Upload
anthony-jared-jacobs
View
219
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Overview TODAY - History of RDA Development International context
Citation preview
FROM AACR2 to RDA(and a few things in between)
The history and context of RDA development
Jenny Stephens, National Library of Australia, October 2010
Revised 2012
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/
Overview
• From AACR2 to RDA, Part I: History and Context
• FRBR/FRAD
• From AACR2 to RDA, Part II: Structure
Overview
TODAY -
• History of RDA Development
• International context
1978
History of RDA
Why replace AACR2?• International Conference 1997
– Analysis of underlying structure of AACR2– Intellectual Content vs. Physical format
• Too much to just “amend” AACR2
History of RDAAACR3?
2004 proposal for AACR3:– Extensive revision of Part I of AACR2– Alignment with FRBR – Addition of a third section for authority control
• Constraints of working within existing AACR structure
BUT
History of RDA
2005 – new standard
• Built on the foundations of AACR2 BUT
• New structure and new emphasis• Designed for the digital world• Adaptable and flexible for the future
RDA
History of RDA
• Three parts:– Resource description– Provision of Access points– Formulation of data used for authority control
• Focused on user tasks• Independent of presentation/encoding standards• More user-friendly wording, layout and
formatting
RDA
FRBR/FRAD/FRSAD
MARC ISBD
RDA
International Cataloguing Principles
Metadata standards
Advances in Web Development
International Context
• Growth of shared cataloguing• Lower level cataloguing• Catalogues not meeting user needs• 1990- IFLA study to define the functional
requirements of bibliographic records
10
Functional requirements for Bibliographic and Authority Data
[Source: Adapted from Functional Requirements for Bibliographic records (FRBR), Functional requirements for Authority Data (FRAD), Catherine Argus, 2010]
11
• Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (1998)
• Functional Requirements for Authority Data (2009)
• Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data (2010)
• Ongoing review, eventual consolidation.
Functional requirements for Bibliographic and Authority Data
[Source: Adapted from Functional Requirements for Bibliographic records (FRBR), Functional requirements for Authority Data (FRAD) , Catherine Argus, 2010]
Conceptual models– Identify & define the things that are important - entities– Identify & define the attributes that characterise the entities– Identify & define significant relationships between entities
Functional requirements for Bibliographic and Authority Data
[Source: RDA : Resource description and access, Deirdre Kiorgaard. RDA information session for QUT students, August 31, 2010]
• Define bibliographic entities – resources, people, families, corporate bodies, and subjects
• List their attributes• Identify the relationships between the entities• Map to user tasks
13
Functional requirements for Bibliographic and Authority Data
[Source: Adapted from: What you need to know about FRBR and FRAD when reading RDA, Pat Riva, May 2009]
• are not cataloguing rules• are not system models• do not prescribe how they might be implemented
14
Functional requirements for Bibliographic and Authority Data
[Source: Adapted from Functional Requirements for Bibliographic records (FRBR), Functional requirements for Authority Data (FRAD), Catherine Argus, 2010]
• RDA uses FRBR and FRAD concepts, terms and user tasks
• RDA content and organisation reflect FRBR and FRAD– Attributes– Relationships
15
FRBR and RDA
[Source: Functional Requirements for Bibliographic records (FRBR), Functional requirements for Authority Data (FRAD), Catherine Argus, 2010]
16
Paris Principles 1961
• Achieved international standardisation
• Used as the basis of most cataloguing standards
BUT
• Covered only textual works
• Focused on choice and form of entries
International Cataloguing Principles
17
• All types of materials
• All aspects of bibliographic and authority data
• Built on FRBR Model
• Underlying principles of RDA
International Cataloguing Principles
International Cataloguing Principles 2009
18
International Cataloguing Principles 2009
Principles:• Convenience of users• Common usage• Representation• Accuracy• Sufficiency and necessity• Significance
International Cataloguing Principles
19
Principles (continued):
• Economy
• Consistency and standardisation
• Integration
http://www.ifla.org/publications/statement-of-intern
ational-cataloguing-principles
International Cataloguing Principles
International Cataloguing Principles 2009
20
International Standard Bibliographic Description (1971)
• Aims• Promotion of uniform bibliographic description• Facilitates shared cataloguing
• Determined• Required data elements• Sequence of elements• Prescribed punctuation
• Multiple ISBDs for different formats• AACR2 framework based on ISBD
ISBD
21
International Standard Bibliographic Description (2007)
• Aims unchanged
• Single consolidated ISBD that is format neutral
• Conformed to FRBR data elements
• Influenced RDA development, but do not dictate structure.
http://www.ifla.org/publications/ifla-series-on-bibliographic-co
ntrol-44
ISBD
BUT
22
• Machine Readable Code for catalogue data
• Based on layout of card catalogue
• Still the most widely used encoding standard in library systems.
• Developed beyond boundaries of AACR2
MARC
23
Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative
MARC
Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control (2008)
US RDA Test (2010)
MARC Standard insufficient for current and future needs
Bibliographic Framework Transition InitiativeProgress to date:• Consultation with Libraries, MARC users, MARBI and
other standards groups• Defined requirements for the new bibliographic
framework.• Contracted Zepheira to develop model(s) for
discussion within communityhttp://www.loc.gov/marc/transition/
24
MARC
World wide web of information
Metadata
standards
RDF
Semantic
web
Linked
Data
26
Developed and maintained by cultural and computer science sectors
Metadata standards
Developed for the National Science Digital Library (NSDL), now open to all metadata communities.
Registry for Application profiles
Defined a set of core metadata elements.
RDA on OMRhttp://metadataregistry.org/schema/list/page/3.html
27
ONIXSet of standards developed by Publishing industry
Metadata standards
• Books
• Serials
• Licensing terms and rights information
http://www.editeur.org/8/ONIX/
Semantic Web
Source: Video still from Intro to the Semantic Web by Manu Sporny http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OGg8A2zfWKg
Linked Data
1. Use URIs as names for things 2. Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those
names. 3. When someone looks up a URI, provide useful
information, using the standards (RDF*, SPARQL) 4. Include links to other URIs. so that they can discover
more things. http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html
RDF
• Resource Description Framework (RDF)• Model for labelling and linking information
using URIs
http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-primer-20040210/#statements
RDA Today
2010 – Published June 2010– Free public trial of Toolkit– Subscriptions available– US National Testing, 2nd half 2010
2011 Full Report: Report and Recommendations of the U.S. RDA Test Coordinating Committee – Recommended implementation not before 2013,
pending• Rewording of text• Changes to the content of RDA• Significant progress towards replacing MARC
– US National Libraries accepted recommendations– LC, Canada, Britain and Australia agreed to a joint
implementation.
RDA Today
Where are we at now?• LC has announced a firm implementation date
of March 1, 2013.• National Library of Australia - rolling
implementation beginning January 2013• Training documentation being developed• Rewording of RDA text nearing completion• Progress towards replacement of MARC
continues.
RDA Today
At the National Library of Australia
• Develop and provide training
• Policies
• System changes
• Update documentation
RDA Today
SourcesInternational Federation of Library Associations
www.ifla.orgJoint Steering Committee for the Development of RDA
www.rda-jsc.orgDublin Core Metadata Initiative
http://dublincore.org/Editeur
http://www.editeur.org/
Sources
Oliver, Chris, Introducing RDA : a guide to the basics (London, Facet Publishing, 2010)
Argus, Catherine, Functional Requirements for Bibliographic records (FRBR), Functional requirements for Authority Data (FRAD). [Powerpoint presentation, 2010]
Kiorgaard, Deirdre, RDA : Resource description and access, [RDA information session for QUT students, August 31, 2010]
Sources
ACOC Websitehttp://www.nla.gov.au/lis/stndrds/grps/acoc/rda.html
AcronymsRDA Resource Description and AccessJSC Joint Steering Committee for the Development of RDACOP Committee of Principals (JSC’s governing body)IFLA International Federation of Library AssociationsICP International Cataloguing Principles (2009)ISBD International Standard Bibliographic DescriptionFRBR Functional Requirements for Bibliographic RecordsFRAD Functional Requirements for Authority DataDCMI Dublin Core Metadata InitiativeBFTI Bibliographic Framework Transition InitiativeRDF Resource Description Framework
QUESTIONS?