Siemens may Set a Precedent for Strengthening Sanctions against Russia

pð. 2-3

OPINION

Film Director Akhtem Seitablayev, “Culture is a Bloodless Weapon against Occupation”

ñòîð. 12-13

TALK

Ukraine’s Draft Bills to Protect the Rights of its Indigenous Peoples

pð. 14

LAWMAKING

CHILDREN IN CRIMEA ARE BEING MADE READY FOR WAR:

Soviet Military System of Upbringing and Education is Back in the Occupied Peninsula

#2 2017

pð. 6-7

FROM CRADLE TO WEAPON

Ambassador of Turkey to Ukraine Yonet Can Tezel, “The Black Sea should Remain an Area of Co-operation, Not Rivalry”

pð. 4-5

GUEST OF THE ISSUE

Crimea Inform Magazine, No.2 (2). July 2017

Certificate of State Registration КВ №22665-12565 Р of 04.05.2017

Founder: Ukrinform Ukrainian National News Agency.

Publisher: Mega-Press Group Ltd. Address: 2d Les Kurbas Street, 03148 Kyiv, Tel.: (044) 455-46-23.

Editor-in-Chief: Y. Kazdobina Address of the editorial office: 8/16 B. Khmelnytskyi Street, 01001 Kyiv, Tel: (044) 279-81-52;

Fax: (044) 279-86-65, 234-83-66, e-mail: office@ukrinform.ua.

Reproduction is only permitted with prior written permission of the Editorial Board.

The cover photo is provided by Ukrinform

Printed at: Private Enterprise Granmna Firm, 94A Povitroflotskyi Ave., 03151.

Order No. 206/3. Signed in print: 31. 07.2017. Circulation: 2500 copies.

Distributed free of charge. 2

IN THE SPOTLIGHT

#2 2017

Valuable Museum Exhibits Exported

from Crimea to the Russian Federation450 archaeological artifacts belonging to the Ukrainian cultural heritage were illegally withdrawn from the Kerch Historical and Cultural Preserve and transported to Mos-cow. They are to be exhibited at the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts at the exhibi-tion “Panticapaeum and Phanagoria. Two Capitals of the Bosporus Kingdom”.The Ministry of Culture of Ukraine stresses that this is a cynical violation of multi-ple international acts. In particular, such actions of the Russian Federation violate the Convention Respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land, the Conven-tion for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, the Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage and the UN Security Coun-cil Resolution 2347.

OSCE PA Recognized Russia as Occupier

of the Peninsula

The OSCE Parliamentary Assembly adopted a resolution that named the Russian Federation «the state that occupies Crimea». The Resolution titled Enhancing Mu-tual Trust and Co-Operation for Peace and Prosperity in the OSCE Region, in par-ticular, explicitly states that Russia must ensure unobstructed safe passage across the peninsula to OSCE special monitoring missions . In addition, the document calls on the Russian Federation to revoke the decision on the illegal annexation of the Au-tonomous Republic of Crimea and to stop the hybrid aggression in the Donbas area.The Russian delegation spoke out against the adopted wording, but it was confidently opposed by the spokesman — the Swedish deputy Margaret Sederfelt and the repre-sentatives of Ukraine. As a result, the Resolution, which will be included in the final Minsk Declaration, was approved without amendments demanded by Russian side.

It is important to support peace in Ukraine, to stop Russian aggression and to implement Minsk Agreements.

Margareta SEDERFELD

Turkey has

Handed the

PABSEC

Chairmanship over

to UkraineFor the next few months, Ukraine has taken over the Chairmanship of the Parliamen-tary Assembly of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation. Respective powers were handed over to Andriy Parubiy, the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, by Ismail Kahraman, the Chairman of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey.“I wish that the PABSEC Chairmanship helps Ukraine to strengthen peace and prosperity in the Black Sea region for the benefit of the whole world,” Ismail Kahra-man said during the official ceremony. He also noted that Turkey will continue to support Ukraine’s territorial integrity and sovereignty and will not let the issue of Crimea to be hushed in the international arena.

NEWS

Over the last few weeks, the German concern Siemens has been in the news spotlight due to the scandal over the gas turbine installations delivered to the Crimean Peninsula, probably bypassing the sanctions. The turbines were intended for construction of a new thermal power plant in Crimea. However, the company claims that it did not give its consent to use its products in the occupied territory, and the Russian partners of Siemens, who grossly violated the terms of the agreement, shall bear responsibility.

Crimean DetectiveReuters Agency journalists were the first to report about the appearance of at least two «sanctioned» gas turbines in the oc-cupied territory. According to their infor-mation, the equipment was produced by the Siemens Gas Turbines Technologies joint venture (65% of shares owned by Siemens, 35% by the Russian company Silovye Mashiny) for Tekhnopromexport, a subsidiary of the Russian state concern Rostekh. Later it became known that the contractor for installation of equipment in Crimea was the company Interautoma-tika (Russian Federation), whose 45.7% of shares belong to Siemens.When the news was widely publicized, the German concern published an official statement, saying that it had not given any permission to use its products in the an-nexed Crimea. According to the contract, the turbines were intended for a power plant on the Taman Peninsula (Krasn-odar Region of the Russian Federation). In addition, according to the speakers of Siemens, their customers confirmed sev-eral times that the destination would not change. Therefore, the appearance of tur-bines in Crimea, according to the repre-sentatives of the concern, was just as much a surprise for them as for journalists.“Such actions are a direct violation of con-tracts for Siemens products supply, which clearly prohibit our client to supply equip-ment to Crimea. The enterprise intends to return the turbines to Taman, where they were initially sent. Siemens strenuously insists on full compliance with all restric-tions on export controls in respect of it-self, as well as its partners and customers,” the statement said.

LawsuitsToday, Siemens has filed legal claims to Moscow Arbitration Court against three companies at once: JSC Technopromex-port, LLC Technopromexport and LLC Siemens Gas Turbines Technologies.

3 #2 2017

27,95 mln EURO is the cost of one turbine

mln EURO is the total cost of the contract (according to Forbes)

111,8

Photo from Siemens website

Siemens demands either to invalidate the agreement for the supply of four gas turbines to Tekhnopromexport or to obtain reimbursement of the full cost of the equipment. The concern also asks the court to arrest the turbines and prohibit their actual owner from installing them.Moreover, the company has set up a spe-cial working group to monitor the situa-tion and study additional circumstances, in particular Rostekh’s statement that the equipment was actually purchased in secondary market and underwent techni-cal modernization in Russia.

Reason to Give It Some

Thought

According to experts, the case of turbines uncovered significant shortcomings in the current sanctions system. It turns out that they can really be bypassed — in-voluntarily or consciously. So, sanctions norms need to be revised.Thus, according to Mykhaylo Gonchar, president of the Center for Global Stud-ies Strategy XXI, a whole range of ur-gent measures should be applied in order to prevent a chain reaction of economic limitations.

«First, it is necessary to see this particu-lar situation in detail, to find out how it could have happened in order to prevent such cases.Secondly, the question of monitoring compliance with the sanctions regime

should be raised both at the national level and the EU level. It is already clear that the current system of economic restric-tions does not prevent such violations, but only partially hampers them. Instead, it is necessary to create a really efficient,

effective mechanism of reverse reaction – punishment for violation of sanctions. E.g. at the government level it is advisa-ble to initiate a certain interdepartmental group that would monitor the implemen-tation of sanctions by international com-panies. In case of revealing illegal actions, the government should react instantly, in particular, bring information to the attention of its European partners, de-mand control, etc. In general, the option of strengthening the sanctions regime should be considered, as, for example, the US Senate has done for the energy sec-tor.»A similar opinion was expressed by Joerg Forbrig, the senior programs director of the German Marshall Fund of the United States.“It bears evidence of the weakness of the EU sanctions, which can be bypassed so easily. We still do not have experience in the event of violation of sanctions and the possibility to counteract from a legal point of view,” Joreg Forbrig told Radio Liberty.Anyway, according to experts, this issue requires immediate attention at the inter-national level, as this affects the degree of effectiveness of sanctions against Russia as an aggressor country.

The German Government is closely monitoring developments around the supply of turbines. Today, possible consequences of such completely unacceptable actions are being discussed, but first of all it is necessary to find out all the details of what happened. This is primarily the task of the company itself — to check whether its business practice and corporate actions fall under sanctions regime.

Steffan SEITBERT

Official representative of the German Government

SIEMENS AS A PRECEDENTThe case of turbines, which illegally ended up in the annexed Crimea, should result in a search for more effective sanctions monitoring mechanisms – experts believe.

4

GUEST OF THE ISSUE

#2 2017

–Numerous experts con-sider the occupation of Crimea by the Russian Federation and the

militarization of the peninsula a serious threat to regional and global security. What is Turkey’s opinion? What meas-ures does your country take to ensure security in the region? – Turkey owns 61% of the Black Sea coast. Therefore, how can we not care about the military situation? As the main ally of NATO in the Black Sea and the key play-er in this area, we closely monitor what is going on. The sea itself, unlike the lands

that surround it, with few exceptions, has not become a zone of collisions. The Black Sea straits regime — the Montreux Con-vention — helps to maintain balance. Our main position is to keep it from being a military operations area. Turkey’s foreign policy in the field of military defense has always been based on reliable protection, the need to be vigilant and strong when necessary in case of threat. These princi-ples will remain unchanged, as well as the fact of our presence in the Black Sea. We are sure that the Black Sea should remain a territory of co-operation, not rivalry, and we hope that Russia will share our views.

The occupation of Crimea could not but affect the interests of Turkey, which is a key player in the Black Sea region and the place of residence of the largest Crimean Tatar diaspora. The government supported the territorial integrity of Ukraine, but never joined the Western sanctions against the Russian Federation. The Ambassador of Turkey to Ukraine Yönet Can Tezel shared thoughts on how the Turkish part sees overcoming the crisis and whether its sanctions rhetoric will change.

Ambassador of Turkey to Ukraine Yоnet Can Tezel,

“THE BLACK SEA SHOULD REMAIN AN AREA OF CO-OPERATION, NOT RIVALRY”

And since Turkey can speak as a mem-ber of NATO that knows situation from inside, we are aware that NATO is not some aggressive organization that creates problems in the world. And this is what we`ve been trying to explain to our Rus-sian partners. Given the historical experi-ence, we know that we cannot be soft on security. Therefore, we will be tough, but at the same time wise and always open to dialogue.– Turkey expressed its support for the territorial integrity of Ukraine imme-diately after the occupation of Crimea by Russia. However, it did not join the Western sanctions against the Russian Federation. What is the reason for such a policy?– Several factors play a role here. First, Turkey`s location — we are surrounded by neighbors who are always under some kind of sanctions. And we are expected to

5 #2 2017 Photo by Ukrinform

join them. But this is unfair. We would join, if these were mandatory UN sanc-tions.Secondly, we are not happy with the fact that certain countries make their own decisions in Brussels or somewhere else without consulting us, and then expect us to automatically apply these sanctions. Thirdly, sanctions do not work in all cas-es. For example, trade with Russia is not strategic for us — we do not sell weapons to Russia. We export there tomatoes and buy gas from there. In our case, imposing sanctions would not produce the expect-ed effect, so we decided not to apply them yet. Nevertheless, the volume of trade with Russia has considerably decreased. This occurred long before the airplane incident and after that the situation has only worsened.– Does the decision to ban Turkish ves-sels from visiting Crimea signify a policy change on this issue?– Not really, as this is not a new ban, we have already stated this before. We im-mediately (after the annexation — Ed.) stopped flights of our national carrier Turkish Airlines to Simferopol for politi-cal and legal reasons, despite the fact that this meant bond breaking with our broth-ers and sisters — Crimean Tatars — and the rest of the Ukrainians in Crimea. In general, restrictions have been there ini-tially, but, apparently, in the gray atmos-phere, in the fog of the big Black Sea, some companies found ways to bypass them. But do not confuse it with the offi-cial position of the state. We have always tried to close these loopholes.– So, this is just an introduction of a more effective law enforcement mech-anism?– Yes. This is what I want to say. It is im-possible to check every vessel every time. Although, certainly, recently there have been additional warnings and procedures.– In your opinion, what could an inter-national mechanism for freeing Crimea from the Russian occupation look like?– This is a ten million dollar question. I wish we had an answer to it. Whatever this mechanism is, it should be based on dialogue. And most importantly, it should be based on the norms of international law. Full stop. This is why a convincing legal basis, strategic planning and wis-dom are of such significant importance. It is important to be ready and at the same time to have realistic expectations. I know that Ukraine had a traumatic expe-rience and it may take some time. But it

doesn`t make sense to take the warpath. One should be armed only with patience and insistence.– What can force Russia at least to start discussion of this issue?– It`s hard to say. The international com-munity should remain united on this is-sue. Perhaps, Russia will finally realize that making the right decision benefits it.– The largest Crimean Tatar diaspora resides in Turkey. What is its impact on Turkey’s policy towards Russia and Crimea?– More people of Crimean Tatar origin live in Turkey than now in Crimea. Sev-eral million. We consider this to be a kind of bridge of friendship between Ukraine and Turkey. Certainly, such a historical connection raises additional social inter-est and sympathy for Crimea. If I looked deep into my biography, I probably would find several Crimean Tatars in my family tree. Of course, Crimean Tatars in Tur-key pay special attention to what hap-pens to their brothers. And every time Mr. Dzhemilev and Mr. Chubarov visit Turkey, the diaspora community warmly welcomes them. Crimean Tatars are not some underground terrorists; they defend their rights by peaceful methods. They are open and democratic people under any conditions. Crimea is their historical homeland, where they should live in free-dom. This is why we support them in this difficult time. We try to help their leaders who are not allowed to travel to Crimea. At the request of Ukraine, we provide administrative support, infrastructure and logistics assistance. And also we keep Crimean Tatar issue on the international agenda.Ukraine had some doubts as to whether Turkey’s policy towards it would change. Such questions make me very upset. We have demonstrated more than enough. There was a big seven-month crisis in relations between Russia and Turkey,

and now that we are leaving it behind we return to the situation when at least we can communicate. At the same time, a certain normalization of Russian-Turkish relations does not mean that the Turk-ish-Ukrainian ties which have rational grounds will deteriorate. It would be foolish not to cooperate, not to help each other. We are so close, we are neighbors. Our economies complement each other. There are relative advantages and a lot of win-win scenarios. In fact, we cannot say that our relations with Moscow, on the one hand, and Kyiv, on the other hand, are in no way connected. But they do not depend on each other. Relations between Turkey and Russia do not determine our relations with Ukraine. Moreover, prin-ciples and international law are of big importance for us. And that is why we support Ukraine. And Turkey has been holding this position since the first days of the crisis.– How does Turkey protect the rights of the Crimean Tatar people?– We discuss the problem of Crimean Tatars with Russia, we have open talks with Russia on this issue. We also raise this issue at international meetings. This is one of the advantages of our foreign policy.We call a cat a cat. Our contacts with Crimea have slowed down for obvious reasons, and I’m not sure whether this is good. But Crimean Tatar community is active. We are in touch with them here in Ukraine. In turn, their delegations often visit Turkey. Every time Turkish officials visit Ukraine, they meet with representa-tives of this community. Crimean Tatar leaders have difficult times, but they act in peaceful manner and their work is sig-nificant. As an injured party, they have a moral superiority, so we help them. Be sure that we will continue to support Crimean Tatar people, because this is the right thing to do.

Every time Mr. Dzhemilev and

Mr. Chubarov visit Turkey, the diaspora

community warmly welcomes

them. Crimean Tatars are not some

underground terrorists; they defend

their rights by peaceful methods. They

are open and democratic people under

any conditions. Crimea is their historical

homeland, where they should live in

freedom. This is why we support them

in this difficult time. We try to help their

leaders who are not allowed to travel to

Crimea.

6#2 2017

BEHIND THE IRON CURTAIN

FROM CRADLE TO WEAPONSoviet Military System of Upbringing and Education is Back in the Occupied Peninsula

Part 1 of Article 29 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child notes that the child should be raised in a free society, in an atmosphere of understanding, peace, tolerance, friendship between peoples, ethnic, national and religious groups. The occupation authorities of the annexed peninsula deliberately violate the requirements of the Convention, cultivating war as a norm of life for youth and imposing the image of an external enemy.

Militarization of Children’s

Consciousness Brainwashing small and young Crimeans is a stra-tegic goal of the Russian Federation and significant resources are allocated for this purpose. According to the Crimean Human Rights Group, from the be-ginning of the occupation in Crimea, the Russian Federation’s strategy for education and upbringing of children was introduced, including, among other things, “the formation of readiness to defend inter-ests of the Fatherland, responsibility for the future of Russia on the basis of development of patriotic education programs for children, including military and patriotic education”.What is said in the strategy is nothing but the total militarization of society.«Children are taught how to use firearms, wear military uniforms, they are taught the principles

7 #2 2017 Photo by Ukrinform

of hand-to-hand fighting. Therefore, the opinion that violence is an absolutely normal thing is being shaped. It is easier to reshape children’s mindset, therefore in 5-7 years of such aggressive militariza-tion young Crimeans will sincerely believe in all the messages of the Russian propaganda,» - the coordi-nator of the Crimean Human Rights Group Olga Skrypnyk explains.Besides, according to her, this way Russia legalizes the occupation of Crimea and the actions of para-military units in the minds of children.«Residents of the peninsula are taught from child-hood to identify themselves as citizens of Russia. The occupation authorities prepare them to protect the interests of Russia, and form only negative at-titude to Ukraine,» - an expert of the Crimean Hu-man Rights Group, journalist Iryna Sedova says.

Drafting to Military Service

beyond the Law

After the school drilling, a compulsory draft to mili-tary service awaits Crimean youngsters. The Rus-sian military conscription in Crimea in the spring of 2017 was the fifth one during the occupation. The difference from the previous ones is that this is the first time when some of the Crimean conscripts were sent to Russia; previously they were all left to serve in the peninsula.Mobilization of Crimeans is a direct violation of in-ternational law, because Article 51 of the Geneva Convention of August 12, 1949 on Protection of Civilians Persons in the Time of War prohibits any propaganda of voluntary enlistment into the army in the occupied territories. It is also illegal to force civilians to serve in armed forces of the occupier state. Transfer of mobilized citizens of Ukraine from

Crimea to Russia for military service violates the provisions of Article 49 of the Geneva Convention and the Rome Statute. In addition, on November 16, 2016, the Third Committee of the UN General Assembly supported by the majority of votes the Ukrainian draft resolution titled “Situation of Hu-man Rights in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol (Ukraine)”, which, inter alia, notes the prohibition of drafting the residents of Crimea to the armed forces of the Russian Fed-eration.

Youngsters Leave Crimea Despite active Russian propaganda, Crimean young boys and girls perfectly understand the hopeless-ness of life in the occupied peninsula.Results of a poll held in Sevastopol by one of the Crimean Internet publications confirm this fact. It has turned out that more than half of the high school and college students polled intend to leave the city forever. Young Sevastopol residents ex-plain their desire to leave Crimea, «I do not want my children to sweep the streets — I want to give them education, but we have problems with it» (neither Ukraine, nor most of the countries of the world recognize the diplomas of Crimean «univer-sities»); «The quality of our health care is low»; «There are no companies where you get paid a sal-ary that meets the level of your knowledge and no opportunity to gain experience».The Crimean «statistics office» recorded a decrease of population of the occupied peninsula aged 15 to 30. According to the available data, over 91 thou-sand people of this age group lived in Crimea before the annexation. According to the recent data, the number of youngsters residing in the peninsula de-creased to 80 thousand people.

3680 Crimean conscripts were sent to serve in military units of the Russian Federation in 2016

This year the

occupied Crimea

high school gradu-

ates can become

students of

Ukrainian universities via a

simplified procedure. Now

they do not have to have

documents issued by

Ukrainian, in particular the

certificate of secondary

education and the Ukrain-

ian passport . In order to

participate in the univer-

sity admissions process,

Crimeans should apply

to any of the specially cre-

ated educational centers

titled Crimea-Ukraine, to

choose a university and to

pass exams.

8#2 2017

INTERVIEW

Member of the European Parliament Anna Fotyga, “THE SITUATION IN UKRAINE AND THE ANNEXED CRIMEA UNITED LIKE-MINDED PEOPLE IN THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT”Anna Fotyga is one of those consistent and sincere advocates of Ukraine in the EU, thanks to whom the issue of annexation of Crimea has not been laid on the shelf. In particular, she became one of the initiators of the European Parliament’s resolution calling on Russia to liberate Ukrainians who had been illegally kept in prisons of Crimea and the Russian Federation.

9 #2 2017

Anna Fotyga told in an interview to our publication about the mission of this docu-ment, about whether Russian propaganda influences Europeans` opinion about

Ukraine and what needs to be done to counter in-formation attacks.– What are consequences of the occupation of Crimea in your opinion? Has the threat to Europe increased and what needs to be done? – Occupation of Crimea by Russia has serious con-sequences both for the European and regional, and for the global security. This is not only an illegal annexation, but also a large-scale militarization and exploitation of the area by the Russian Fed-eration in order to restore its influence and control over various territories, first of all over the Middle East. If we look at the steps taken by Russia in a broader sense, they seem quite reasonable from this country`s point of view: there are heavy weapons, including nuclear missiles, up in the north, in Ka-liningrad, and now the same exists in the south, in Crimea.Rumors that the Russians want to turn Crimea into a platform to assist the coalition in its fight against ISIS in Syria are actively spread in the European Parliament. And Russia managed to promote such a vision! This made me worry a lot, because people in the West had been so much focused on ISIS that they could easily accept such a version, thinking, “Well, okay, let’s not focus on the Crimean issue, as our coalition in Syria requires its (Russia`s — Ed.) participation”.I think first you should take a close look at what is going on in Ukraine. The policy of the Russian Federation is exclusively expansionist and is aimed at gaining control over its former area of influence. There is no logical argumentation that would favor the fact that Russia would behave differently in Syr-ia. After Aleppo, after the use of chemical weapons by Assad’s army, this is absolutely obvious. That’s why what happens in Crimea also means the under-mining of international setup. Therefore, in terms of security we cannot allow Russia to gain control over such a large and significant territory.– How do you estimate the influence of Russian propaganda on perception of the occupation of Crimea by European officials and public?– In the West, there is an avalanche of Russian propaganda. Misinformation, half-truth — a mix-ture of everything that can inspire chaos in people`s heads and hearts. In Eastern European countries, it was known about the Russian information impact, or, as it is called now, information war against the West. We made a report for our subcommittee that evaluated Russian propaganda in the period pre-ceding the aggression in Ukraine: the propaganda campaign had been carried out for 12 years! It was logically constructed and thoroughly distributed among different layers of society. After the illegal annexation of Crimea, the level of propaganda is still high. But the situation has been improving in

the sense that Europe started to make comprehen-sive evaluation of all that is happening.What we can do is to raise awareness. It is extreme-ly important for Ukraine to study the technical pos-sibilities of countering all methods of speech. There was a time when the independent Radio Liberty and BBC in Poland became a powerful counterweight to communist sources of information. But then, we used to know that there was only black and white, while now the problem is that there is a whole spec-trum of gray. More projects such as Radio Liberty are needed, and the Ukrainian state should be in-volved as much as possible in this process. We will offer our support via tools, experience, advice and finances. Coordination with your Ministry of Infor-mation Policy seems to be the most effective. We should unite and use argumentation that is under-standable to Western partners. In some cases this is not easy, because the influence of Russia and its media is enormous.Our aim is to keep the Ukrainian issue on the agen-da. That’s why I touch the Crimean Tatars issue. My intuition says that it is extremely important for Western society. The picture is absolutely clear: you have a population that has been persecuted and intimidated for centuries; it is something continu-ous, the models are similar, and this is a sufficient reason not to believe Russia’s goodwill in solving other problems. Just like in business: if there is a problem with a client under some contract, it is better not to deal with him on other issues. It’s so simple. And politics is not a lot more complicated than these real-life things. That is why I am critical of the “selective interaction” concept of the West in relations with Russia.– Tell us a few words about the resolution of the European Parliament on Ukrainian prisoners in Russia and Crimea, which you co-authored. Have there been difficulties with its support by the EP?– We needed certain political actions in order to achieve sufficient support for this resolution. We have a fairly effective group in the parliament. Just as the Russian aggression united Ukrainian peo-ple, the situation in Ukraine and the annexation of Crimea united like-minded people in the European Parliament — those who are concerned about the security of our region.– What steps do you think should be taken to im-plement the resolution?– It is important to update the present monitoring mission and to expand possibilities for sending oth-er (UNDP) missions to support the OSCE mission and, let’s say, ensure peace on the contact line.– What are the prospects for de-occupation of Crimea in the international arena?– For a while, it seemed that some countries accept-ed the status quo. We did not agree with this, and all of our efforts are aimed at activating the process in order to keep this issue on the agenda. But, of course, we need more powerful forces — not only the EU, but also the United States and Canada.

There was a time when the independent Radio Liberty and BBC in Poland became a powerful counterweight to communist sources of information. But then, we used to know that there was only black and white, while now the problem is that there is a whole spectrum of gray. More projects such as Radio Liberty are needed, and the Ukrainian state should be involved as much as possible in this process. We will offer our support via tools, experience, advice and finances.

10#2 2017

HUMAN RIGHTS

STRICT MEASURES ARE EXPECTED FROM THE EU

Humanitarian

Problem Campaign participants passed their appeal to the President of the European Council Donald Tusk, to the President of the Euro-pean Commission Jean-Claude Juncker, to the President of the European Parliament Antonio Tajani and the High Representa-tive of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Federica Mogh-erini. In particular, it calls for an initiation of international negotiations on de-occupa-tion of Crimea that would facilitate release of Kremlin`s prisoners.«It`s been four years since we have started fighting for the liberation of the Ukrain-ian citizens, imprisoned by the Kremlin re-gime on fabricated criminal charges. Their number is constantly growing and current-ly amounts to at least 44 persons. Russia’s repressive anti-extremist and anti-terrorist

legislation provides wide opportunities to combat dissent,» the appeal says.Relatives and close friends of the occupa-tion regime victims insist on constant moni-toring of trials in Russia and Crimea and on keeping up the practice of participation of EU member states diplomats in court ses-sions. They also ask the European Union to impose additional sanctions against Rus-sia because of massive violations of human rights in the annexed Crimea.

Resolution

against Inhumanity

In turn, the EU representatives note that the situation is under the control of inter-national organizations. Thus, in March of this year, the European Parliament adopted a resolution calling on Russia to stop the persecution, torture and intimi-

dation of pro-Ukrainian Crimeans in the occupied peninsula and to release activ-ists who have been illegally detained in Crimean and Russian prisons.“According to human rights organiza-tions, at least 62 Ukrainian citizens were unlawfully persecuted by Russian law en-forcement agencies, 49 of them are resi-dents of Crimea. The number of Ukrain-ian political prisoners in Russia increased during 2016, even though six Ukrainians were released. Until now, 17 Ukrainian citizens have been illegally detained in the Russian Federation, 15 more — in the occupied Crimea,” the resolution says.The document contains a list of 31 names of Ukrainian citizens, among them are: Oleksandr Kolchenko, Oleh Sentsov, Oleksandr Kostenko, Serhiy Lytvynov, Andriy Kolomiets, Ahtem Chyigoz, Ali Asanov, Inver Bekirov, Roman Sush-chenko, Evhen Panov, Arsen Dzepparov, Refat Alimov.Besides, the signatories of the resolution indicate the use of torture, cruel and de-grading treatment of pro-Ukrainian ac-tivists and also note that such cases have not been properly investigated yet. In ad-dition, the European officials reminded about the need for immediate reversal of the April 26, 2016 decision of the de facto Supreme Court of Crimeaprohibiting ac-tivities of the Mejlis — the legitimate and recognized representative body of ethnic Crimean Tatars.

During the Ukraine-EU summit held in Kyiv, relatives of the Crimeans held under arrest and hostages detained in the occupied territories of Donbas ran a campaign to draw the international community’s attention to the flagrant human rights violation in Crimea and Donbas.

Relatives of the Ukrainians, who are illegally held in Crimean and Russian prisons, asked the European Union leaders for assistance

President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko expressed support for the Ukrainian film director Oleh Sentsov imprisoned in Russia

on his birthday on July 13.

The film director Sentsov is still being illegally held in a Russian prison. This underlines our common responsibility for the fate of all of our citizens, whom Russia holds hostage in Donbas, in Crimea and in the Russian Federation.

Photo from www.censor.net.ua

11 #2 2017

Oleksandr KOLCHENKOOleksandr KOLCHENKO

Crimean activist. He was detained in the center of

Simferopol by officers of the Federal Security Service

of the Russian Federation on May 16, 2014. The activist

is accused of committing subversive terrorist acts in

Simferopol, Yalta and Sevastopol, as well as arson at offices of the NGO

Russian community of Crimea and the branch of the United Russia politi-

cal party. The North Caucasus District Military Court sentenced Oleksandr

Kolchenko to ten years in prison. In July 2015, the OSCE Parliamentary

Assembly adopted a resolution demanding to release Kolchenko, but

Russia refused to extradite the Crimean to Ukraine.

Oleh SENTSOVOleh SENTSOV

Ukrainian film director, screenwriter from Crimea. He

was detained on May 11, 2014 on a charge of “organ-

izing a terrorist group and preparing terrorist attacks

in Crimea”. On August 25, 2015, the North Caucasus

District Military Court sentenced the Ukrainian film director to 20 years

of hard labor. In February 2016, Sentsov was convoyed to Yakutia.

Hollywood and Russian actors, numerous human rights organizations

spoke in defense of Sentsov, however Russia refused to extradite him

to Ukraine.

Ilmi UMEROVIlmi UMEROV

Ilmi Umerov, Deputy Chairman of the Mejlis of Crime-

an Tatar People, Chairman of Bakhchysarai Regional

State Administration in 2005-2014, was detained on

May 12, 2016. On May 19, the Federal Security Service

initiated an investigation into alleged extremism on the part of the

Crimean Tatar politician. Umerov was placed in a psychiatric dispensary

for a forensic psychiatric examination, where he spent three weeks. On

June 7, 2017, Simferopol District Court of the annexed Crimea began to

hear the case of Ilmi Umerov; the meetings are held every Wednesday.

Volodymyr BALUKHVolodymyr BALUKH

Ukrainian activist. On November 29, 2016, Volody-

myr Balukh placed a address sign “18 Heroes of

Heavenly Hundred Street” on the wall of his house

and the head of the village council threatened to call

the police. On December 8, 2016, Volodymyr Balukh was detained

and accused of an illicit purchase and storage of ammunition. The

court extended Balukh stay in custody several times, last time until

September 4, 2017.

Akhtem CHYIGOZAkhtem CHYIGOZ

Crimean Tatar politician, Deputy Chairman of the Mejlis

of Crimean Tatar people, member of the Bakhchysarai

Regional Council. Akhtem Chyigoz was arrested on

January 29, 2015 on a charge of organizing mass

riots, which may lead to imprisonment for up to 10 years. The reason for

the arrest was politician’s participation in a protest in support of Ukraine’s

territorial integrity on February 26, 2014. Currently, Chyigoz is being held

at Simferopol Detention Center.

Mykola SEMENAMykola SEMENA

Ukrainian journalist. On April 19, 2016, Russian Federal

Security Service officers searched Mykola Semena’s

home. A criminal investigation into alleged “public

calls to actions aimed at violating the territorial integrity

of Russia” was launched against the journalist. The reason for this was

Semena’s article titled “Blockade is the necessary first step towards libera-

tion of Crimea”.

A total of 41 political prisoners are being illegally kept in Crimean and Russian prisons, 21 of them are Crimean Tatars.

Ervin Ervin IBRAGIMOVIBRAGIMOV

Member of the Executive Committee of the World

Congress of Crimean Tatars, a former member of the

Bakhchysarai City Council, member of the regional

Mejlis. He disappeared in Bakhchysarai on May 24,

2016. The security camera captured the moment of abduction of the

Crimean Tatar activist by persons wearing uniforms of Russian Road

Patrol Service officers. As of today, Ervin Ibragimov has not been found.

Reshat Reshat AMETOVAMETOV

Crimean Tatar activist. On March 3, 2014, he held a

one-man protest in the center of Simferopol against

the occupation of the peninsula. During the protest,

he was taken into an unknown direction by men in

camouflage uniforms. On March 15 of the same year, Reshat Ametov

was found dead in a forest in Bilohiria district. Numerous bruises and

stab wounds were detected on his body. The Investigative Commit-

tee of the Russian Federation brought before courts a criminal case

on murder, but in 2015 it was suspended due to impossibility to find

perpetrators. On May 18, 2017, Ametov was posthumously awarded the

title of Hero of Ukraine.

Seyran ZINEDINOVSeyran ZINEDINOV

Crimean activist. He disappeared on May 30, 2014.

Shortly before his disappearance, Zinedin had been

searching for a pro-Ukrainian activist Timur Shay-

mardanov, who also disappeared under questionable

circumstances. Since the beginning of the occupation of Crimea, both

men assisted the blocked Ukrainian military officers — they brought

them food and cigarettes. Whereabouts of the activists are still unknown.

A TOTAL OF 14 CRIMEAN ACTIVISTS ARE CONSIDERED MISSING (11 OF THEM ARE CRIMEAN TATARS), MORE 10 ARE CONSIDERED DEAD (7 OF THEM ARE CRIMEAN TATARS)

Prisoners of Consciousness

Victims of the Occupation Regime

12#2 2017 Photo by Serhiy Klepach

POINT OF VIEW

–On June 21, screening of the film Anoter’s Prayer finished. Al-most ten thousand

people watched it in Ukrainian cinemas. Are you satisfied with the result? – Of course, every film director (and I’m not an exception) dreams about a wide audience. On the one hand, ten thousand spectators for a country with 40 million people is not enough, given that the film came out on one hundred screens. On the other hand, each of these spectators is spe-cial for me. I will explain why. When we submitted the film to the State Film Com-mittee, we were told, “If a spectator goes to the cinema to watch this film, this ac-tion can be considered a real deed”. It was confirmed when, after a series of pre-pre-miere demonstrations, the first responses of the audience, came out, “From the

The Ukrainian film director of the Crimean Tatar origin Akhtem Seitablayev has recently

presented his new film Another`s Prayer to the public. This is the second film of the film

director dedicated to the dramatic fate of Crimean Tatars. The first one titled Haitarma

was filmed by Seitablayev before the annexation of the peninsula while Another`s Prayer was

shot during the occupation. For the author this is not just a film work, but a personal manifesto

against illegal occupation of his historical homeland.

Akhtem Seitablayev, “Culture is a bloodless weapon

against occupation”

The film Another’s Prayer is inspired by a true story. It tells a heroic story of a 19-year-old Crimean

Tatar girl. Saide Arifova rescued 88 Jewish children twice: first from the Nazis, later from the Soviet

authorities. During the occupation of Bakhchysarai by fascists, Saide passed the children off as

Crimean Tatars and during the deportation of Crimean Tatars she showed their Jewish passports

to NKVD (People`s Commissariat for Internal Affairs) officers.

NB:NB: the film was planned to be shot in Crimea, but after the occupation of the peninsula by Russia, shoo-

ting was moved to Georgia and Israel.

13 #2 2017

ABOUT LANGUAGEABOUT LANGUAGE

We try to communicate in Crimean Tatar

with relatives, so as not to forget our native

language. It`s been several years that I started

speaking Ukrainian. This is my desire, because

to know the language of the state where you

live is not a heroic deed, but an act of basic

respect.

ABOUT DEPORTATIONABOUT DEPORTATION

There is not a single Crimean Tatar family that

deportation would not touch. My mother’s

family was deported to the Urals, to Mariyska

ASSR and my father’s family was deported to

Uzbekistan, to the city of Yangiyul. When I was

in the 5-th grade our history teacher, a war vet-

eran, told us that the liberation of Crimea and

Sevastopol would have been less bloody, had

it not been for the total treachery and collabo-

ration of the Crimean Tatars with the Germans.

At the same time, there were more than twenty

Crimean Tatars, several Volga Germans and

Far Eastern Koreans, whose parents were also

deported. That was such an explosive mixture

of people wounded for various reasons by

the state machine. It was painful to hear such

words from a man who himself went through

the war. Of course, we began to resent. He

kicked us out, but the whole class followed

us. There was a huge scandal, but that

teacher did not teach us any more. Actually,

in Yangiyul we lived friendly. On May 18, not

only Crimean Tatars, but also people of other

nationalities participated in the forbidden rallies

to commemorate the deportees. After all, they

perfectly understood what genocide was. Now

the occupation authorities in Crimea do not

allow people even to hold prayer services.

ABOUT CRIMEAABOUT CRIMEA

The fact that Crimean Tatars would return to

Crimea was unquestionable. And we returned

back in 1989. As a child, I heard stories that

Crimea has unbelievably fertile land, that there

are palm trees, the sea, people in white clothes

everywhere. And imagine the impression of a

16-year-old boy, who flies from the interna-

tional Tashkent airport to some completely

weird small Simferopol airport. There are no

mountains, palm trees or people in white

clothes. None of the parents’ stories about the

promised land was confirmed. A few days later

I went to Bakhchysarai. As I was approaching

the city, I could smell the lavender and see that

the landscape was changing, becoming like

the one that my parents told me about. Since

then, the scent of lavender for me is the smell

of the Motherland.

second minute I began to cry”, “I’m forty years old, I’m a grown man, I fought, but I was weeping”. Today, when the country is in a state of war for the fourth consecu-tive year, when it defends itself against the Russian aggression, it is a real deed to go to the cinema consciously, knowing that it will not be easy for you. I put myself in the position of an ordinary spectator. Where shall I go on Sunday to spend two or three hours with my kid? To watch a cartoon, a movie for children or a fantasy. I will watch a movie that will not make me sad; I will choose light films – meaning that I will not have to perform some kind of mental and soul work while watching a film. And here I came to see the film where they try to kill children, where there are extremely difficult relations between the main char-acters and the happy end will surely not be there. That is, all ten thousand spectators absolutely clearly realized where they were going. Therefore, I am grateful to each of them.– Do you plan to promote the film to a fo-reign market?– To date, negotiations with several inter-national companies that want to purchase our film have been practically completed. We also closely cooperate with several in-ternational film festivals. This is a perfect platform for the promotion of the movie, because at film festivals there are distribu-tors and representatives of cinema net-works.– You shot Another`s Prayer based on a true story of the Second World War, but at the same time the film clearly traces parallels with today’s Crimea.– Indeed, we make understandable paral-lels with the events taking place in today’s Crimea. We say that any dictatorship, any empire searches for ideological confirma-tion of its right to start a war, to occupy other people’s territories, to destroy peo-ple, entire nations simply because in its im-agination it’s a chosen nation. So did the Nazis, so did the Communists, so does Russia today in Crimea and Donbas. Methodologies of Nazism and Communism are basically identical. There were differ-ences in some nuances, e.g. the color of the flag. During the Soviet period, 48 peoples were deported, 42 of them partially, and 6 totally, including Crimean Tatars. Thou-sands of people were killed, destroyed, sto-len and strangled by this system.– After so many years, history repeats it-self in a terrible way ... When in March 2014 the first Russian soldiers appeared in the peninsula, nobody completely bel-

ieved that what was happening was real, let alone that it would take so long. What was your reaction?– In those days, I was in Crimea and eve-rything happened in front of my eyes. I remember the feeling of powerlessness, time seemed to have stopped. You live in Crimea for over twenty years and suddenly one day it turns out that many people who smiled at you yesterday, have been actu-ally tolerating you. And all this time they waited for the moment when they could say, “Hey Tatar, you’ll go and I’ll settle in your home”. This is a very bitter lesson.– In your opinion, what can the Ukraini-an state do to make life of Crimean Tatars under occupation easier?– How can you make it easier for a Crime-an Tatar, whose house is invaded at 4 a.m. by OMON troops or special forces and who is taken out for parts unknown? Not to be silent, to do everything possible to enhance international sanctions, including econom-ic ones. In general, all methods available to the state must be used in order to monitor the situation in Crimea. – What do you think should be done in order to reintegrate Crimean residents into Ukraine after de-occupation? In oth-er words, how to restore our ties?– I think that culture can play an impor-tant role here as a bloodless weapon against occupation. I dream the Crimean House I head will become one of the bridges to build these ties. We have a multinational professional team of people motivated to achieve positive results. Our aim is to turn the Crimean House into a cultural hub, a space that will join efforts of the people who care about Crimea. It`s a place for open discussions, where we invite public opinion leaders, well-known journalists, artists, political scientists and politicians. Doors of the Crimean Home are open to everyone who agrees that Crimea is part of Ukraine, who understands that today we need to find common ground, to talk about uneasy episodes of our present and future relationships.It is needed to let children and young peo-ple discover Ukraine and the world for themselves. It is important to know who lives next to you, not to be afraid of the fact that a person speaks a different language, that he or she has certain differences in culture, traditions and faith. And it is ex-tremely important to understand what unites us. And we are united by the basic human values: peaceful sky, rule of law, de-cent pension, children’s safety, high-qual-ity education and openness to the world.

14

AUGUST 9 INTERNATIONAL DAY OF THE WORLD ’S INDIGENOUS PEOPLES

UNDER STATE PATRONAGEWhat is Needed to Protect Indigenous Peoples in Ukraine

#2 2017

In 2007, the United Nations General Assembly approved an earthshaking document — the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Ukraine joined it only in 2014 after the annexation of Crimea. This is when the issue of protecting the rights of the Karaites, Krymchaks and Crimean Tatars as indigenous peoples was finally raised at the state level. The next step is the creation of an appropriate legislative framework that will allow to detail and implement the protective mechanisms stipulated in the Declaration, as well as to provide the Crimean Tatars with additional international guarantees, which is very important due to persecutions, torture, arrests and abductions organized by the occupation authorities in Crimea.

Constitutional

Changes The very first and, in fact, the main step is changes to the Constitution of Ukraine, namely to its tenth chapter concerning the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.“Due to the events of recent years, the chapter has lost its relevance and its content needs an update,” comments

Arsen Zhumadilov, expert of the work-ing group on constitutional changes related to the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Head of the Mejlis Chairman`s Service. “Therefore, the working group should draft changes that will eventu-ally determine the further legislative initiatives. We hope that this autumn the parliament will be able to consider this project.”

In Geneva,

there is an exhibition

“Crimean Tatars — indig-

enous people of Crimea”,

organized by the Estonian

Institute for Human Rights,

the Ministry of Information

Policy of Ukraine and the

Crimean Tatar Resource

Center with support of the

Ministry of Foreign Affairs of

Estonia. The exposition con-

sists of 12 stands telling the

history of the Crimean Tatar

people from the birth of their

ethnos to the occupation of

the peninsula by the Rus-

sian Federation.

New Laws Then, according to Arsen Zhumadilov, it is necessary to adopt two important laws: “On the Status of the Crimean Tatar Peo-ple” and “On the Indigenous Peoples of Ukraine”.“This status means restoration of rights of the Crimean Tatar people for internal self-determination, development of their own identity, guarantee of their representation in government agencies, etc.,” the expert explains. He stresses, “It is extremely im-portant that these laws enhance Ukraine’s position in the international arena and finally take the issue of whom Crimea belongs to off the table, as, after all, indig-enous peoples seek self-determination pre-cisely within the Ukrainian state.”

15

Photo by Ukrinform

EXHIBITION

#2 2017

TRADITIONS

MAGIC OF HAITARMA

Еthnographers state that in old times Haitarma was a ritual dance, in which the circular movements of a man and a woman symbolized the movement of the sun in the sky, as well as the cyclical nature of life.But one of the Crimean Tatar legends says that creation of Haitarma is owed

to... the dispute of two dancers. According to folk tales, khan of Bakhchysarai was asked to judge two young men, each of whom was considered the best dancer in his city. Khan agreed to do it under the condition that they won`t repeat elements of each other’s dance, as the one who would do it would suffer a defeat. The competition lasted until the exhausted dancers, who did not repeat any move of the opponent, were stopped by the khan himself. The ruler decided that no one lost in this dispute and as a token of reconciliation declared that both were winners. Thanks to khan the dance was called Haitarma.

Haitarma (means “return” in the Crimean Tatar language) is the national dance of the Crimean Tatars. The temperamental, light and cheerful Haitarma is traditionally performed during big holidays, in particular at weddings.

Crimean Tatars and Ukrainians:

DIALOGUE OF TWO CULTURES

There was a time when Soviet historiography persistently im-posed myths about the imme-morial confrontation between

these two peoples on the Ukrainians and Crimean Tatars, thus deliberately culti-

vating mutual hostility. One of the most important missions of the exhibition is to debunk the destructive propaganda and show the facts confirming the unity and interpenetration of culture and art of the Crimean Tatar and Ukrainian

peoples. “We set ourselves the task to show not only the dialogue of two cul-tures, but also the dialogue of our his-tory and modern times, as well as how the psychotype of a modern Ukrainian, his mentality and perception of freedom as the first principle of existence was formed under the conditions of the bor-derland, constant external threats,” says Heorhiy Brailovskyi, the project found-er and coordinator.

A unique inter-museum project “Chumatskiy Shlyah”, which proves that Crimea is an integral part of Ukraine not only in terms of international treaties and law, but also in terms of common history, culture and art, was presented in Kyiv. Chumatskiy Shlyahk is the Ukrainian name for both the Milky Way galaxy and the trade route between Ukraine and Crimea often travelled in the 16th-19th century.

MILITARY SECTOR

Unprecedented rapid development of the military-industrial complex has been recorded in Crimea.

According to the official data,

in the first half of 2016, the index

of industrial production in Crimea

exceeded 120%. This mainly happened

due to military orders to Crimean

enterprises.

According to the agreement

with Ukraine, before the

occupation there were

12.500 military personnel of

the Black Sea Fleet of the

Russian Federation in Crimea.

Currently, the size of the Armed

Forces of the Russian Federation

in the occupied Crimea is

approximately 60 thousand military

personnel with the prospect of

increasing to up to 100 thousand.

EXPORT & IMPORTExport of goods from Crimea decreased 18.97 times, in particular, exports through the ports of Sevastopol decreased 20 times.

2013

EXPORT IMPORT

1,0441,044 BLN US DOLLARS

53,753,7 MLN US DOLLARS

APPROXIMATELY 100100 MLN US DOLLARS20

16

FINANCIAL SYSTEMPrior to the occupation of Crimea there was an extensive network of commercial bank branches in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol. Since the annexation of the peninsula, their number has decreased almost 5 times.

20132013

The number of banking institutions

in Crimea

Early 2017Early 2017

Number of active Russian Federation

banks left in the peninsula

69

14

TOURISM SECTORBy 2014, the Crimean tourism industry generated up to 25% of revenues of the consolidated budget of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Yalta, Alushta, Yevpatoria formed over 20% of revenues of the consolidated budget of the autonomy.

ELECTRIC ENERGYDue to the overall militarization of Crimea and rapid development of military-industrial complex, there is a significant increase in the use of electricity.

904904,99 MLN US DOLLARS

20

13

2016 —consumption of electric energy increased by

32% and came up to 7153,67153,6 kW/year

2016

5 900 000TOURISTS

2 500 000TOURISTS

FUEL INDUSTRYSince the occupation of Crimea, the Russian Federation has illegally pumped out billions of cubic meters of gas from Ukrainian deposits on the Black Sea shelf. Most of all — from the Odessa deposit:

2014 11171117 MLN М3

2015

2016

980980 MLN М3

880880 MLN М3

PURCHASING POWERThe purchasing power of a monetary unit during the occupation period as compared with the pre-occupation period decreased approximately 8 times. In 2016 as compared with 2014, prices for basic food products increased by an average of 168.13%.

1,68 times in Russian rubles

2,16 times in Hryvnias considering

the exchange rate difference

SMALL & MEDIUM ENTERPRISESThe number of enterprises — legal entities decreased 2.5 times, individual entrepreneurs —3.4 times. Small business in Crimea faced increasing reporting requirements, severe audits and fines.

PRIVATE PRIVATE ENTERPRISESENTERPRISES(legal entities)

INDIVIDUAL INDIVIDUAL ENTREPRENEURSENTREPRENEURS(natural persons)

Early Early 20142014 54 000 135 000

March March 20162016 22 000 39 800

POPULATIONWithin 9 months of 2014, the population of the occupied Crimea decreased by 77.800 persons. At the same time, the peninsula is actively populated by residents of various regions of the Russian Federation, including military officers.

JANUARY 2014JANUARY 2014

(excluding Sevastopol)

OCTOBER 2014OCTOBER 2014(occupation authorities

data)

PersonsPersons 1 967 200 1 889 400

OCCUPATION IN FIGURESThe main economic activity indicators of the Crimean peninsula during several years of annexation

have significantly decreased, while the pace of the military sector development has increased.

According to the annual report titled Occupied Crimea under Sanctions and Blockade in 2014-2016 of Maidan of Foreign Affairs Fund.