Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains

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Food Chains, Feeding relationships

By the end of this unit you should: Know that organisms within a habitat have feeding

relationships and that green plants are the basis of many

food chains.

Use simple diagrams and charts to show food relationships.

Know that plants make their own food.

Know that some organisms in a habitat feed off green plants.

Know that some animals prey on other animals and some eat

dead animals.

Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains

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Food chain: is a community of organisms where each

member is eaten by another member. هي مجتمع من الكائنات حيث كل عضو في هذا المجتمع يؤكل من قبل : السلسة الغذائية

عضو اخر

Science standard:5.1

All living things need food to give them the energy to

grow and move. رسزبج خ١غ اىبئبد اس١خ اغزاء ١ؼط١ب اطبلخ اسشوخ

A food chain shows how each living thing gets its food.

اضضخ اغزائ١خ رظش و١ف ٠سص و وبئ ز ػ غزاء

It shows who is eating who. The arrow means "is

eaten by".

Example:

Grass ----> Grasshopper ----> Toad ----> Snake ----

>Hawk

اضفذع ادذة اؼشت -االفؼ اصمش

This means that Grass is eaten by Grasshopper is eaten by

Toad is eaten by Snake is eaten by Hawk.

ا اؼشت ٠ؤو لج ادذة ادذة ٠ؤو لج اضفذع اضفذع ٠ؤو زا ٠غ

لج االفؼ االفؼ رؤو لج اصمش

A food chain always starts with a plant. (All plants

are PRODUCERS.) (كل النباتات هي منتجات) السلسلة الغذائية دائما تبدء بنبات All the animals in a food chain are CONSUMERS و اس١ابد ف اضضخ اغزائ١خ ضزىبد First consumer in the food chain is called primary

consumer.

Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains

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المستهلك االول في السلسلة الغذائية هو المستهلك االولي Others consumers are called secondary consumers. المستهلكات االخرى تسمى مستهلكات ثانوية A food chain ends with a PREDATOR.

(The predator is at the top of the food chain). (المفترس هو في قمة السلسة الغذائية)تنتهي السلسة الغذائية بمفترس

-Try to find the correct order for these organisms in the

food chain. في السلسلة الغذائية التالية الحية حاول ان تجد الترتيب الصحيح للكائنات

…………….. …………….. ……..…….

Which organism is the primary consumer... ... ... ضزه ا؟ ا اىبئبد Which organism is the secondary consumer... ... ... ا اىبئبد ضزه ثب ؟

On each habitat there are large numbers of food chains:

Food chain in the desert: صضخ غزائ١خ ف اصسشاء Look at the following picture and write an example about

food chain in the desert

اظش ا اصسح ازب١خ ث اوزت ثبي ػ صضخ غزائ١خ ف اصسشاء

Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains

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……………………………………………………………………………………………………

Food chain in Africa: غزائ١خ ف اغبثخ حصض

Look at the following picture and write an example about

food chain in Africa.

اظش ا اصسح ازب١خ اوزت ثبال ػ صضخ غزائ١خ ف اغبثخ

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Food chain in the marine: صضخ غزائ١خ ف اجسش

Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains

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Which organism is producer? …………………………………..

ا اىبئبد زح؟ Which organism is predator? ……………………………………. ا اىبئبد فزشس ؟

Science standard: 5.1

We can divide living organisms into groups based on their

common characteristics.

ثبالػزبد ػ اصفبد اشزشوخ ث١ب ز١خ ف دػبدئبد ايضزط١غ رمض١ اىب

One way of classifying living organisms is based on the

way they feed.

ازذ اطشق از صف ثب اىبئبد اس١خ االػزبد ػ طش٠مخ ازغز٠خ

We can start by dividing living organisms into:

1-Organisms that make their own food, they are called

producers. اىبئبد از رضزط١غ ا رزح غزاءب ثفضب رض زدخ

2-Organisms that cannot make their own food, they are

called consumer ال رضزط١غ ا رزح غزاءب ثفضب رض ضزىخ اىبئبد اذ

Producers: Living organisms that are able to make their

own food

Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains

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اىبئبد اس١خ از رضزط١غ ا رصغ غزاءب ثفضب :ازدبد

Green plants are producers. اجبربد زدخ

Why? برا؟

Green plants are able to make their own food from simple

materials.

اجبربد اخضشاء لبدسح ػ صغ غزائب ثفضب اد ثض١طخ

Plants use light to make food.

اجبربد رضزخذ اضء صغ غزائب

What a plant needs to make food

ب ٠سزبج ا١ اجبد صغ اغزاءWhere it comes from

ا٠ ٠ز اسصي ػ١ب

Water ابء

Carbon dioxide ثب اوض١ذ اىشث

Light اضء

-Observe the picture and complete the table. الزظ اصسح او ادذي ازب

Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains

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How do plants make their own food? و١ف رصغ اجبربد غزاءب

In the leaves: ف االساق

1. Sunlight and carbon dioxide are absorbed by the

leaves

اشؼخ اشش ثب اوض١ذ اىشث رزص لج االساق .2

3. Water is absorbed from the soil by the roots

ازصبص ازشثخ ػ طش٠ك ادزس ابء ٠ز .4

5. Plants use the light to change carbon dioxide and

water into food and oxygen. All that can be shown by

this equation:

, اجبربد رضزخذ اضء زسي ثب اوض١ذ اىشث ابء ا طؼب اوضد١ .6

: زا ٠ظش ثبؼبدخ ازب١خ

light

Carbon dioxide + Water Food + Oxygen

اضء

اء اغز+ ابء االوضد١ + ثب اوض١ذ اىشث

All animals are consumers. و اس١ابد ضزىبد

Consumers: Living organisms that are unable to make their

Own food.

وبئبد ز١خ ز١خ ال رضزط١غ ا رصغ غزاءب ثفضب: اضزىبد

Each animal has a different feeding habit.

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و ز١ا ػبداد غزائ١خ خزفخ

Consumers are also divided up according to their feeding

habits.

Some animals feed off green plants. ثؼض اس١ابد رزغز ػ اجبربد اخضشاء Some feed off other animals بد رزغز ػ اس١ابد االخشثؼض اس١ا Some feed off dead animals. ثؼض اس١ابد رزغز ػ اس١ابد ا١زخ Some animals feed of plant & meat. ثؼض اس١ابد رزغز ػ اجبربد اس Some animals break down dead animals and plants. اس١ابد اجبربد ا١زخ ثؼض اس١ابد رس

1- Herbivores: Animals that feed off plants

اؼشج١بد اس١ابد از رزغز ػ اجبربد

Deer, grasshoppers and rabbits are all herbivores.

اغزاي ادذة االست خ١ؼ اوالد االػشبة

Herbivores eat different parts of plants (Stem and leaves)

and some eat the seeds, root and the fruits. اوالد االػشبة

.اثبس ادزس, اجزس ثؼضب ٠أو ( اضبق االساق)٠أو اخزاء خزفخ اجبد

Herbivores

اؼاشت

Carnivores

اوخ اس

Scavengers

اوالد اش

Omnivores

اوالد اس

االػشبة

Decomposers

سالد ا

Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains

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2- Carnivores: Animals that prey on other

animals

اس١ابد از رزغز ػ اس١ابد االخش :اوخ اس

Lions, cheetah and crocodile are all carnivores

افد ازضبذ خ١ؼ اوالد اس , االصد

In order for the carnivores to get their food, they hunt. رصطبد ٠زطت اوالد اس زسص ػ غزائب ا

Predators are animals that get their food by killing and

Eating other animals.

اس١ابد از رسص ػ غزائب ػ طش٠ك لز او : اس١ابد افزشصخ

اس١ابد االخش

A Prey is any animal that is hunted and caught to be

eaten for food.

ا ز١ا ٠ز اصط١بد ا لز ١ؤو وغزاء : افش٠ضخ

Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains

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Some animals don’t need to hunt their food.

ثؼض اس١ابد ال رسزبج ال رصطبد غزاءب

They feed off dead animals.

بد ا١زخ ٠زغز ػ اس١ا

Some animals wait for a wounded animal to die by itself.

ثؼض اس١ابد رزظش اس١ابد ادش٠سخ زد فضب

Some animals wait for the predators to finish eating and

eat what is left of the prey.

وب ث رأو ب رم افشص١خثؼض اس١ابد رزظش اس١ابد افزشصخ زى ا

3-Scavengers: Animals that feed on dead animals that

They did not kill.

Predator

فزشسPrey

فش٠ضخ

Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains

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اس١ابد از رزغز ػ اس١ابد ا١زخ د ا رمزب : اوالد اش

Examples: Eagle, Hyena.

اضش اضجغ : ثخا

4-Omnivores: Animals that eat both meat and plant

اس١ابد از رأو اس١ابد اجبربد ؼب :أوالد اس اجبد

Bears and crows eat both meat and plants.

اد ؼب اذثجخ اغشاة ٠أو اجبربد اس١ا

Humans are a good example of omnivores.

االضب ثبي خ١ذ الوالد اس١ابد اجبربد ؼب

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5- Decomposers are organisms that break down dead plants

or animals into the substances that plants need for growth.

جبربد اس١ابد ا١زخ ا ااد اال١خ از ٠سزبخب اىبئبد از رسط ا: اسالد

.اجبد

Examples: Worms, Snails, Fungi.

اسزبد افطش٠بد , اذ٠ذا : اثخ

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Activity

Discuss with your group the importance of decomposer for

the environment.

بلش غ دػزه ا١خ اسالد ج١ئخ : شبط

Key terms:

Food chain اضضخ اغزائ١خ Feeding

relationships اؼاللبد اغزائ١خ Producer ازح Consumer اضزه Primary consumer اضزه اال Secondary

consumer اضزه اثب Herbivore اوالد االػشبة Carnivore اوالد اس Scavengers اوالد ا Omnivores اوالد اس اجبربد Predator حاس١ابد افزشس Prey افش٠ضخ Decomposers اسالد

Key ideas: Food chain is a relation that

shows who is eating who to get

energy اضضخ اغزائ١خ اؼاللخ از رظش ٠أو

١سص ػ اطبلخ All living organisms can be

divided into two groups

(producers and consumers). و اىبئبد اس١خ ٠ى ا رمض ا دػز١

(ضزىخ زدخ) Plants are producers that make

their own food like green plants. اجبربد زدخ رصغ غزاءب ث اجبربد

اخضشاء All animals are consumers. و اس١ابد ضزىخ Consumers are divided up into

different groups according to

their feeding habits.

( Herbivores -Carnivores –

scaversers – Omnivores and

Decomposers)

اضزىبد رمض ا دػبد خزفخ رجؼب

اوالد ,اوالد االػشبة) ؼبدارب اغزائ١خ

الد اجبربد ان,اوالد اش,اس

(اسالد,اس

Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains

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Project: ششع Collect pictures of animals from Qatar’s environment and

classify them according to their feeding habits.

اجمع صىر حيىانبت من البيئة القطزية و صنف هذه الحيىانبت حسب عبداتهم الغذائية

Key question:

1- Why plants are called producers? برا رض اجبربد زدخ؟

………………………………………………………..

2- What are consumers? ب اضزىبد؟

………………………………………………………..

3- Write the scientific term: اوزت اصطر اؼ - Community of organisms where each member is eating

by another member (……………………) دزغ اىبئبد از ف١ب و ػض ٠ؤو ػض اخش -

-

- Animals that eat only plants (…………………….) اس١ابد ار رأو فمظ اجبربد -

- Animals that hunt and kill other animals (…………….) اس١ابد از رصطبد رمز اس١ابد االخش -