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2d Weather Group

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The AFWA Initial Operational Configuration for the

NASA Land Information System

John Eylander

Specialized Modeling TeamsJohn.Eylander@us.af.mil

JCSDA Workshop, May 13th, 2009

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AFWA mission:A Global Team for the Global Fight

Maximizing America's power through the exploitation of

timely, accurate and relevant weather information; anytime,

everywhere.

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Integration Team

NASA Development TeamSUJAY KUMAR (SAIC)James Geiger (GSFC)

Yudong Tian (UMBC/GEST)Jing ‘Lily’ Zeng (ERT/SAIC)

Ken Harrison (ESSIC)

Project LeadersCHRISTA PETERS-LIDARD (NASA)

JOHN EYLANDER (AFWA)

AFWA Integration TeamChris Franks (NG)

Ted Lewiston (SES)Ryan Ruhge (NG)

Marv Freimund (SES)Richard Ritz (AFWA)

R. H. Reichle1, J. Santanello1, M. Rodell1, H. Kato1, D. Mocko1, C. Alonge1, M. Garcia1, K. Arsenault1, B. Cosgrove1, J. Dong1, B. Li1, J. L. Eastman1, S. Olden1, L. Lighty1,K. E. Mitchell 2,J. Meng 2,H. Wei 2, P.R.

Houser3, E.F. Wood4, J. Sheffield4, B. Doty5, P. Dirmeyer5, J. Adams5, X. Zhan6 , W. Crow7

1NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 2NCEP Environmental Modeling Center, NOAA/NWS, Camp Springs, MD

3Center for Research on Environment and Water, Calverton, MD

4Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ

5Center for Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, Calverton, MD 6NOAA-NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research, Camp Springs, MD

7USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Beltsville, MD

Additional LIS Team members and Collaborators

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Land Information System

NASA developed Land Information System (LIS) 3 year (FY02 – FY05) NASA ESTO Computational Technologies

Project

Goals: Realistic Land

Surface Modeling High resolution,

High performance computing

Efficient data management

Interoperable & Portable Land

InformationSystem

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LIS Design - Extensibility

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Highly flexible, configurable framework multiple domains LSM options Meteorological forcing

options

EnKF data assimilation module (from GMAO)

JCSDA CRTM interface (in progress, tentative FY10 release)

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LIS Integration (IOC) Goals Goal 1: LIS to fully replace all AFWA Agriculture Meteorology (AGRMET) model capabilities

Precipitation, radiation, and surface forcing algorithms Grid processing and GriB output software

Goal 2: Generate LIS products at higher resolution ¼ degree resolution threshold for IOC

Goal 3: Demonstrate use of software portability, configurability, and retrospective testing capabilities

1-year spin-up of initial conditions prior to IOC; spin-up ‘warm-started’ from AGRMET Common infrastructure enables joint testing/evaluation of software/science changes

High Performance Computing Center Program (HPCMP) Navy DoD Supercomputing Resource Center (DSRC) IBM cluster 1600 system (Babbage).

Babbage has 3072 total 1.9 GHz CPU’s Power5+ processors. Babbage uses a proprietary network and IBM's High Performance Switch (HPS), also know as Federation, to communicate between nodes. The switch provides ~7-14

microsecond latency with a raw bandwidth of 2 GBps.

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Current LIS Development

Initial Operational Configuration

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LIS - AFWA Initial Operational Configuration

LIS AFWA IOC defined as: Global ¼ degree resolution, Latitude & Longitude grid ‘AGRMET’ surface meteorological forcing ‘AGRMET’ precipitation forcing

Surface observations METAR precipitation reports & present weather estimates

Geostationary Infrared Precipitation estimate (GEOPRECIP) SSMI & SSMIS rain rate environmental data record AFWA World Wide Merged Cloud Analysis-based estimate

Poleward of 50 degrees Climatology

‘AGRMET’ radiation forcing Relies upon AFWA World Wide Merged Cloud Analysis

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IOC LIS initialization

LIS implemented ‘warm’ AGRMET input data archive starting December, 2005

Dual archive, AFWA dev/test & Navy DSRC on-line storage Enables retrospective testing of current and upgraded

AFWA-LIS configuration by NASA and AFWA Month prior to IOC, completed 1-year retrospective test of

LIS in AFWA configuration Test also ‘warm-started’ from ½ degree AGRMET data Week before implementation, ran in real-time mode on test

system to support implementation

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LIS IOCMeteorological Surface Forcing

Lower troposphere temperature and humidity profile NCEP GFS blended with

synoptic observations Near surface winds derived

from 10-meter GFS winds If GFS is not available,

NOGAPS used as a backup

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Barnes analysis method blends observations from:

Gauge reports AFWA Geostationary IR

satellite precipitation estimate AFWA CDFSII precipitation

estimate DMSP SSM/I & SSMI/S

rainrate estimates (Tropics only)

Climatology

AFWA Blended Global Precipitation EstimateAFWA Blended Global Precipitation Estimate

LIS IOC‘AGRMET’ Precipitation Forcing

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Cloud information (coverage, top, types) from the AFWA CDFSII

Reference:Shapiro (1987)

References: Idso (1981) and Wachtmann (1975)

LIS IOC‘AGRMET’ Radiation Forcing

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LIS Final Operational Configuration (FOC)

FOC defined as AGRMET turned off

Only ¼ degree LIS products available Support for WRF initialization

Separate LIS domain for each AFWA WRF domain LIS domains match resolution/projection (grid) of WRF domain

FOC tentatively scheduled for February, 2010 After FOC, plan to continually increase resolution of

global system as input data resolution increases Coupled LIS-WRF system to be completed FY2009 (April

2010), implemented late CY2010 (tentative)

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Current LIS R&D

Current LIS development efforts

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The generic LIS-DA framework already includes the NASA/GMAO EnKF module, and has been demonstrated for soil moisture and snow examples (Kumar et al., AWR 2008):

Added Tskin EnKF plug-in and NASA/GMAO bias estimation module.

LIS Data Assimilation

EnKF and direct insertion algorithms already included in latest LIS Version 6.0 release

Architecture ChangesNew RTM Forward modeComputes Tb, emissivity by channelPlanned Radiance Assimilation mode

Will invoke LIS DA routines to assimilate Tb

New RTM extensible interfaceTo add RTM, implement required interfaces

CRTM added as first RTM to LISSimulates satellite-observed radianceSupports numerous sensors

New 3D Meteorological Inputs supportFormerly only surface layer was required to force LSMRTM requires Atmospheric Profile (N layers )Implemented as Supplemental ForcingGFS data options need to be discussed with AFWA

LIS-CRTM CouplingLIS-CRTM Coupling

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LIS-WRF CouplingAFWA, NASA & NCAR joint study

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Snow Cover/Depth Analysis

AFWA-NASA Snow Algorithm (ANSA) Improves upon the science contained within the AFWA Snow

Depth Analysis (SNODEP) model Merges microwave snow depth measurements (e.g. AMSR-E)

with visible NDSI snow cover (e.g. MODIS) Current model uses primarily Synoptic Observations of Snow

Depth, SSMI snow mask EDR, and climatology

AFW

A S

NO

DEP

mod

el 2

0071

212

12Z

AM

SR-E

SW

E co

nver

ted

to S

now

D

epth

(inc

hes)

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ANSA snow map 15 January 2007

Ble

nded

Sno

w G

rid V

alue

s

(575) MODIS snow 80-100% and SWE 2-480 mm

(550) MODIS snow 21-79% and SWE 2-480 mm

(450) MODIS snow 1-20% and SWE 2-480 mm

(390) MODIS snow 80-100% and SWE 0 mm

(370) MODIS snow 21-79% and SWE 0 mm

(360) MODIS snow 1-20% and SWE 0 mm

(375) MODIS snow 1- 100% and SWE water mask

(350) MODIS cloud and SWE 2-480 mm

(330) MODIS cloud and SWE 0 mm

(305, 290) MODIS no data SWE 2-480 mm

(295) MODIS in darkness and SWE 2-480mm

(250) MODIS in darkness and SWE 0 mm

(253) AMSR-E Permanent Snow/Ice

(201) MODIS snow 1-100% and SWE land not processed

(200) MODIS snow 1-100% and SWE no data(0) Land

(1498) Fill

(1508) Ocean

(345) MODIS snow1-100% in AMSR-E swath gap

(300) MODIS cloud in AMSR-E swath gap

(355) MODIS snow 0% and SWE 2-480 mm

AFWA-NASA Snow Algorithm (ANSA)

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Summary

NASA-AFWA LIS project resulted in successful integration of LIS into operations

February 24, 2009 Initial Operational Configuration

Joint LIS development system aids “bridging the gap” between research and operational communities

Recent advances key enablers to further science development of land data assimilation, land surface modeling, forecasting of land surface characteristics

Advanced data assimilation architecture Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM) interface LIS-WRF coupling Advanced global snow characterization

FOC targeted for February, 2010 AGRMET decommissioned, enable LIS support for WRF domains

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