMS WHO ARE SHARING ACCOMMODATIONS.

TREATMENT FOR CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING

• REMOVE THE PATIENT FROM THE EXPOSURE SITE

• PROVIDE PATIENT WITH 100% OXYGEN OR EXPOSE HIM TO FRESH AIR

• MONITOR THE PATIENT FOR FURTHER RESPIRATORY DISTRESS

• EVACUATE PATIENT TO MTF

CARBON MONOXIDE PREVENTION

• RUN ENGINES OUTDOORS OR WITH DOORS/ WINDOWS OPEN

• KEEP WINDOWS CRACKED WHERE YOU SLEEP

• DO NOT USE ENGINE EXHAUST FOR HEAT