Fluid Flowin Fractured Carbonated - Dr.thesis_Aasmund Haugen

7/28/2019 Fluid Flowin Fractured Carbonated - Dr.thesis_Aasmund Haugen

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ableofContents

TableofContents..............................................................................................................................1Summary..............................................................................................................................................3 Acknowledgements..........................................................................................................................5ListofScientificPapers..................................................................................................................61Fractured Reservoirs...................................................................................................................7

2Recovery MechanismsinFracturedReservoirs.................................................................9

3DescriptionofFluidFlowinFracturedSystems.............................................................13

4EORinOilWetFracturedReservoirs.................................................................................18


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5Results&Discussion.................................................................................................................22

6ConclusionsandPerspectives...............................................................................................33Nomenclature.................................................................................................................................36Bibliography....................................................................................................................................37AppendixA.......................................................................................................................................44A.1ExperimentalProceduresforPolymerGelPlacement.............................................44A.2AdditionalPapersPublishedorAcceptedduringPhD.............................................47ScientificPapers.............................................................................................................................48


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insitu

Summary

Paper14


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in situ

Insitu


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Acknowledgements


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Li rsstofScientificPape

1.Haugen,VisualizingFluidFlowWithMRIInOilwetFracturedCarbonateRock

2.Haugen,]3.Haugen,omparisonofNumericalSimulationsandLaboratoryWaterfloodsinFracturedCarbonates

4.Haugen,.:NumericalSimulationandSensitivityAnalysisofInSituFluidFlowinMRILaboratoryWaterfloodsofFracturedCarbonateRocksatDifferent

Wettabilities 5.Haugen,

OilProductionbySpontaneousImbibitionfromSandstoneandChalkCylindrical

CoreswithTw (2),pp11641169.oEndsOpen,,2010,246.Haugen,Experimentalstudyoffoamflowin

fracturedoilwetlimestoneforenhancedoilrecovery


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1FracturedReservoirs

1.1Introduction

1.2ClassificationofFracturedReservoirs

Figure 1

Figure1


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etal.,

1.3CharacteristicsofFracturedReservoirs

x Low producing gasoil ratio

x Lowpressuredeclineperunitoilproduced

x Lack of transition zone:

x Smallpressuredroparoundproducingwell:

x Constantfluidpropertieswithdepth:


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2.2.1CapillaryPressureandWettability etal.

2RecoveryMechanismsinFracturedReservoirs 2.1GravityDrainage . 2.4CapillaryContinuity.2.2Spontaneousimbibition et al., et al., et al.,

etal.,

etal.,


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2.2.2InitialWaterSaturation et al.,

2.2.3MatrixBlockSize

2.3CapillaryContinuity etal.,etal., Figure 2


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etal.,

2.3.1WettingPhaseBridges

et al. et al. et al.

etal.

etal.,

igure2F


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Figure3

Figure3etal.Left Right


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3DescriptionofFluidFlowinFracturedSystems 3.1Scaling etal.etal. etal.

.

Figure4


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3.1.1EffectofBoundaryConditions

etal., filling

fractureinstantlyfilling

Figure4 etal.


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et al.

et al., et al., 3.2FractureFlowFunctions

etal.,

etal., 3.2.2CapillaryPressureintheFracture etal. etal.


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et al. et al.,


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4.1.2BrineComposition

etal.,etal.,

4EORinOilWetFracturedReservoirs 4.1WettabilityReversal4.1.1Surfactants

etal., etal,.etal.,etal,.


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etal. etal.

4.1.3ThermalStimulation et al.4.2InterfacialTensionReduction et al.

4.3Foam

et al.etal., et al.,


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4.4.1PolymerGels et al., etal.,

etal. etal. etal.,

4.4PermeabilityReduction

etal.


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et al. 4.4.2PolymerEnhancedFoamandFoamedGel

4.4.3MicrobialPermeabilityReduction

et al.


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5.1FluidFlowinFracturedCarbonatesPaper1 Paper2

5Results&Discussion insitu Paper1 Paper24,

Paper2Paper3insitu Paper5

Paper 14 Paper 6


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Figure5. insitu

etal.

Figure 5

Paper2

5.1.1RockTypesExtendingtheWettabilityConditions

2.3.1Wetting PhaseBridges

etal.,

Paper1

Paper 2:


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5.1.2StronglyWaterWetConditions

Paper2 insitu Insitu thefillingregime

Paper1.

.

Paper1.

5.1.3WeaklyWaterWetConditions Paper 2 instantly filled fracture


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5.1.4OilWetConditionsPaper1Paper2 Figure 6

Figure6:

Paper1Paper2 insitu .

etal.,


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Paper4

5.2SimulatingFlowinFracturedRocks

Paper 1 Paper 3 Paper 4 Paper3Paper4 Paper4

5.2.1HistoryMatchingLaboratoryWaterfloods insituPaper3Paper4insitu

Paper1

5.2.2CapillaryPressureintheFracture etal.,Paper3insitu


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5.2.3FracturePermeability Paper 4. et al.,

Paper1

et al.,


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5.4EnhancedOilRecovery Paper14

5.3SpontaneousImbibitionwithTEOBoundaryConditions

Paper 5 etal.

etal.,


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Paper4Paper1Paper6

5.4.1FoaminFractured,OilWetLimestonePaper 6

etal.,

etal.,Paper6Paper14

Paper 6


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etal.,

etal.,Paper6 Paper 6

Paper 4

Paper6 Paper2Paper4


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insitu5.4.2FracturePermeabilityReductionbyPolymerGel

Appendix A.1.

Figure7

.

XDXD


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Figure7

5.4.3FoamversusPolymerGel

Paper 6


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6ConclusionsandPerspectivesInsitu

x

x

x Insitu

x

x Insitu

x


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etal.,etal.,etal.,

et al,. et al.,

x

Paper 6

Insitu

etal.

insituetal.


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Nomenclature


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Bibliography ThermallyInducedWettabilityAlterationTo

ImproveOilRecoveryinFracturedReservoirs

WettingPhaseBridges

overyin

EstablishCapillaryContinuityAcrossOpenFracturesandIncreaseOilRec

MixedWetFracturedChalk OnlineFirstFluidFlow

inFracturesVisualizedbyMRIDuringWaterfloodsatVariousWettabilityConditions

eWidthandFlowRateEmphasisonFractur

SpontaneousImbibitionofWaterIntoLowPermeableChalkatDifferentWettabilitiesUsingSurfactants

ImbibitionAssistedTwoPhaseFlowinNaturalFractures

BasicConseptsintheTheoryofredRocks 24SeepageofHomogeneousLiquidsinFissu

Generalizedenteringcoefficients:acriterionorousmedia 9forfoamstabilityagainstoilinp EffectofFoamonTrappedGasSaturationandon

oWater 4

PermeabilityofPorousMediat

ofPorousMediato EffectofFoamonPermeabilityGas 4

FoamFlowinHeterogeneousPorousMedia:EffectofCrossflow 4

Experimentalstudyofcocurrentand countercurrentflowsinnaturalporousmedia 5

Masterthesis GravityDrainageTheory SweepImprovementinCO2FloodingbyUseof

FoamingAgents 3


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LaboratoryMonitoringofSurfactantImbibitionWithComputerizedTomography4

DelayedHPAMGelationviaTransientSequestrationofChromiumin

41PolyelectrolyteComplexNanoparticlesTheeffectoffracturerelative

turallypermeabilityandcapillarypressuresonthenumericalsimulationofna

fracturedreservoirs Complementary

ecoveryMechanismsinFracturedReservoirsImagingofOilR

hanismsinFracturedReservoirsandField

RecoveryMecPerformance

39

illaryPressureinFracturedPorousMedia Cap42 FractureLiquidTransmissibilityinFractured

PorousMedia 9

TwoPhaseFlowinSmoothanddCorrelationbyPorousMediumandPipeFlow

RoughFractures:Measurementan

Models 22 MatrixFractureTransferthroughCountercurrentImbibitioninPresenceofFractureFluidFlow 55

satMRITomographyofSaturationDevelopmentinFracturesDuringWaterflood

VariousWettabilityConditions

ComplementaryimagingtechniquesapplyingNTIandMRIdeterminedwettability

irseffectsonoilrecoverymechanismsinfracturedreservo

WettabilityEffectsonOil

rvoirs 4RecoveryMechanismsinFracturedReseComparisonofNumericalSimulationsand

LaboratoryWaterfloodswithInSituSaturationImagingofFracturedBlocksof

ReservoirRocksatDifferentWettabilities

ImpactofFractureWaterWetFracturedChalkReservoirsPermeabilityonOilRecoveryinModerately

ReproducibleWettabilityAlterationof

LowPermeableOutcropChalk

2


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OilRecoverybyGravityDrainage

Experiencesafter10yearsof

theEkofiskField,Norway6

waterflooding

2 TheSteamFoamProcessReviewofSteamFoamProcessMechanismstoSP 1

(Supplement E 9505)

GasandLiquidFlowThroughPorousMed he TheMechanismof iaint PresenceofFoam 8

tinuityinFracturedReservoirsCapillaryCon

LaboratoryStudiesofCapillaryInteractioninFracture/MatrixSystems 5

Effectofinjectionrate,initialwatersaturationandightlywaterwetfracturedporousmediagravityonwaterinjectioninsl

58 LowIFTgasoilgravitydrainageinfractured

70carbonateporousmedia

tionofoilrecoveryduringwaterimbibition

52

Experimentalinvestiga

ImbibitionofSulfateandMagnesiumIonsintondTheirInfluenceonWettability22

CarbonateRocksatElevatedTemperaturesa

AlterationandOilRecovery Anexperimentalstudyofspontaneous

tarylayersimbibitioninfracturedsandstonewithcontrastingsedimen67

Numericalsimulationofwateroilflowinnaturallyfracturedreservoirs 16

Foamflowthroughatransparentroughwalledfracture17


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CapillaryC

GeneralizedScalingApproachforSpontaneousImbibition:An9

ontinuityBetweenBlocksofaFracturedReservoir

AnalyticalModel

Pressuresactingincountercurrent spontaneousimbibition 52

FlowinFracturedRocks Generalizedscalingofspontaneousimbibition

tsystemsdataforstronglywaterwe18

ImbibitionOilRecoveryfromFractured,WaterDriveReservoir 2

Coursehandouts

MechanisticInvestigationofWaterflood A DiversionUsingFoamedGels 10

Recoveryofoilbyspontaneousimbibition6

PhD

TwoPhaseFlowVisualizationandRelativePermeabilityMeasurementinTransparentReplicasofRoughWalledRockFractures

onin CocurrentandCountercurrentImbibitiaWaterWetMatrixBlock 5

Multiphaseflowpropertiesof51fracturedporousmedia

Experimentalandanalyticalstudyof

porousmediamultidimensionalimbibitioninfractured36

Amicromodelinvestigationoftwophasematrixfracturetransfermechanisms

42


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MechanismsofFoamGenerationinGlassBeadPacks 3

MathematicalSimulationModelDescribingIranianFracturedReservoirsandit'sApplicationtoHaftKelField

roughanOilWetPorousMedium:A FoamFlowThLaboratoryStudy 7

Wettabilityalterationandoilrecoveryperaturesbywaterimbibitionatelevatedtem

52 Theeffectofwettabilityonfoamsensitivityto15crudeoilinporousmedia

UseofPreformedGelsforConformanceControlinFracturedSy

stems

12PolymerGelDehydrationDuringExt

rusionThroughFractures

14 GelPropagationThroughFractures

16

GelTreatmentsforReducingChannelinginNaturally 14

FracturedReservoirs

MultiphaseFlowinFractures:CoCurrentandCounterCurrentFlowinaFracture 49


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AnEvaluationofSpontaneousgaNonionicanda

ImbibitionofWaterintoOilWetCarbonateReservoirCoresUsin

CationicSurfactant 16TheEffectofCapillary

onGravityDrainageFromFractured

ConnectivityAcrossHorizontalFractures

PorousMedia WettabilityalterationofcarbonatesEffectserminingions(Ca2+andSO42)andtemperature

ofpotentialdet

275edFoamsPart1:LaboratoryDevelopmentand

2 PolymerEnhanc

EvaluationConformanceTreatmentsIncreaseOilProduction

Gel

inWyoming 40 MoreThan12YearsExperienceWithaSuccessful

rGelTechnology 15ConformanceControlPolyme

EffectofPressureGradientandInitialWaterSaturationetandMixedWetFracturedPorousMediaonWaterInjectioninWaterW

Salinity,Temperature,OilComposition,andOil

RecoverybyWaterflooding 12leshapeandboundaryConditions

TheEffectsofSamp

onCapillaryImbibition Cocurrentandcountercurrent

imbibitioninindependenttubesofnonaxisymmetricgeometry306

INITIALWATERSATURATIONANDSANDSTONEBYSPONTANEOUSANDOILRECOVERYFROMCHALK

IMBIBITIONductionUsingGelled

ControllingWaterPro

PolymerSystems 11 ValidityofCubicLawfor

Fracture 16FluidFlowinaDeformableRock

Aphysicallybasedapproachformodeling

porousmediamultiphasefracturematrixinteractioninfractured27 ImprovedOilRecoveryfrom

lation 10CarbonateReservoirsbyChemicalStimu

Foamsweepinfracturesforenhancedoil282recovery

283


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MatrixAcidizing:Aiversion 9NovelApproachtoFoamD

Wettabilityandoilrecoveryfromcarbonates:Effectsof

ns

279temperatureandpotentialdeterminingio

Wettabilityalterationandimprovedoilrecoverybyspontaneousimbibitionofseawaterintochalk:Impactofthepotential

42determiningionsCa2+,Mg2+,andSO301

Experimentalverificationofamodifiedscaling11

groupforspontaneousimbibition

InterrelationshipofWettability,InitialWatere,andOilRecoverybySpontaneousImbibitionand

5Saturation,AgingTim

Waterflooding FoamingAgentsDuringCO"FoamProcesses

TransportofCO2

inFracturedChalkRock OilRecoveryDuringCO2FoamInjectioninFracturedChalkRockatReservoirsConditions


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A.1.5CalculationofSpatialWaterSaturation

A.1.6ExperimentalSchedule

Preflush

Gelplacement

3. Chasewater


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A

.2 d blishedoA ditionalPapersPu rAcceptedduringPhD

Haugen,

Haugen, Thesignificanceofwettabilityand fracture properties on oil recovery efficiency in fractured carbonates

Haugen, Visualizing Oil Displacement in Fractured

Carbonate Rocks Impacts on Oil Recovery at Different Hydrostatic Stress andWettabilityConditions


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ScientificPapers

Documents

Fluid Flowin Fractured Carbonated - Dr.thesis_Aasmund Haugen