FlexEfficiency* 60 A new standard of high efficiency … new standard of high efficiency and ... Turbine H26 3 Generator x Mark* VIe Integrated Control ... • Gas turbine turndown

A new standard of high efficiency and

FlexEfficiency* 60 PortfolioFlexEfficiency* 60 Portfolio operational flexibilityPortfolioPortfolio

* Trademark of General Electric Company

© 2012, General Electric Company. Proprietary. All Rights Reserved.

All Ri ht R d N t f thi d t b• All Rights Reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, transmitted, stored in a retrieval system nor translated into any human or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual, or otherwise, without the prior

written permission of General Electric Company.written permission of General Electric Company.


Overview• Industry Dynamics

• FlexEfficiency 60 Portfolioy

• Combustion

• Emission TopicsEmission Topics

A new standard of high efficiency and

FlexEfficiency 60 PortfolioFlexEfficiency 60 Portfolio operational flexibilityPortfolioPortfolio


Industry Dynamicsy y


Changing world dynamics …Fuel price volatility

Resource scarcity/remote recovery effortsReducing CO2 emissions

Energy efficiencies Energy policiesTechnology advancements


7F Gas TurbinesSlide 5


7F 7-Series Customer PresentationSlide 5

Customer requirementsd hIndustry changes

• Bigger role for natural gas generation• Evolving emission requirements

• Developing industry structures for variable power

• Deployment of renewables

Volatility of grid capacity• Regional diversity

Typical Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) operating profileyp y ( ) p g pSteady state Automatic

GenerationControl (AGC)

Load

Spinning reserveoff-peak

turndown

Baseline

Start reliability TurndownRamp rate Part load efficiencyStart reliability TurndownRamp rate Part load efficiency

FlexEfficiency 60 Customer PresentationSlide 6 2/28/2013


FlexEfficiency 60 Portfolioy


FlexEfficiency 60 Portfolio of products

7F 5-SeriesGas Turbine

2x

7F 7-SeriesGas Turbine

D-17 Steam 1x

Turbine

H263

H26 Generator 3x Mark* VIeMark* VIe

Integrated Control Integrated Control System (ICS)System (ICS)

d f d dFlexEfficiency 60 Customer Presentation

Slide 8 2/28/2013© 2012, General Electric Company. Proprietary. All Rights Reserved.

Wide range of products to meet customers needs* Trademark of General Electric Company

Plant capabilities • High efficiency: >61% for reduced fuel burn and lower CO2

• Right sized plant: 750 MW for Independent Power P d (IPP) d di tilitiProducers (IPP) and medium utilities

• Rapid start up: Full load <30 minutes to capture additional revenue

• Fast ramping: >100 MW/minute ramp rate within emission guarantees

i l d• Larger operating range: Plant turndown to 14% baseload

• Low stack emissions: 2 ppm NOx and CO with pp xSelective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) and CO catalyst

d d i ffi i d fl ibiliFlexEfficiency 60 Customer Presentation

Slide 9 2/28/2013

A new standard in efficiency and flexibility


Plant start-up capabilityBenefits with Rapid Response• Full load <30 minutes1 FlexEfficiency 60 Plant 2x1

• Sync to grid <6 minutes

• Reduced start-up emissions and fuel consumption 70

8090

100

red

load

)

GT Rapid Response

p

• More capacity available for peak electricity demands

• Ancillary service opportunities 3040506070

(% o

f unf

ir

• Ancillary service opportunities

• Automated for predictability

1For hot starts with simultaneous start of b h b

0102030

0 15 30 45 60 75Plan

t Loa

d Conventional

l ff l /

both gas turbines.0 15 30 45 60 75

Time (minutes) from Start Initiation



FlexEfficiency 60 Plant … 1/2 a gigawatt in 10 minutes

Ramp rates … within emissions compliance

Automated Generation Control (AGC)• 5 minute market

l• Range x Ramp = Value• Requires emissions compliance• Capture price spikes

Enhanced Emissions Compliant Ramping

GT NOx

7F 5-series capability• <9ppm NOx/CO emissions SC

2 NO /CO i i CC Out

put

(MW

)

GT Output

GT NOx

• <2ppm NOx/CO emissions CC• Gas turbine turndown …

<36% baseloadG T bi F t R

Gas

turb

ine

O

NO

x

k• Gas Turbine Fast Ramp … >40 MW/min continuous ramp per gas turbine

Time

Stack NOx


7F Gas TurbinesSlide 11

* Trademark of General Electric Company

Economic and environmental benefitsEmissions• 62% less CO2 emissions/MWh than average U.S.

l l t2coal plant2

Environmental impactAssumingAssuming …• FlexEfficiency 60 Plant operating 5,800 hours/year

Impacts …CO d ti f 56 000 t / i l t

*

• CO2 reduction of 56,000 tons/year … equivalent to annual emissions of more than 11,000 cars2

• Natural gas fuel savings of 950 million cubic f t/ i l t t l tifeet/year … equivalent to annual consumption of 13,000 U.S. households2



2Based on Dec-11 EPA Data* Trademark of General Electric Company

Plant footprint and access

• Access road between units … enhanced constructability, yOperations & Maintenance (O&M) and Environmental Health & Safety (EHS) ft

• Construction crane access for major components

535

• Eliminated fuel gas compressor space … lower natural gas pressure requirement 200 ft

bl l

535 ft



Maintainable, compact plant arrangement

Improved 7F 5-series gas turbineRight sized reliable for lifecycle cost advantageRight-sized, reliable for lifecycle cost advantageFlexibility• Highest flexibility in classg y

• Fast start capability

• Wide operating range

• Fast ramping

Configuration MW Output EfficiencySC 216 >38.7%

2xCC/3xCC 655/980 >59%• Fast ramping

Reliability• Long life parts

2xCC/3xCC 655/980 >59%

GT turndown 36% GT baseload

GT ramp rate 40 MW/minute per GT• Long life parts

• Proven componentsFuel flexibility +/- 5% MWI

Fast start capability 11 minutes to baseload

NOx ppmvd @ 15% O2 9/2 with SCRpp 2

CO ppmvd 9/2 with catalyst

Coupling 7F gas turbine heritage with advanced f l



compressor for greater customer valueComparative statements refer to GE technology unless otherwise stated.

Introducing the 7F 7-series gas turbineEfficient flexible and reliableEfficient, flexible and reliablePerformance• A new level of air-cooled turbine

Configuration MW Output EfficiencySC 250 >40%

2xCC/3xCC 750/1125 >61%

efficiency >61%

• Lower specific CO2 emissions

FlexibilityGT turndown 20% GT baseload

GT ramp rate 50 MW/minute per GT

Fuel flexibility +/ 15% MWI

Flexibility• Highest flexibility in class

• Faster startup, ramping and wider i Fuel flexibility +/- 15% MWI

Fast start capability 10 minutes to baseload

NOx ppmvd @ 15% O2 20/2 with SCR

operating range

Reliability• Extensive experience with materials

Delivers improved performance and flexibilityi h i d hi h li bili / il bili

CO ppmvd 9/2 with catalyst• Extensive experience with materials

• World-class validation process



Comparative statements refer to GE technology unless otherwise stated.

with continued high reliability/availability

Combustion


Combustion fundamentals

Operational BoundariesNOx

Combustor

DynamicsClean Fuel Conversion

Combustor Operability

COStable

Combustion

Turndown

M lti l b d i i b t t l th d l


LA DLN Customer PresentationSlide 17 10/11/2012

Multiple boundaries require robust control methodology

Schedule vs. model-based controlControl system improvements enable more flexible control … replace legacy architecture with modern aircraft-engine design … standard new unit platform

Boundary

Model-based control

Schedule based control Model based control

Boundary

Schedule-based control

Fixed schedules from off-line, static models• Simplified boundary models at one design point • Conservative assumptions … large margins to

Turbine model running on-line, in real-time• State-of-the-art physics models for each boundary• Control directly to individual boundaries … “loop in

Schedule-based control Model-based control

Conservative assumptions … large margins to accommodate worst case conditions

Inflexible• Large margins … loss of entitlement• Inability to handle variation … ambient

Control directly to individual boundaries … loop in control” approach … reduce unnecessary margin

Flexible• Unit-specific performance/operability entitlement • Robust capability to handle variation

conditions, fuel, frequency, degradation, etc.

>300,000 hours on 60+ units



,Fleet leader at >30,000 hours

OpFlex Balance: AutoTune

Add t dj t bl NO

BenefitsBefore

Out

put• Adds customer-adjustable NOx … cope

with emissions-reporting equipment variation

E bl ti li bl

Ambient temperature

• Enables continuous, reliable gas turbine operation

• Reduces combustion retuning due to f l i ti Afterfuel variations

• Reduces combustion dynamics and non-compliance events, provides

d d L bl t (LBO)

After

expanded Lean-blow-out (LBO) protection


OpFlexSlide 19

DLN 1/1+/


DLN1/1+ emissions reduction evolution42 PPM

W-y

ear

15 PPM

Water InjectedWater Injected DLN1+ 5ppm introduced in 2005

tons

) / M

W

DLN1DLN15 PPM

DLN fleet experience

DLN1+ 3.5ppm introduced in 2008

NO

x(t

DLN1+DLN1+

Frame DLN1 DLN1+

6B 220+ 3

7C-EA 420+ 18

DLN fleet experience3.5 PPM

‘90 ‘95 ‘06‘00

7C EA 420+ 18

9E 195+ soon

‘09



Over 30 Million DLN-Fired Hours

DLN1+ system configuration

DLN1

Optimi ed fuel

DLN1+ Transition pieces with stagedilution optimization

Optimized fuel air mixing Optimized

venturi

Class C TBC

Accessories:Redesigned secondary fuel nozzle

Closed Loop Emissions Continuous Dynamics

Robust fuel Sealing

Can Level Primary Fuel New fuel gas skid



Closed Loop Emissions Control (CLEC) or CEMS

Continuous Dynamics Monitoring (CDM)

Can Level Primary Fuel Tuning Valves

New fuel gas skid

DLN 2.0/2.6/2.6+/ /


Dry Low NOx 2.x combustion historyDLN 2.0 • 137 units, 10 million hours (7F)

25 ppm NOx• 25 ppm NOx• Turndown to 50% gas turbine load

DLN 2.6 • 750 units, 15 million hours (7F)• 9 ppm NOx

d bi l d• Turndown to <36% gas turbine load

DLN 2.6+• Developed for 9F 3-series in 2005• >64 units, >810k hours (9FB)• 9-25 ppm NOx

T d t 35% t bi l d



• Turndown to 35% gas turbine load

DLN 2.6+AFS (Axial Fuel Staged) combustorDLN 2 6+ technologyDLN 2.6+ technology

Advanced premixing1 p g• Low NOx at high Tfire• Fuel Flex – LNG and MWI

Advantages Axial fuel staging2Advantages• Faster Installation• Improved cooling

Axial fuel staging• Low NOx at high Tfire• Improved turndown

2

p g• Lower turndown



Comparative statements refer to GE technology unless otherwise stated.

SCR OpFlex * NH3 ControllerSCR NH3 t l ifi ti fi ld t t GE 7FASCR NH3 control verification field test, GE 7FA

Model Based Control (MBC) technology includes catalyst characterization

id h loutside the normal operating envelope

Factors not previously Factors not previouslyincluded in SCR control such as adsorption are active features

Dual mode operation, NOx or NH3 slip setpoint, adapts to changing p g gconditions during startup

MBC + fast & accurate combined measurement + dual mode setpoint

© 2012, General Electric Company. Proprietary information. All rights reserved.

26

p

* Trademark General Electric Company

Emission Topicsp


Start-Up and Shutdown EmissionsGas Turbine Start up Emissions

Gas Turbine NOx Emissions Across Load

Gas Turbine Start-up Emissions

• Emissions rapidly change through start combustion modes

d d

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Gas Turbine Load

• Operation and temperature dynamics

• Inherent variability and uncertainty

• Challenging to predict and measure

Rapid Response With Purge Credit

Rapid ResponseLite

LOAD

Benefits with Rapid Response

• Full load <30 minutes (hot start)


Early Emissions


• Reduced start-up emissions and fuel consumption

• More capacity available for peak

Purge

CreditConventional

Early EmissionsCompliance

• More capacity available for peak electricity demands

• Automated for predictable plant operation



Credit

Steam Bypasses ClosedGT Roll Synch

TIMEp

Particulate Matter (PM/PM10/PM2.5)DefinitionDefinition

- Filterable and condensable

- Primary versus secondaryPrimary versus secondary

Ambient Air Standards

- PM2 5 Introduced in 1997 updated in 2006PM2.5 Introduced in 1997, updated in 2006

- Develop baseline for ambient and sources

- Few offsets available

- Test methods (revised 2010)

Turbine Emissions

- True emissions – very low

- Test uncertainty/compliance risk

FlexEfficiency 60 PermittingSlide 29 2/28/2013


Typical data spread

Permitting CO2 emissions Higher efficiency lower CO emissions

New Source Performance Standard

Higher efficiency = lower CO2 emissions

- 1000 lbs CO2/MW-hr Efficiency based standard

- 12 Month rolling average

l bl l h l lBest Available Control Technology Evaluation

- Heat rate = CO2 Emissions

All i i d di i / d i- All operating scenarios and conditions / Degradation

- Technology choice

Permits continue to inch lower how low can you go- Permits continue to inch lower – how low can you go

- Testing complications

FlexEfficiency 60 PermittingSlide 30 2/28/2013


Documents

FlexEfficiency* 60 A new standard of high efficiency … new standard of high efficiency and ... Turbine H26 3 Generator x Mark* VIe Integrated Control ... • Gas turbine turndown