Fit and HealthyYear 9 – Unit B

Do Now:• What types of activities do you regularly do for exercise?

Well-rounded Exercise

• S-Factors• Strength – amount of force muscles can

exert• Stamina – Keeps you going during exercise• Suppleness – Move freely and easily• Speed – Having quick reactions or how fast

you can travel over a distance

Activities for each S-factor:• Classify each of your exercises into a category

• Some may belong in more than one category

Strength Stamina Suppleness Speed

Activity:• How do you rate in each category?• Strength – push-ups in 1 minute• Stamina – Jumping jacks• Suppleness – Reach past your toes• Speed – Races at the track!

• Record your results for each category.

Video:• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kxIKZm79JmY

What does smoking do to you?• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szbR-8-pgv8

PSA• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jCHzdNzMX6Y

Create Your Own PSA:• You will be working in groups to create your own PSA• You may choose:

• Smoking• Drinking• Type of Drug

Groups• I will assign the groups• The presentation must be 5-7 minutes in length• 4 in each group

Group 1: Marijuana• Eloi• Kaat• Luana• Santi

Group 2 - Drinking• Marek • Jason• Lisa• Yasmin

Group 3: Heroin• Jerzy• Sasha• Nataliia• Janek

Group 4: Smoking• Marko• Maja• Sihan• Anastasiia

Do Now:• Place the diagram into your books.

Skeletal System· Parts of the skeletal system

· Bones (skeleton)

· Joints

· Cartilages

· Ligaments (bone to bone)(tendon=bone to muscle)

· Divided into two divisions· Axial skeleton- skull, spinal column

· Appendicular skeleton – limbs and girdle

Functions of Bones·Support of the body·Protection of soft organs·Movement due to attached skeletal muscles·Storage of minerals and fats·Blood cell formation

Bones of the Human Body·The skeleton has 206 bones·Two basic types of bone tissue

·Compact bone·Homogeneous

·Spongy bone·Small needle-like pieces of bone·Many open spaces

Classifying Bones• Bones are classified by their shape: 1.Long- bones are longer than they are wide (arms,

legs)2.Short- usually square in shape, cube like (wrist, ankle)3.Flat- flat , curved (skull, Sternum)4.Irregular- odd shapes (vertebrae, pelvis)

Names of the Bones

Do Now:• Look at your results from yesterdays experiment. What conclusion

can you make about strength and bone length?

Muscles• Responsible for movement• Skeletal muscles cause the skeleton to move at joints• They are attached to skeleton by tendons.

Muscles!• The ability to move is an essential activity of the human body • ½ our body weight comes from muscles• Consists of over 600 individual muscles.• 3 purposes:

• Body movement• Body shape• Body heat (maintain temp.)

No Pushing!• Muscles are either contracted or relaxed• When contracted the muscle exerts a pulling force, causing it to

shorten• Since muscles can only pull (not push)

3 Types of Muscles• Body movements are determined by three types of muscles

• Smooth (involuntary) – cannot be controlled by will.• Cardiac – control the contractions of the heart.• Skeletal (Voluntary) – can be controlled by will.

Arm Muscles• Best known muscles are biceps and triceps

Elbow joint flexedF le xo r m u s cl es c on tr ac te dE xt en so r m us c les r el ax e d

E lb ow jo in t e x te nd e dE xt en so r m us c les c o nt ra cte d

F le xo r m u s cl es re la x ed

b ice p s

tr ic ep s

Section through arm

F le xo rm u sc le s

E xt en so r m u sc le s

H um e ru sB on e

Muscle Fibres• A single muscle e.g. biceps contains approx. 1000 muscle fibres.• These fibres run the whole length of the muscle• Muscle fibres are joined together at the tendons

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C6u0u_59UDc

Do Now:• What is a flexor and an extensor?• Give an example of each.

Biceps and Triceps

I know…. The music is REALLY bad• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BXoMa2bVC18

Joints• Place where 2 or more bones meet• Weakest part of the skeleton• Allows movement

Parts of the Movable Joint

Movable or Synovial Joint

Types of Moveable Joints• Plane Joint• Hinge Joint• Pivot Joint• Ball and Socket Joint• Saddle Joint• Ellipsoid Joint

Fixed Joint• Unmovable joint

Types of Movements• http://

www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/pe/appliedanatomy/skeleton/2_anatomy_skeleton_act.shtml

• What are the types of movement joints can make?

Demonstrate the Movements

Activity: