Form 6 VForm 6 V

School № 5School № 5

Alex MuraschenkoAlex Muraschenko

Teacher T. V.AkutovaTeacher T. V.Akutova

The Olympic Games have a The Olympic Games have a very long history. They very long history. They

began in 77began in 7766 ВС in Greece ВС in Greece and took place every four and took place every four

years for nearly twelve years for nearly twelve centuries at Olympia. centuries at Olympia.

Olympia was a sanctuary Olympia was a sanctuary dedicated in honor of Zeus, dedicated in honor of Zeus,

the father of all Greek the father of all Greek Gods and Goddesses. The Gods and Goddesses. The

games were part of a games were part of a religious festival.religious festival.

Photo 1: model of layout of Photo 1: model of layout of Zeus’ Sanctuary; Zeus’ Sanctuary;

gateway to stadiumgateway to stadium

Photo 2: Hellenic Ministry of Photo 2: Hellenic Ministry of CultureCulture

Usually the Olympic Games began before the middle of the summer. Usually the Olympic Games began before the middle of the summer. Best athletes arrived from many Greek states to Olympia to compete in Best athletes arrived from many Greek states to Olympia to compete in running, long jumps, throwing of discus and javelin and wrestling. In the running, long jumps, throwing of discus and javelin and wrestling. In the

course of time fist fighting (boxing) and chariot races were also course of time fist fighting (boxing) and chariot races were also included in the Games.included in the Games.

All athletes took an oath that they had been preparing well for All athletes took an oath that they had been preparing well for the Games and promised to compete honestly and keep the the Games and promised to compete honestly and keep the

rules of the sacred Olympics. The athletes took part in all kinds rules of the sacred Olympics. The athletes took part in all kinds of competitions.of competitions.

PhotoPhoto:: Birthplace Birthplace of the Olympic of the Olympic

Games - Ancient Games - Ancient GreeceGreece

Winners were called «olympionics», Winners were called «olympionics», they were awarded olive wreaths and they were awarded olive wreaths and

cups of olive oil. This tradition has cups of olive oil. This tradition has survived. In our time sportsmen often survived. In our time sportsmen often get cups and wreaths for winning the get cups and wreaths for winning the

first place in sports competitions.first place in sports competitions.

PhotoPhoto: : olive wreaths olive wreaths

Only men could take part in the Olympic Only men could take part in the Olympic Games. Women were not allowed even to Games. Women were not allowed even to

watch the competitions at the stadium under watch the competitions at the stadium under the fear of death penalty. There was a single the fear of death penalty. There was a single exception, when a woman coached her son exception, when a woman coached her son

and accompanied him to the stadium in men's and accompanied him to the stadium in men's clothes. That brave woman was spared the clothes. That brave woman was spared the penalty because her son excelled in many penalty because her son excelled in many

events.events.

PhotoPhoto: : Olympic Olympic athletesathletes

PhotoPhoto: : Olympic Olympic Games Games

The Olympic Games had The Olympic Games had been held for about been held for about

eleven hundred years, eleven hundred years, until the emperor until the emperor

Theodosius banned them Theodosius banned them for religious reasons in for religious reasons in

394 A. D.394 A. D.

The revival of the The revival of the Olympic Games Olympic Games began long time began long time afterwards, in afterwards, in 1892, when a 1892, when a young French young French

teacher Pierre de teacher Pierre de Coubertin made a Coubertin made a

public speech public speech before the Union of before the Union of French sports clubs French sports clubs

in Paris.in Paris.

PhotoPhoto:: Pierre de Pierre de Coubertin Coubertin (1863-1937)(1863-1937)

Denmark

Australia

Austria

Bulgaria

United Kingdom

Hungary

Germany

Greece

241 athletes from the countries:

Italy

USA

France

Chile

Switzerland

Sweden

Modern Olympic Games Modern Olympic Games

Summer - 1896Summer - 1896

                            (Athens, Greece)(Athens, Greece)

Winter – 1924Winter – 1924

                        (Chamonix, France)(Chamonix, France)

PhotoPhoto: : Olympic athlete

RussiaRussia

The first time - in 1912 in Stockholm The first time - in 1912 in Stockholm (Summer Games)(Summer Games)

Game’s emblemGame’s emblem

Designed by the Designed by the founder of the modern founder of the modern Olympic Games, Baron Olympic Games, Baron Pierre de Coubertin in Pierre de Coubertin in

1913.1913.

  MottoMotto::

«Citius, Altius, Fortius!»«Citius, Altius, Fortius!»

Photo: Olympic flame

The Olympic flagThe Olympic flagFlag appeared Flag appeared

for the first time for the first time at the Olympic at the Olympic Games in 1920 Games in 1920

in Antwerp in Antwerp (Belgium). The (Belgium). The Olympic flag is Olympic flag is

used in the used in the opening and opening and

closing of each closing of each Olympic Games.Olympic Games.

Winter OlympicsWinter Olympics

SportsSports::

• biathlonbiathlon• Bobsleigh: bobsled, skeletonBobsleigh: bobsled, skeleton• Speed skating: speed skating, figure Speed skating: speed skating, figure

skating, short trackskating, short track• curlingcurling• Skiing: Alpine skiing, Nordic Skiing: Alpine skiing, Nordic

combined, ski racing, jumping, ski combined, ski racing, jumping, ski jumping, snowboarding, freestylejumping, snowboarding, freestyle

• toboggantoboggan• Ice hockeyIce hockey

Summer OlympicsSummer OlympicsbadmintonbadmintonbasketballbasketballboxingboxingWrestling: Greco-Roman wrestling, freestyle wrestlingWrestling: Greco-Roman wrestling, freestyle wrestlingCycling: Cycling-BMX, Road Cycling, Track Cycling, Cycling Mountain BikeCycling: Cycling-BMX, Road Cycling, Track Cycling, Cycling Mountain BikeWater sports: swimming, synchronized swimming, diving, water polo, open water, Water sports: swimming, synchronized swimming, diving, water polo, open water, water skiingwater skiingVolleyball: Volleyball, Beach VolleyballVolleyball: Volleyball, Beach VolleyballhandballhandballGymnastics: artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, trampolineGymnastics: artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, trampolineRowingRowingRowing and canoeingRowing and canoeingjudojudoequestrian sportequestrian sporttrack and fieldtrack and fieldtable tennistable tennissailingsailingmodern Pentathlonmodern PentathlonArcheryArcheryShooting: shooting, clay pigeon shootingShooting: shooting, clay pigeon shootingtennistennisTriathlonTriathlonTaekwondoTaekwondoweightliftingweightliftingfencingfencingfootballfootballField hockeyField hockey

TalismansTalismans

MedalsMedals

ParalympicsParalympicsFirst Games for the Disabled were held in First Games for the Disabled were held in

1948 in the English town of Stoke 1948 in the English town of Stoke Mandeville.Mandeville.

        The Paralympic Games are held in the The Paralympic Games are held in the same city as the Olympic Games.same city as the Olympic Games.

Photo: Paralympians