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Fluid Mechanics 07
Hydraulic and Energy Grade LinesEGL:- Energy Grade line indicate the total head at any point in the system.
HGL:- Hydraulic Grade Line indicate the piezometric head at any point in the system
Hydraulic and Energy Grade Lines
Pump Add head to the System
Turbine
Nozzle
Nozzle increase the velocity and if discharge to atmospheric the term of pressure head will be zero
Change in pipe diameter
Negative Pressure
ExampleA pump draws water (50°F) from a reservoir, where the water-surface elevation is 520 ft, and forces the water through a pipe 5000 ft long and 1 ft in diameter. This pipe then discharges the water into a reservoir with water-surface elevation of 620 ft. The flow rate is 7.85 cfs, and the head loss in the pipe is given by
Determine the head supplied by the pump, hp, and the power supplied to the flow, and draw the HGL and EGL for the system. Assume that the pipe is horizontal and is 510 ft in elevation.
Solution WhereP1=P2=Patm=zeroV1=v2=zeroHt=zero, z1=520 ft, z2=620 ft
hL= 0)==77.6 ft
=178 ft