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Annual Paper - P H Y S I C S SPECIMEN

Form 3 Time: 2 hrs

Name:______________________________ CLASS:______________ Answer all questions on the exam paper. In calculations you are advised to show all steps in your working. The use of scientific calculators is allowed. Marks are allotted for good presentation and well-labelled diagrams. Wherever necessary take the acceleration due to gravity, g = 10 m/s² .

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Waves

v = f λ

f = T1

m = uv

m = object ofheight image ofheight

ηηηη = medium inlight of speed

air inlight of speed

ηηηη = depthapparent

depth real

Forces & Motion

W = mg Average Speed = Time Total

Distance Total

Density m = ρ V

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1. This question is about forces and density.

The diagram below shows a hovercraft which is moving to the left.

(a) The mass of the fuel used to drive the hovercraft’s engine must be known as

this effects the hovercraft’s overall mass. The density of the fuel is 870 kg/m3

and the tank has a size of 115cm by 60 cm by 35 cm.

(i) Calculate the volume of fuel needed in m3 when the tank is full. (2)

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(ii) Calculate the mass of the fuel when the tank is full? (2)

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(b) Four forces are acting on the hovercraft. Two of the forces have been done for

you. Label the other two arrows showing the two other forces. (2)

(c) The mass of the hovercraft is 500kg. Calculate its weight. (2)

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Lift

Drag (Air resistance)

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(d) State the size of the lift force required to get the hovercaft to just hover over

the surface. (1)

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(e) When the hovercraft moves on land, it floats on air, what force has been

reduced by this innovation? (1)

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2. This question is about Lenses.

A convex lens has a focal length of 4cm. An object 1.2 cm high is placed in front

of it as shown in the diagram below.

(a) Complete the diagram to show how two rays from the object form the image

when passing through the lens. (4)

(b) Line AB is called the ___________________ _________. (1)

(c) Give 3 features of the object formed. (3)

__________________; ____________________; ___________________

(d)Calculate the magnification of the lens in this position. (2)

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(e)What is the main use of the lens in the position of the object as shown? (1)

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lens

object

A B F

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3. This question is about Earth and Space

(a) Why do we have day and night? Illustrate in the space below. (2)

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(b) (i) List the planets in order starting from the one closest to the sun. (2)

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(ii)Which planet has the longest year? Explain. (2)

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(c) (i) Explain one difference between an optical and a radio telescope. (1)

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(ii) The Hubble Space Telescope is an optical telescope. Give one reason why

the Hubble Space Telescope obtains clearer images than other optical

telescopes in observatories on earth. (1)

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4. This question is about the electromagnetic spectrum

There are a number of different waves that make up the electromagnetic

spectrum.

(a) The diagram shows the types of radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum.

What waves would you expect to find in position A and B. (2)

A : __________________________________________________

B : __________________________________________________

(b) Which of the waves mentioned above : (3)

(i) Is used to sterilize surgical equipment: _____________________________

(ii) Is used to detect people in foggy areas: _____________________________

(iii) Is used to detect forged bank notes: _________________________________

(c) Radio stations ‘encode’ (change) sound waves into radio waves which are then transmitted to radio receivers. Five radio stations transmit waves with the following frequencies:

500 kHz 550 kHz 600 kHz 850 kHz 1000 kHz

(i) Which station uses one of the above frequencies to transmits waves of the

smallest wavelength? (1)

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(ii) Give one advantage of transmitting radio waves rather than sound waves.

(1)

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(iii) Give another difference between radio waves and sound waves (other than

that mentioned above). (1)

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γ -rays A ultra-violet

Visible light

B Microwaves Radio Waves

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5. This question is about renewable sources of energy. (a) Give details on the formation of fossil fuels. (2)

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(b) Considering our climate in Malta and the rise in petroleum,

(i) suggest two suitable renewable energy sources. (2)

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(ii) Give two advantages of using these renewable sources of energy. (2)

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(c) Your aunt complains that the bill for electricity is ever rising, suggest two

suitable renewable energy equipment that can make the difference in her

electrical energy consumption if she installs any one of them in her house.

Explain why each one is convenient? (2,2)

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6. This question is about Waves.

The diagram below shows four wavefronts approaching the Straits of Gibraltar

from the Atlantic Ocean and their appearance later in the Mediterranean Sea.

(a) Does the frequency of the waves change as they pass through the Straits of

Gibraltar? (1)

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(b)Similar waves go through a smaller gap between the two islands as shown

below. Complete the diagram below to show the appearance of the three

wavefronts to the right hand side of the gap. (2)

(c) Name the phenomenon illustrated by this diagram. (1)

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Mediterranean Sea

Straits of Gibraltar

Atlantic Ocean

Wave Direction

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(d) As these waves move towards the coast their wavelength is seen to

decrease.

(i) State and explain what happens to the wave speed. (2)

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(ii) State what phenomenon takes place. (1)

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(e) If the speed of the waves is 20m/s, and the distance between wavefronts is

2.5m.

(i) What is the wavelength? (1)

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(ii) Calculate the frequency of the waves. (2)

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7. This question is about helical springs.

Sarah hangs a light helical spring vertically from a fixed position. She uses a light pointer attached to its lower end, to take readings on a vertical scale when masses of various sizes are attached. She tabulates the scale readings of the pointer for the different masses attached.

Mass attached

(kg) 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Scale reading

(mm) 245 285 325 365 405 465

Extension (mm) 0 160

(a) Calculate the extension for the missing measurements in the table above. (1)

(b) Use these results to plot a graph of extension e (mm) on the y-axis

(vertical) against mass m (kg) on the x-axis. (4)

(c) From the graph you have just plotted, what information do you get about the

relationship between the extension and the mass, in the region from no

load up to a load of 0.4kg? (2)

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(d) Give the name of the law describing this relationship. (1)

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(e) Above 0.4kg, the elastic limit had been exceeded. Explain what happens

to the spring above this point? (1)

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(f) Name one precaution required to obtain accurate results during such an

experiment. (1)

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8. This question is about Optics.

(a) Mark and Julia want to investigate the laws of reflection.

(i) Draw a well-labelled diagram to show the setup of the apparatus needed to

verify the laws of reflection. (2)

(ii)Describe the method they should follow to verify the laws of reflection. (3)

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(iii) What are the two laws of reflection they verify by following this method. (2)

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(b) Mark and Julia then experiment using a prism. They setup the apparatus as

shown below to show the visible spectrum of white light on a screen.

(i) Complete the above ray diagram to show how the visible spectrum of

white light is obtained on the screen. (Show only the red and violet

rays.) (2)

(ii) Mark on the screen which is the red ray and which is the violet ray. (1)

(iii) Why does white light split into seven colours when it enters the

triangular prism? (2)

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(iv) The speed of light in the air is 3 x 108m/s while the refractive index of

the glass prism is 1.5. Calculate the speed of light in the glass prism.

(2)

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ray box screen

prism

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9. This question is about waves.

Sarah decides to experiment on different kinds of waves.

(a) She uses a long stretched spring to demonstrate two types of waves A and

B. She moves her hands in the directions shown.

(i) Write down the type of wave formed at: (2)

A: _________________________________________________________________

B: _________________________________________________________________

(ii) Name one other difference (apart from the hand motion) between these

two types of waves. (2)

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(b) Sarah went to hospital with her mother to see

an ultrasound image of her baby sister. A wave

was transmitted into the body, where it is

reflected at the boundaries between different

types of tissue. The velocity of the ultrasound

waves travelling through the muscle is 1590m/s.

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(i) The thickness of the muscle if the echo is received after 0.0001s. (3)

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(ii) Name one other type of wave which can be used to obtain information

about the internal structure of the body. (1)

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(iii) Give a possible reason why this type of wave is never used with

unborn babies or toddlers. (1)

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End of Exam Paper – Good luck !!

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Space for any rough working