& & From NaSustainab ion, R&D

*:,, l$-l2December 2010

&

Practice Ei.'Medicine

EDITORSMohd. ZainiAsmawiAb Fatah Ab RahmanNizam MordiFarha Naomi Omar FaroukRoziahanim MahmudSaringat Hj Baie

Chan Kit LamNur Hafzan Md HanafiahTengku Nor Maheran Tengku Ab. KadirRosman AhmadSurash Ramanathan

Copyright o 2010School of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Universiti Sains Malaysia, 1 1800 USM Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproducedwithout the prior written permission of the Publisher

ls B N 978-983-44596-5-9

School of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversiti Sains Malaysia1 1800 USM Pulau PinangMalaysia

Layout Design by Rosman AhmadPrinted by Lee & Sons Enterprise

rn any form or by any means,

I

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Message from Deputy Vice Chancellor, Research and 1nnovation................ ............................6

Plenary Speakers

lnvited speakers

A3-262 NovelSynthesis of Goniothalamin and its Derivatives/Analogues and their Bioactivity.............. ..............49A4-299 Effects of a Proprietary Freeze-dried Water Extract of Eurycoma longifolia on Sexual performance and

Well-being in Men with Mild Erectile Dysfunction ...,.....4g

82-263 Chromatographic profiling of crude extract from the roots of Costus ma\ortieanus.................................,...5582-279 Effect of process parameter on the properties of spray-dried semi-refined carrageenan powder..........55

83-254 Metabolomic fingerprinting of some Pegaga varieties grown in Malaysia using 1H Nuclear MagneticResonance.. ......56

Assalammu'alaikum and Greetings of Peace,

n behalf of Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), I would like to welcome all delegates to

the International Conference On Natural Products 2010 (ICNP 2010) & the Asia Pacific

Pharmacy Education Workshop (APPEW). Allow me to take this opportunity in wishing

Selamat Datang especially to all foreign delegates to this conference held on the island destina-

tion of Penang, a UNESCO world heritage site.

This conf'erence is a collaborative etTorl by the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, USM, Ma-

laysian Natural Products Society (MNPS), Management & Science University (MSU), Malay-

sian Society of Pharmaceutical Technology, Malaysian Phatmaceutical Society and United Na-

tions University - International Institute for Global Health (LrNU-IIGH). This inaugural event

brings together expefts from all over the world geared towards trans-disciplinary participation

covering areas conceming natural products as sustainable resources through education, research

& development and pharmacy practice. This conference hopes to provide an opporlunity to ex-

pose delegates to current trends in research and advancements made in the related areas through

unique sustainable approaches involving natural product resources.

For this pu{pose, USM being one of the pioneering United Nations University Regional Centres

(RCEs) on Education for Sustainable Development since 2005 is now initiating a concept ofSustainable Health with other RCEs globally.

USM's focus of new, exciting niche areas for knowledge enabled through sustainability-driveneducation, health an, research is supporlive of the them of this conference. Itnot only serves as

a platform in facilitating networking and collaboration among delegates which allows local and

international experts to share their research findings and experiences, but hopefully with also de-

velop strategic alliances with industry and regulatory bodies to spin-off commercial production

of globally accepted natural medicines of guaranteed potency.

In this regard, we must be mindful of the Millennium Development Goals that will come to aconclusion by 2015. and that the achievements to date is still far from satisfactory! This means

that conferences like this must double its efTort in the most optimally way as suggested by the

MDG #8.

To all our delegates, I would like to wish you a successful and enriching conference.

Thank you.

Dzulkifli Abdul Razak, Prof. Tan Sri Dato'Vice-Chancellor, Universiti Sains Malaysia

Universiti Sains Malaysia

ffam'Vl*p.ffihfi r

from Deputy Vice ChancellorResearch & lnnovation, Universiti Sains Malavsia

ongratulations to the organizing committee and to all involved for their hard work anddedication in making this conference a success.

In the spirit of global competitiveness, this conference is an excellent platform forpresenting research and innovative (R & I) ideas, on how to utilise natural products and to bridgeacademia, practice and industry with an emphasis on sustainability-

The conference will run concurrent transdisciplinary workshops related to natural products,which include ethno pharmacology, sourcing for raw materials and information database,photochemistry quality control or standardisation and good manufacturing practices, as well aspreclinical biological activities and toxicological studies, formulations, pharmacokinetics andclinical studies as well as cofllmercialisation and marketing strategies. Ultimately, this conveningof global experts will bring about innovative strategies to move forward towards a sustainableeducation, research & development (R&D) and practice of natural products in line with theaspirations of UNESCO in achieving the global visions of sustainable development.

It is with great pleasure and honour, we welcome you to Penang and I wish you a productiveconference.

With best wishes,Asma Ismail, Prof. (Dr.)Deputy Vice-ChancellorResearch and InnovationsUniversiti Sains Malavsia

I

:i .

n behalf of the Malaysian Natural Products Society, I would like to welcome all partici-pants to our 26n Annual Seminar. I would also like to record the Society's appreciationand a very big thank you to the School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains

Malaysia (USM) for their willingness to cohost this meaningful event, which is part of a prestig-ious International Conference on Natural Products 2010 (ICNP 2010). The theme, From NaturalProducts to Medicine through Sustainable education, R&D and Practice Leads from Nature, re-flects the current trends on the issues and is in very much in line with one of the Society's objec-tives. In addition, I would like to congratulate the organizing committee for their commitmentin making this event a success.

The seminar this year is a meaningful one for the Society and USM since it has been quite sometime when USM hosted our annual meeting (Nov. 1999). The ICNP 2010 has attracted much at-tentio! with programmes filled with presentations by plenary and invited speakers both local andinternational. We have a number of invited speakers who are familiar with the status of naturalproducts research in Malaysia, with a special note of appreciation to Prof. Dr. Kurt Hostettmannfrom Switzerland who will be delivering the 10th Jack Cannon Lecture. I believe that this eventwill be very beneficial and will substantially contribute to the enhancement of knowledge amonglocal and iriternational scientists, young and experienced. The sharing of knowledge among sci-entists from different regions of the world is seen as a positive step as this can be developed intolifelong relationships and commitment towards the advancement of science and technology.

Malaysia, being one of the countries in the world with a rich diversity i, floru and fauna, togetherwith the presence of numerous indigenous groups whose traditional medicinal knowledge con-tributes a massive impact on the progress of natural products research in the country It is verytimely that their knowledge be converted to beneficial use with the appropriate innovation andscientific backing. i

t

I sincerely hope that this seminar willbe utilized fully to everyone's advantage.

On behalf of the Society, I would like to welcome everyone to the seminar and hope that thisyear's event is very informative and unforgettable to every participant. Have a successful andfruitful discussion.

Professor Dato'Dr.Ikram M. SaidPresidentMalaysian Natural Products Society

?A.from Organizing ChairmanJ

atural products have been used for many centuries to cure varieties of conditions. Herbaland other natural remedies have traditionaily been used to treat both adults and chil-I \ dren. Herbal remedies may offer a milder altemative to some conventional medicines.

although the Suitability of a herbal remedy needs to be considered rvith respecr to quality; safetyand efficacy. Herbal lemedies should be used with caution in children and rnedical advice shouldbe sought if in doubt. Based on such situation, it is timely to gather ali practitioners, researchers,Scientists, Educators and students to share and present the new findings. Intematronai Confer-ence of Natural Product is an important event to formularies any resolution based on tlie latestevidence based therapy, research findirigs and education aspects. I would like to welcome all theparlicipants fi'om all over the u,'orld to be in this parl of'the rvorld where natural products arehighly consumed and research is extensively being conducted. The focus on variety of issues inthis confbrence may create interest among the community regarding the safety aspect of naturalproducts. Analytical aspects and education programs should be strengthen in order to achieveevidence based therapy to improve quality of life. School of Phamraceuticai Sciences UniversitiSains Malaysia seriously iooking at this matter and having thrs conference will deveiop nervfindings and collaboratlon amoltg countries around the u.orld. With outstanding keynotes andplenary speakers fi'om varieties fields of natural products u'il1 definitely be benefited by many ofus in the area of natural products. It rs important to note that. sustainabiliq, shogld be attaining inorder to create better environment fbl the next generation in health care. P1oper cultivation of theherbs and wisely used other natural products u,iil ensure that the quality of liie baseci on evidencefor the therapy using naturai product should be practiced.

I r'vould like to congratulate all the organizing committee for such a superb effort to come up withthis successful conference. With this collaborating an<l teamwork, such a big conference rvill notbe here today.

Once again to all delegates frorn l,arious part of the world, i would like to rvish Selamat Datangand welcome to this beautiful Island of Penang. Enjoy vour conference and buiid the linkagesamong you as to create better coilaborating effbrt in varieties of issues related to natural product.

Associate Professor Syed Azhar Syed SulaimanDeanSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversiti Sains Malaysia

Committee MembersPatron:

Advisor:

Chairman:

Co-chairman:

Secretary:

Y Bhg. Professor Tan Sri Dato' DzulkifliAbd Razak

Y Brs. Professor Asma lsmail

Associate Professor Dr. Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman

Y. Brs. Professor Chan Kit Lam

Y. Brs. Professor Zhari lsmail

Tn. Hj. Abd. Hadi Ahmad

Puan Hajar Zituakmar Mohd Fauzt

SecretariatAssociate Professor Dr. Mohd. Baidi Bahari

Dr. Vikneswaran a/l MurugalYah

Professor lvlunavvar Zubaid Abdul Sattar

Associate Professor Dr. Abas Hj. Hussin

Dr. Toh Seok Ming

Dr. Hassaan Anwer Rathore

Dr. Viknasingam Balasingam

Dr. Hasnah 0sman

Mrs" Fatimatuzzahra' Abdul Aziz

Ms. Nur Hafzan Md Hanafiah

Ms. Ang Lee Fung

Mr. Gabriel Loh

[,4r. Hassan Pyar

Mr. Jatk [han

Mr. Liew KaiBin

Mr. Mohd. Shahrizan Khalid

Mr. Yam Mun Fai

BurrsarAssociate Professor Dr. Yusrida Darwis

Mrs. Chan Lew Yong

TechnicalDr. Aidiahmad Dewa

Associate Professor Dr. Amirin Sadikun

Professor Sharif Mahsufi Mansor

Dr. Mahmoud Sa'di Mohammad Al-Haddad

Dr. Shahriza Shahrudin

Mr. Samer Al-Dhalli

Mr. Azhar Daud

Mr. Mohamad Azrai lbrahim

Mr. Mohamad Hasan Hj. Ramli

Mr. lVlohamed Firdauz lsahak

Mr. Mohammad Zul lzhwan Kamis

Mr. Mohd. Shahrizan Khalid

Mr. Selvamani NaraYan Nair

PublicityAssociate Professor Dr. Yvonne Tan Sze Fung

Dr. Salizawati Muhamad Salhimi

Associate Professor Dr. Azman Samsudin

Associate Professor Dr. 5abariah lsmail

Dr. Nurzalina Abdul Karim Khan

Dr. Salizawati Muhamad Salhimi

SponsorshipProfessor Saringat Hj. Baie

Professor Munavvar Zubaid Abdul Sattar

ProfessorYuen Kah HaY

Associate Professor Dr. Mohd. Baidi Bahari

Associate Professor Dr. Zuraidah Mohd. Yusoff

Dr. Amin Malik Shah Abdul Majid

ScientificProfessor Mohd Zaini Asmawi

Associate Professor Dr. Ab. Fatah Ab. Rahman

Prof. (han Kit Lam

Professor Peh Kok Khiang

Professor Zhari lsmail

Associate Professor Dr. 5urash Ramanathan

Dr. Farha Naomi 0mar Farouk

Dr. Mohd. Nizam Mordi

Dr. Roziahanim Mahmud

Mr. Rosman Ahmad

Ms. Tengku Nor Maheran Tengku Ab Kadir

ProtocolAsso(iate Professor Dr. Pazilah lbrahim

Dr. Roziahanim Mahmud

Associate Professor Dr. Gam Lay Harn

Dr. Farha Naomi Omar Farouk

Ms. Hadzliana Zainal

Mrs. Nor Risah Othman

Mrs. Salida lbrahlm

Mrs. Siti Maisharah Sheikh Ghadzi

Mrs. Sopiah Nor Mohamad

lvls. Sabariah Noor Harun

HospitalityAssociate Professor Dr. Nornisah Mohamed

Associate Professor Mariam Ahmad

Mrs. Masuryani MatTaha

Mrs. Zaidah Aziz

Transportation and LogisticTn. Hj. Abd. Hadi Ahmad

i\4r. Amiruddin l\4at Jalil

Mr. Azman [he Hussain

i\,4r. Mohd Jasmie lkhram Ab. Rahaman

Mr. Mohd. Shahrul Ridzuan lsmail

Mr. Nadzri 0thman

Mr. Shamsul Mad

lr,4r Sved Mohammed Md. Abdul Kadir

--l

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Day 1 [December 11, 2010] Room 1

1215-1230 Screening of selected fungi for biological control agent potential towards wood-degrading fungi of Malaysia

Physicochemical Characterization and Dissolution Kinetics ofAceclofenac Coprecipitates in pVp and pVp/

VA-64

Formulation and Evaluation ofTaste Masked 5umatriptan Succinate 0rally Disintegrating Tablets produced byFreeze drying Iechnique

1 51 5-1 545

1 545-1 600 Formulation and evaluation of curcuminoids arid quercetin microcapsules

1600-1515Dissolution Enhancement of Piroxicam by Solid Dlspersion

and lnclusion Complex Techniques

1615-1630 Preparation of liposome of diclofenac sodium with palm oil derivatives

Day 2 [December 12,2010] Room 1

1045-1 I i5

1115-1130Determinatlon offlavonoids and chlorogenic acid in Gynuro procumbens by a simple high performance liquidchromatography method with ultraviolet detection (HpLC-UV)

1',r30-1 145Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) o'f lrthosiphon stamineusleaves and HPLC analysis ofmethanol extractsusing Rapid separation liquit chromatography (RSLC)

5imultaneous determination ofsecondary metabolites from C roseus plant extracts by reverse phase highperformance liquid chromatography

1145-1200

1200-1215 [ombination of Chromatography techniques for the isolation of minor bioactive metabolites from a Malaysiaendophytic fungi

Analysis ofvincristine and vinblastine in the extract of cothoronthus roseus by HpLC

Day 1 [December 11, 2010] Roo m 2

1215-1230 The Application ofThe Nine Star Halo-N Theory in the Natural product Research

Rauniticine-allo-oxindole B, a new natural pentacyli( oxind0le alkaloid from Malaysian lJncorio longifloro uar.pteropoda

't45-1 300 Review on the effects of process parameters of protein extraction from plant

Muhammad Sarjanalsolation and identification ofactive triterpenoid compound as antifungi from methanol extract of binahongI t ^-^)^-- -^.-J:t-t: - tt-- \ .1

Time Abstract No Author Title

1145-1215 Ahmad,r;r,r Lnpe i:i:;t , .-.-: i L

Ar-45 Yi Peng

1230-1245 A3-149 Kamal Dua

1 245-i 300 A3-106 Ravi Sheshala

Yuen [,.ih i.,t.v ::r,::.:r ir;{

A3-159 Ang Lee Fung

A3-165 Mohd Reduan Ismail

A3-197 Hamid AkbariJavar

1 01 5-l 045 Shaniini The,;en*ran invited i;ik

5ili Nc*ruhari lbrahim irvi:ed laik

A3-42 Kuong Yow Meng

A3-135 Noor Hafizoh Saidan

A3-180Mohammad Jamshed

5iddiqui

A3-202 Rasha Saad

1 21 5-1 230 A3-20s Nasira Saif ur Rehman

Ycshinori A:,rir,tva ltr!:!11i:A2-218 A. Hamid A. Hadi

1230-1245 A2-49 Fatimah Salim

A2-275 Farm Yan Yan

,' :'al

Irlansor Putah lnvrled iaik

1 600-1 61 5(omparative study of standardized extracts of Vinru rosea leaves from Perlis Herbal Farm and wildly collectedfrom Balik Pulau using anticancer markers on Hpl(

synthesis ofsilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by pyrnop orus songuineus in shake flask culture

Day 2 [December 12,20101

Natural product research in Bangladesh

1100-1115 lsolation, characterization and biological evaluation of novel cyclic polyamides from 5al ,odoro opoidiiu*1 1 15-1 130 Coumarins fr om M eiogy n e v i rgoto

1130-1145 Antibacterial Adivity of lndole Derivative tompounds lsolated from the Soft (oral lrn uloria frondosa

1 145-1200 Chemical c0nstituents from Neonoucleo sp-1 (Rubiaceae)

1200-1215 Bioactive compound from stem barkof Entodo spirotisRidl

1215-1230 Alkaloids isolated from the barkof Litseo grandis and Litsea Lanafolia (Lauraceae)

Day 1 [December 11,2010] Room 3

1215-1230 Synthesis of Substituted Chalcones

Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activities of l,3,6-Trioxygenated Xanthone Analogues towards MDA- MB-231 andHeLa (ancer Cell Lines

I 245-1 300 Novel synthesis ofGotiothalamin and its Derivatives/Analogues and their Bioactivity

1 545-1600 Norhazana Nor lzan lsolation oftwo 0ligostilbene from Shoreo brocteolote

r 600-1 51 5 Mangostins and their bioactivities fro m Gorcinio moloccensisHk.f

1 61 5-1 630 Evaluation ofantioxidant potential of Fkus dettoideo extracts and their phytochemical screening and primarymetabolites analysis

Day 2 [December 12,2010] Room 3

-t_:,]100 Anti-angiogenic a cliuity of Morinda citrifolio extracts and its chemical constituents

, |15 Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi

Wan SallehChemical (onstituents and Antimicrobial Activity of prp er oninum

/n vlvo hepatoprotective activity of ethanol extracts of leaves and fruit of plper slrmentlsum

Hepatoprotective studies on lomorix ophyllo: Aplant from ftolistan Desert of pakistan

Nanostructed Lipid carriers (NL() with wholesome palm-based phytonutrients (on(entrates

/n rltro dissolution and ex vivo absorption studies ofa formulated standardized extract pNf5 of phylanthus

niruri Linn

Effect of concomitant administration of piperine on the bioavailability ofsulpiride

A2-1 78Mohammad Jamshed

Siddiqui

1 61 s-1 630 A2-107 Yen San Chan

101 5- 1045 l(haiijah Aivang invited Taik

1045-1100 A3-258Mohammad Abdur

Rashid

A3-47 Afsheen Arshad

A3-1 13 Asmah Alias

A3-123 Diana kertini Monir

A3-126 Norfaizah 0sman

A3-80 Aiza Harun

A3-i 28 Syazreen Nadia

Preclinical

Itlorriin l-ij Lajis lnvited lalk

A3-133 NurAthirah Hashim

A3-8s Lisa Iho

A3-262 Mazlin Mohideen

r 51 5-t 545 l"lasi,ah 5irat inirited Talk

A3-192

A3-82 Muhammad Taher

Ai 94 Armaghan Shafaei

Ren Xrang Tan hv,ie,l ialk

A3-44

A3-1 38

Hooi-Kheng Beh

A4-57 Khalid Husain

A4-249 Mahmood Ahmad

A4-51 Loo (hew Hung

A4-96 HaiQiu Ma

A4-1 50 Chitneni Mallikarjun

Day 1 [December 11,2010] Room 41 1 45-121 5

'12't 5-1 230 Acuteandsubchronicoraltoxicitystudiesof25%ethanol extradofgynuraprocumbensinsprague

1230-1245 Acute toxicity and antiproliferative e'ffectof myrmecodio platytyreo methanolic extract

1 245-1 300

Test imumodulator effect and measurement ofchanging phosphatase acid enzyme ofa water extractmixture of betel leaf {piper betle L), gambir (uncario gombier ROXB) and calcium hydroxide on macrophagecells of mice

151s-1545 Shaiful Baharilsmail

1 545-1 600 Synergisticactivityoflignansfrom PhyllanthusomaruswithvincristineonHepG2

1 600-1 61 5 Saeed Ur Rashid Nazir stability of Didofenac Acid Suspension at Different Temperatures and ulcerogenecity in Rats

't615-.1630 Water-methanolic extract of 0rIho siphon stanineus alters endothelium-dependent vas0m0t0r resp0nses 0faortic rings in spontaneously hypertensive rat

Day 2 [December 12, 2010] Room 4

Phytochemical Screening and AntimicrobialaJivily of Fogonia cretica plant extracts against selectedMicrobes

1100-1115ln Vitra Synergy Study of Angiopteris evecta lllethanolic Extract with Antituberculosis Drugs againstl',4y co b o cte r i u n t u b e rc u I os i s

1115-1130 Vagner Rodrigues Santosln vitro anlimiuobial activity of medicinal plant extr acts used in Brazilian folk medicine against pathogenic

microorganisms of interest t0 dentistry

r 1 30-1 145 Claira Arul Aruldass Antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts of various puls of mesuo ferrea

1 1 45-1 200 ManiMaran Marimuthu Antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts of various parts oflxo ro coccineo

1200-1215 Antimicrobial activity of ocidophilus grown in substrates derived from natural products

1215-1230 A4-215Evaluation of antimalarial activity of Sesquiterpene lactones of wild Sudanese basil {lcimum basilicum)through their in vitro inhibition of Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)

Day 1 [December 11, 2010] Room 5

Evaluation ofbioactive herbal phytochemical fingerprint profile using SpE-2D planarchromatographytech n ique

Studies on standardized extracts offirus deltoideofor antthypertensive activity

'r245-1300 Methanol extract of leaves Ftrus deltoidearedutes (ontra(tion and enhances relaxation ofaortic rings in

sp0ntane0usly hypertensive rats.

1515-154s

1 545-1 600 Anti-angiogenic A cliuily of Gynura segetum Leaf exlracts and its fraciions

Anti-Angiogenic Properties ofMyrstico Frogrons essential oil Extracts Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

1 61 5-1 630 Anti-lnflammatory and antinociceptive effects of/,4 itragyno specioso aqueous extract

Preclinical including Biological Activity & Clinical Trials of Natural products

Rita P Aquino lnvited Talk

A4-191 Khaled Saleh

A4-177 Masdiana Abdul Samad

A4-1 08Muhammad Yanis -Musdja *

lnvited Talk

A4-168 Ng KwokWen

A4-1 82

A4-200 Nurul Maizan Manshor

'1015-1045Paolo Colombo lnvited Talk

1 045-1 1 00 A4-116 Sajid Bashir

A4-69 Nabihah Mohd Zin

A4-61

A4-76

A4-78

A4-1 98 Hassan Pyar

Juma Mabubu

Monograph & Documentation

1145-1215 Habibah A Wahab lnvited Talk

1215-1230 A5-63 Ian HorYue

1230-1245 A5-29 Armaghan Shafaei

A4-211 Nadiah Razali

Hawa Jaafar lnvited Talk

A4-43 LayJinq Seow

1 600-1 61 5 A4-193 Sawsan Al-Rawi

A4-65 Siti Rohani Saleh

Pre-Cli n ical/Cli n ical Trials

A4-108 Test of the Immunomodulatory Effect and Measurement of Changing AeidPhosphatase Enzyme of a Water Extract Mixture of Piper Betle L, (.IncariaGambir Roxb and calcium Hydroxide on Mice Macrophage cells

Muhammad Yanis MusdjaDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health 5ciences, Islamic 5tate University 5yarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta, lndonesia

lntroductio[i The main components of betel quid chewing which are betel leaf (piper betle L.), gambir (Uncariagambir Roib) and slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) have been studied extensively but separately, thus studies onthese components in combination particularly as immunomodulatory agents is scarce.

0biectives: To ascertain the efficacy of the quid chewing components as immunomodulatory agents.

Materials and Methods: A water extraction was carried out consisting a mixture of betel leaves, gambir and slakedlime, The extract was given to 7 groups of mice for 14 days with doses of 100, 200 and +oo mj/kg body weight.Two kinds of immunomodulatory drugs in syrup form commonly used in the treatment of infeciions was uiedas positive controls. Then the peritoneal fluid of mice containing macrophage cells was isolated by performingsurgery. This study calculated the number of activity and capacity of macrophage cells of mice after swallowingStaphylococcus epidermidis and also calculated changes to acid phosphatase enzyme in macrophage cells, on eachgroup of mice.

Results: The quid chewing component mixture group compared with negative controls showed an increase ofphagocytic activity of 86.60/o,94.2o/o and 88.30lo for doses of 100, 200 and +OO mglkg body weight, respectively.Meanwhilethe phagocytic capacityobtained for an average of 50 macrophage celliwas 626.1,g06.4and 754.5bacteria for dose of 100, 200 and 400 mglkg body weight, respectively.

Conclusion: Forthe 3 doses administered,the200 mg/kg doseshowedthe mostefficacywhere both the phagocyticactivity and capacity calculated was statistically significant (p < 0.05), and changes for acid phosphatase

"-nryr"was found statistically significant (p < 0.05) as well.

I

M?4anu?ruaai*International Gonference on Natural Products

2010II

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman

Organising Chairman