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Bituminous mixes
French standardization :Component specifications
Overview of specifications
Yves BROSSEAUD – LCPC Nantes France -
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content
• Tests and Requirements for aggregates
– Standardization NF EN
– Classification NF (link with previous situation)
• Tests and Requirements for reclaim asphalt
• Tests and Requirements for bitumen
– Pure bitumen (tests and specification NF EN)
– Hard bitumen (tests and specification NF EN)
– Polymer modified binder (method)
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Mix design procedure
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Bituminous mixes
French standardizationand recommendations:
Aggregate requirements
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European standard for aggregates (2004)
NF EN 12620, 13139, 13043, 132+ Articles 7, 8, 9, 10: French classification
standard XP P 18-545
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Content of aggregate standard
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New classification for aggregate according to the European standar
exemple of designation
Characterization of fraction aggregate:Porphyre (petrography with simplification)
10/20 - GC85/15 – G 20/15
f4 - MBFNT - Fl55 – C 50/30LA25 - PSV NR – AAVNR – MDE25
AN NR –
MVR 2,55 Mg/m3
F b i ti ti
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Grading: size valuesFabrication properties
F b i ti ti
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Grading : general requirementsFabrication properties
Fraction: d/D
Maximum size for asphalt
Fundation
Surface course :
mixes:
or base courses :
20mm – 14mm current
14mm – 10mm current – 6mm improve skidding resistance
Fabrication properties
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Grading : allowed tolerances for coarse aggregates
Alternative test for grading, by using LCPC videogranulometer
Particules up to 1 mm
Fabrication properties
Fabrication properties
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Grading : allowed tolerances for the producersFabrication properties
Fabrication properties
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Grading : fines content on coarse aggregates or sandFabrication properties
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Fabrication properties
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Shape NF EN 933-3: categories for flakiness indexFabrication properties
Fabrication properties
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Shape NF EN 933-4: categories for shape index
Test does not used in France
Fabrication properties
Fabrication properties
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Angularity NF EN 933-5: categories for crushed faces
Aggregate from crushing rocks (No test): C100/0Test does not used in France
French alternative test : Angularity test for coarse aggregates
Passing time on vibrating plate
Fabrication properties
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Intrinsic properties
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18/86Other alternative test : resistance to impact SZ categories (18, 22, 26, 32, NR)
Fragmentation resistance NF EN 1097-2:
categories for Los Angeles (LA)
Test does not used in France
p p
W i i t NF EN 1097 1Intrinsic properties
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Wearing resistance NF EN 1097-1:
categories for micro Deval (MDE)
p p
P li hi i t NF EN 1097 8Intrinsic properties
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Polishing resistance NF EN 1097-8:
categories for Polishing Stone Value (PSV)
Test only used for wearing courseRequirement up to 50
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Intrinsic properties
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Water absorption effect of freeze-thaw resistance
No checking for freeze thaw resistance on aggregate used in bituminous mixes
No significant porosity of aggregates used in France (if not LA before and after freeze cycle)
Other tests for artif icial aggregate A tifi i lA tifi i l tt
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Other tests for artif icial aggregate
Example for steel slag aggregates Artificial Artificial aggregatesaggregates
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Requirements for added filler:
Voids Rigden NF EN 1097-7
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• Recommendations concerning :
– Test method and common European categories in France – Non-recommended tests in France
But it is only «for information purposes only and do notexclude other options described in European
standard»
So it is not requirements (obligation), but some
recommendations (advise) to follow
National foreword
National foreword
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Recommended tests and common categories
National foreword
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Recommended tests and common categories
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Quality control CE mark
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Quality control – CE mark
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Quality control CE mark
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Quality control – CE mark
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New classification for aggregate – exemple inside in the market
Characterization of fraction aggregate:Porphyre (petrography with simplification)
10/20 - GC85/15 – G 20/15
f4 - MBFNT - Fl
55– C
50/30LA25 - PSV NR – AAVNR – MDE25
AN NR –
MVR 2,55 Mg/m3
It is a topic for specialist: so it is necessary to classified
aggregate to facilitate the definitions in market
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General requirements or recommendations
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q
For aggregates used in asphalt mixes
Specific guide : used of european asphalt mixes
XP P 18-545 - ARTICLE 7 :CHAUSSEES
BINDER, BASE , FONDATION Courses
XP P 18-545 - ARTICLE 8 :WEARING Courses
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INTRINSIC CHARACTERISTICS
Codes Los
Angeles
Micro-Deval Polishing
resistance
(wearing)
Codes
LA 20 MDE15 PSV 56 ANC A (1)
B(1) BNC PSV 50 BNC B(1)
C(1) CNC LA 25 MDE20 CNC C(1)
D(1) CNC LA 30 MDE25
E(1) DNC LA 40 MDE35
(1) maximum compensation up to 5 points is
accepted between LA and MDE Values
c l a s s i f
i c a t i o n
NC = no compensate (strictly the N€)
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Guide for mix design : relations between
type of asphalt mix and aggregates specifications
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yp p gg g p
W e a r i n
g c o u r s e s
F u n d a
t i o n c o u r s e
s
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Guide for mix design
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Bituminous mixesFrench standardization
and recommendations:
Bitumen requirements
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General requirements
For bitumen used in asphalt mixes
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For bitumen used in asphalt mixes
Choice between different nature of bitumen
- Pure bitumen : NF EN 12591
- Hard bitumen NF EN 13924
- Polymer Modified Binder NF EN 14023*
* Only a framework with global test method
and some specifications
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Specifications for pure SOFT bitumen : designated by viscosity at 60°C
National Specification used European countries
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Bit d i F f d li ti
National foreword
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3535 àà 43434343 àà 51514646 àà 54545050 àà 58585555 àà 6363R&BR&B °°CC
160160 àà 2202207070 àà 1001005050 àà 70703535 àà 50502020 àà 3030Pen 25Pen 25°°CC
160/220160/22070/10070/10050/7050/7035/5035/5020/3020/30DescriptionDescription
« Hard» « Soft»ConsistancyConsistancy
BitumenBitumen categoriescategories NF EN 12 591:NF EN 12 591: characteristicscharacteristics ofof penetrationpenetration and R&Band R&B
Bitumen used in France for road applications
Road with traffic
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Hard bitumen used in France for road applications NF EN 13924 (EME)
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Specifications for binder, some remarks :• NPD : no performance determined
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• NR : no requirement
• TBR : to be reported
Specifications for hard bitumen defined in European standard
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National foreword
French specifications for hard paving grade
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Example for BMP 45/80-60Polymer modified bitumen
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conventional tests to assess the characterization
of PmB
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Penetrability / Viscosity -> no link with performances
(translate a state of binder)
R&B
->becarefull with the preparation
Fraass -> no good repeatability, no really significant
Traction, Elastic recovery -> favorable for elastomers/plastomers
Percentage of polymer -> composition, not a performance !
Cohesion Vialit -> energy vs temperature (Surface Dressing)
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Bitumes/Polymères (5)
Specific tests to perform the rehological
behaviour for PmB
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Bitumes/Polymères (5)expertise tests
Complex Modulus (DSR) -> assess the performances and the
rheological behaviour on all the range of uses: low temperature
service temperature
high temperature
Simulated distillation -> to find some pollutants, to
characterize the compatibilisants or plastifiants agents Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) -> to check the critical
freeze temperature
complexmodule : polymer (SBS)
Specific tests to perform the rehological behaviour for PmB
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Before ageing (origin)
0
30
60
90
1E+01 1E+03 1E+05 1E+07 1E+09
G* (Pa)
Bc
Bc-SBS* (3%)
Bc-SBS* (6%)
complexmodule : polymer (SBS)content effect
Quality control for CE mark
System 2+ = Initial Type Testing + Factory Production ControlISO 9001
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PRODUCER
NOTIFIED
BODY
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Bitumen used in France for road applications
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• The choice of penetration grade depend on:
- mechanical strains and stresses- type of climate
- altitude
- type of asphalt mix
Some recommendations are given in specific guides for application of asphalt mixes
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I whish you a very fruitful meeting on performancerequirements for asphalt mixes
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Gracias por su atención
