Fish man’s best friend(1)

Scientific Name i.e. how do crazy guys call them? ichthyoid – from Greek ichtys /fish/ ichtyology – ichtys /fish/ + logos

/reason/ (Greek) Kingdom Animalia(2) Phylum Chordata(2) – organisms that

possess a structure called a notochord rod that extends most of the length of the

body Acts as a support during locomotion bilateral symmetry

Our Fish Subphylum Vertebrata Infraphylum Gnathostomata1. Superclass Osteichthyes(3) – “bony fish”

=> have bony skeleton Class Actinopterygii - ray-finned fish Class Sarcopterygii - lobe-finned fish

2. Class Condrichthyans(4) – cartilage skeleton

mostly sharks, rays and their relatives Subclass Elasmobranchii – skarks, rays, skates Subclass Holocephali – so called “ghost

sharks”

Cladogram – Fish Relatives(5)

What makes a fish our fish friend?(6) All fish are:

Ectothermic i.e. “cold-blooded”, aquatic vertebrates

Skin is generally covered with scales Their limbs are modified into fins for

swimming

(7)

Fish Sex Fish reproduce sexually (wow :O) Females lay eggs outside their body Males sprays milt over the eggs (fish’s

sperm cells) Yolk – where the food for the embryo is

contained May remain little longer after the new born

fish goes out Very few fish carry eggs in their bodies From 1500 to 5000 eggs may be laid

Kiss a Fish(8)

Fish Anatomy Circulation

Single circuit heart-gills – body-heart Transport of oxygen, nutrients, wastes

Single Pericardial sac: 2-chambered heart (upper atrium & lower

ventricle) 2 accessory chambers

Respiration Oxygen – extracted from water Gills – have a lid, rich in blood vessels

Open mouth H2O goes to gill O2 exchanged for CO2 (diffusion) lid opens – water leaves O2 enters the blood system

Fish Running around Snake-like varieties

Wave-like fashion Very slow type of movement

Fish with streamlined bodies and a stiff caudal fin or tail Swing their tail from side to side Move faster

Pectoral and Pelvic fins => difficult maneuvers; acts as breaks

Dorsal and anal fins => thought to help balance during steady swimming

Friends

The Great White Shark(Carcharodon carcharias)

a.k.a. The Great White / White Death

The world’s largest know predatory fish; at the top of the ocean’s food chain

Cartilaginous fish Live in cool, coastal waters (oceans)

Eat sea lions, seals, small toothed whales, and even sea turtles

Warm-blooded (endothermic) Swim up to 69 km/h; can weigh more than 2 T

Endangered species

Adaptations:

Acute hearing, sharp eyesight, good sense of smell (using them for hunting), torpedo-shaped body (good swimmers), Several rows of teeth

One extra sense: have organs that sense the electromagnetic fields generated by animals (3)

Interactions with Humans

Sample biting Human attacks are rare.

Fun Fact

“Great whites can detect one drop of blood in 100 L of water and can sense even tiny amounts of blood in the water up to 5 km away.” (3)

Clone anemone fish(Amphiprion ocellaris)

a.k.a. Clownfish

Ray-finned fish Habitat: warm waters (Indian, Pacific

Ocean, Barrier Reef, Red Sea) Lifespan: 3-6 years

•Range: 10 cm max•Aquarium fish

Symbiosis with sea anemone: uses it as a shelter, provides nutrients with its fecal matter, eats small invertebrates which can potentially harm the anemone

Fun Fact:

All clownfish are born male, but as they mature one dominant becomes female. The female is also a primary defender.

The Electric Eel

(Electrophorus electricus)

Elongated cylindrical body (~2 m; 20 kg) habitat: Amazon river, basins in South America

feed on invertebrates; adult eels eat fish and small mammals

vascularized respiratory organ in oral cavity Developed sense of hearing

Generate powerful electric shocks

Fun Fact Electric eels can

produce an electric shock of up to 500 volts, which is deadly for an adult human.

The mollusk joke

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRad4Y3FPdM&NR=1

Works Cited1. http://richardwiseman.files.wordpress.com/2009

/07/fish-bowl.jpg2. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/

accounts/information/Chordata.html3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteichthyes4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondrichthyes5. Textbook6. http://www.ecnca.org/Animals/Fish/

Fish_Characteristics.htm7. http://i.livescience.com/images/

ig54_butterfly_fish_02.jpg8. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2006-

02/15/xin_130203150724296283015.jpg