Forms of Poetry

Reading Standard 3.1Determine and articulate the relationship between thepurposes and characteristics of different forms of poetry(e.g., ballad, epic, lyric, couplet, ode, and sonnet).

I love poetry!

Sometimes poetry has no particular form or rhyme scheme; these types of poems are called free verse poems.

Traditionally, however, poems have a particular format and/ or rhyming pattern.

The subject matter and form of a poem may put it in a particular category like ballad, epic, lyric, sonnet, ode, elegy, narrative, haiku etc.

Rhyme SchemeRhyme Scheme- a pattern of rhyme in a poem. For instance, if there are 4 lines, or a quatrain, and the first and third lines rhyme, it has the pattern of a-b-a-b.

If all four lines rhyme with each other, it has the rhyme scheme of a-a-a-a.

If only the second and fourth lines rhyme, the pattern is a-b-c-b.

Rhyme Scheme

Whose woods these are I think I know.His house is in the village though:He will not see me stopping hereTo watch his woods fill up the snow.

The woods are lovely, dark, and deep, But I have promises to keep.And miles to go before I sleep.And miles to go before I sleep.

The Sonnet:

A fourteen-line poemExpresses author’s feelingsHas a particular end rhyme pattern (ABABCDCD…)Usually ends in a rhymed couplet (two lines with end rhyme)Shakespeare wrote over 100 sonnets

Lyric Poem

Lyric Poem- a short poem in which a single speaker expresses personal thoughts and feelings

The Ode:

It’s a lyric poem usually addressed to a particular person or thing.

It generally deals with one main idea and can be written as a song of praise or to celebrate an experience, thing or a person.

Ode to a Fountain Pen:

“Oh beloved pen of midnight black ink,

How I love to roll you down my nose.”

Ode to My Thumb:

“Delicious appendage on myleft hand. You are my favoritefinger, my most tasty dessert.”

Ode to Dancing:

“’Kick up your heelsWave your hands in the air.There’s nothing as joyful asdancing in pairs!”

Ode to My Teeth:Little white molarsStriped with braces

Help me make amusing faces

A ballad is a songlike poem that tells a story, often a sad story of betrayal, death, or loss. •Ballads usually have a regular, steady rhythm, a simple rhyme pattern, and a refrain, or a repeated part of a poem, all of which make them easy to memorize.•Usually follows a-b-c-b rhyme scheme.•Historically ballads were passed down orally from person to person rather than in writing.

Steady rhythm, simple rhyme pattern,and refrain.That’s easy!!

Narrative Poem: Tells a story

Elegy: A poem written for someone who has died, often a tribute. Most are written in formal writing and a serious tone.

Couplets: two rhyming lines of poetry that are consecutive.

Haiku: consists of 17 unrhymed syllables, organized into three lines, and doesn’t rhyme:

Line 1: 5 syllables

Line 2: 7 syllables

Line 3: 5 syllables

Most describe nature, a moment of beauty which keeps you thinking or feeling.

Lymerick: an amusing verse of five lines:

Lines 1, 2, and 5 ryhme and lines 3 and 4 rhyme.Line 5 refers to line 1Lines 3 and 4 are usually shorter than the other lines. The rhyming pattern is AABBA

EX: There once was a musical kingWho suddenly started to sing.The birds of the skyAll started to flyRight over that talented king

Concrete Poem: a poem that creates a picture

Acrostic poem: a poem that is vertical and spells out a word and usually describes that word.

Ex:

A: antsyM: merryY: young

An epic is a long narrative poem about the many deeds of a great hero.

•Closely connected to a particular culture. The hero of an epic embodies the important values of the society he comes from.

•Essentially, an epic is a long story about the quests of a hero.

•Think Hercules, and Shrek in poetic form.