From the College Board Web Site: The computer counts how many answers the student got wrong,

then deducts a fraction of that number from the number of right answers. For exams with five-choice items, the fraction is one quarter; for those with four-choice items, it is one third. This type of scoring is appropriate for tests where students are not expected to have mastered all of the material that might be tested. With this procedure, the average multiple-choice score under purely random guessing is zero.

The total score is now rounded to the nearest whole number; if the score falls halfway between two whole numbers, it is rounded upward. If the student scores less than zero as a result of the correction for guessing, the score is replaced with a zero.

Postwar EconomyPostwar Economyslump from 46-48New Deal protection of Unions is Over

Union Membership peaks in 1950The GI Bill – ‘44billions of $$ to WWII vets:attend college or voc. Schoolget low-interest loans for homes, farms, &

small businessstimulates economic boom

The Postwar BoomThe Postwar Boom“sustained growth” – 1950-70“middle class” doubles

60% by 1955more women work

but the “second shift” persistsstandard of living increases

CausesCausesWWII jump-started economy“military-industrial complex” –cheap energy (oil, gas, coal)higher worker productivity -

DemographicsDemographics from “the rust belt” to “the sun belt” –“white flight” -results in “urban blight” –Levittown – the baby boom -boom / drain on economy @ each life

stage

Eerie Similarities of 1920s & 1950sEerie Similarities of 1920s & 1950spostwar decadebooming, consumption based economyemphasis on conformitySuburbia – “Leave it to Beaver”Red Scares in 20s & 50s“The Company Man”

–20s rebels = “Lost Generation”–50s rebels = “beatniks”

Women in 20s & 50sWomen in 20s & 50swomen work more outside the home . . .

expected to still be the “ideal housewife”“second shift” of 20s still pervades in 50s

new inventions = more work20s flapper is the 50s “rock and roller”

Postwar EconomyPostwar Economyslump from 46-48New Deal protection of Unions is Over

Union Membership peaks in 1950The GI Bill – ‘44billions of $$$ to WWII vets:attend college or voc. Schoollow-interest loans stimulates economic boom

The Postwar BoomThe Postwar Boom“sustained growth” – 1950-70“middle class” doubles

60% by 1955more women work

but the “second shift” persistsstandard of living increases

CausesCausesWWII jump-started economy“military-industrial complex” –cheap energy (oil, gas, coal)higher worker productivity -

Schedule UpdateSchedule Update1- The Packet Shall Rule Our Lives2- We Shall Not Neglect The Review

Schedule3- AP Party – Friday 6:30am4- Section II Mock Exam

Thursday April 27th – 12:15 - 2:45pm

DemographicsDemographics from “the rust belt” to “the sun belt” –“white flight” -results in “urban blight” –Levittown – the baby boom –

impact -

Eerie Similarities of 1920s & 1950sEerie Similarities of 1920s & 1950spostwar decadebooming, consumption based economyemphasis on conformitySuburbia – “Leave it to Beaver”Red Scares in 20s & 50s“The Company Man”

–20s rebels = “flappers” / “Lost Generation”–50s rebels = “rock n rollers” / “beatniks”

1. Taft-Hartley Act 19472. Serviceman's Readjustment Act (1944) (GI Bill of Rights)3. "NSC-68" 4. military-industrial complex 5. Sunbelt6. baby boom7. "Levittown, N.J." 8. "white flight"

Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945)Big 3 at time -Stalin gets1-2-By promising1-2-FDR criticized -

1. Taft-Hartley Act 1947 2. Serviceman's Readjustment Act (1944) (GI Bill of Rights) 3. "NSC-68" 4. military-industrial complex 5. Sunbelt 6. baby boom 7. "Levittown, N.J." 8. "white flight"

9. Yalta Conference, Feb. 194510. “spheres of influence”11. Bretton Woods Agreement (1944)12. UN Conference, April 1945

Soviet UnionCommunistNo OppositionGoal =Angry @ U.S.1-2-3-

USCapitalistDemocracyGoal =Angry @ Soviet Union1-2-

1. Taft-Hartley Act 1947 2. Serviceman's Readjustment Act (1944) (GI Bill of Rights) 3. "NSC-68" 4. military-industrial complex 5. Sunbelt 6. baby boom 7. "Levittown, N.J." 8. "white flight" 9. Yalta Conference, Feb. 1945 10. “spheres of influence”

11. Bretton Woods Agreement (1944)12. UN Conference, April 1945

13. Nuremburg Trials 1945-1946 14. Berlin Airlift 1948 15. "satellite states" 16. "Containment Policy" (George F. Kennan) 17. Truman Doctrine, March 1947 18. Marshall Plan, 1947 19. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 1949 20. National Security Act, 1947 21. Nuclear Arms Race

Sept. 1949 - 1952 - 1953 -

22. China, 1949 23. Truman's "loyalty program" , 1947 24. House Committee on Un-American Activities 25. Alger Hiss, 1948 26. Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, 1951 27. 38th parallel 28. November, 1950 29. Dwight D. Eisenhower 30. Adlai E. Stevenson 31. Richard M. Nixon 32. “Checkers” speech (1952) 33. Korean armistice (1952)

34. Sen. Joseph McCarthy 35. Army-McCarthy hearings (1954) 36. Jim Crow laws 37. Emmett Till (1955) 38. Jackie Robinson 39. NAACP 40. Thurgood Marshall 41. Rosa Parks (1955) 42. Montgomery bus boycott 43. Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr.

44. Earl Warren 45. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954) 46. Little Rock Central High (1957) 47. Southern Christian Leadership Conference (1957) 48. Greensboro “sit-ins” (1960) 49. Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (1960) 50. Interstate Highway Act (1956) 51. John Foster Dulles 52. Strategic Air Command (SAC) 53. “massive retaliation” 54. Nikita Khrushchev

55.Geneva summit (1955) 56. Hungarian uprising (1956) 57. Ho Chi Minh 58. Dienbienphu (1954) 59. Geneva Conference (1954) 60. Ngo Dinh Diem 61. Warsaw Pact (1955) 62. Shah of Iran (1953) 63. Suez crisis (1956) 64. Eisenhower Doctrine (1957) 65. OPEC (1960) 66. Sputnik (1957)

67. Intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) 68. “Missile gap” 69. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) 70. National Defense and Education Act (1958) 71. Lebanon intervention (1958) 72. “Spirit of Camp David” (1959) 73. U-2 spy plane (1960) 74. Guatemalan intervention (1954) 75. Fulgencio Batista 76. Fidel Castro (1959)

77. Richard Nixon 78. “Kitchen debate” 79. John F. Kennedy 80. Lyndon B. Johnson 81. “New Frontier” 82. Nixon-Kennedy TV debates (1960) 83. Twenty-second Amendment (1951) 84. Betty Friedan 85. Television 86. Billy Graham, Oral Roberts, Fulton Sheen 87. Elvis Presley 88. Marilyn Monroe

Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) 89. John F. Kennedy 90. Robert F. Kennedy 91. J. Edgar Hoover 92. Robert S. McNamara 93. “New Frontier” 94. Peace Corps 95. “Man on the moon” (1969) 96. Nikita Khrushchev 97. Vienna Conference (1961) 98. Berlin wall (1961)

Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) 99. “Massive retaliation” 100. “Flexible response” 101. Green Berets 102. Anti-Diem coup (1963) 103. Alliance for Progress (1961) 104. Bay of Pigs (1961) 105. Cuban missile crisis (October 1962) 106. Peaceful coexistence/détente 107. Freedom Riders (1961) 108. James Meredith (1962) 109. Birmingham protests (1963) 110. March on Washington (August 1963) 111. Medgar Evers

Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) 112. Lee Harvey Oswald (November 22, 1963) 113. Jack Ruby 114. Earl Warren 115. Lyndon B. Johnson 116. Civil Rights Act (1964) 117. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) 118. Title VII 119. “Affirmative action” 120. “War on Poverty” 121. “Great Society” 122. Michael Harrington (1962)

Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945)

123. Barry Goldwater (1964) 124. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964) 125. Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO) 126. DOT and HUD (1965) 127. Robert C. Weaver 128. National Endowment for the Arts and Humanities 129. Medicare 130. Medicaid 131. “Entitlement” programs

Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) 132. Immigration and Nationality Act (1965) 133. Project Head Start 134. Voting Rights Act (1965) 135. Twenty-fourth Amendment (1964) 136. Mississippi “freedom summer” (1964) 137. Selma march (1965) 138. Watts (1965) 139. Malcolm X 140. Elijah Muhammed 141. Black Panther Party 142. Stokeley Carmichael 143. “Black Power” 144. King assassination (1968)

Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) 145. Dominican intervention (1965) 146. “Operation Rolling Thunder” (1965) 147. Vietnam “escalation” (1965) 148. “Domino” theory 149. “Credibility gap” 150. “Doves” and “hawks” 151. Tet offensive (1968) 152. Sen. Eugene McCarthy 153. Johnson’s “abdication” (1968) 154. Hubert H. Humphrey 155. R. F. Kennedy assassination (1968) 156. Chicago Democratic convention (1968) 157. Richard M. Nixon 158. George C. Wallace

Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) 159. “Beat” poets (1950s) 160. James Dean 161. Free speech movement 162. “Counterculture” 163. “Sexual revolution” 164. Birth-control pill (1960) 165. Dr. Alfred Kinsey 166. Stonewall incident (1969) 167. Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) 168. “Weathermen” 169. “Flower children”

Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) 170. Inflation 171. “Vietnamization” (1969) 172. “Nixon Doctrine” (1969) 173. Vietnam moratorium (1969) 174. My Lai massacre (1968) 175. Cambodian invasion (1970) 176. Kent State/Jackson State (1970) 177. Tonkin Gulf Resolution repeal (1970) 178. Twenty-sixth Amendment (1971) 179. Daniel Ellsberg 180. Pentagon Papers (1971) 181. Henry Kissinger 182. China opening (1971)

Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) 183. Détente policy 184. Antiballistic missile (ABM) treaty (1972) 185. Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) (1972) 186. Earl Warren 187. Liberal Warren Court decisions Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) Miranda (1966) 188. Warren E. Berger (1969) 189. Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) 190. Supplemental Security Income (SSI) 191. Environmental Protection Agency (1970) 192. Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) 193. Rachel Carson/Silent Spring (1962) 194. Clean Air and Endangered Species Acts (1970) 195. Nixon’s “southern strategy” 196. Sen. George McGovern (1972) 197. Vietnam pullout (1973)

Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) 198. CREEP 199. Watergate break-in (June 1972) 200. Spiro Agnew 201. Gerald Ford 202. “Saturday night massacre” (1973) 203. Cambodian bombings (1973) 204. Pol Pot 205. War Powers Act (1973) 206. Arab Oil Embargo (1974) 207. “Energy crisis” 208. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) 209. Nixon resignation (August 8, 1974) 210. Vietnam defeat (1975)

Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) 211. Title IX (1972) 212. Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) 213. Roe v. Wade (1973) 214. Phyllis Schlafly 215. Betty Freidan 216. National Organization for Women (NOW) 217. Milliken v. Bradley (1974) 218. “Reverse discrimination” 219. Bakke case (1978) 220. United States v. Wheeler (1978) 221. Jimmy Carter (1976) 222. Department of Energy 223. “Human rights” 224. Camp David accords (1978) 225. Return of Panama Canal 226. Brezhnev and SALT II negotiations (1979) 227. Iranian hostage crisis (1979–1980) 228. Ayatollah Khomeini 229. Afghanistan invasion and Olympic boycott (1980)

Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) 230. “New Right” movement 231. Ronald Reagan 232. Jimmy Carter 233. Sen. Edward Kennedy 234. Iranian hostage release (1981) 235. “Welfare state” 236. “Supply-side” economics (“Reaganomics”) 237. Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI or “Star Wars”) 238. “Solidarity” 239. 1984 Olympic boycott 240. “Sandinistas” 241. “Contra” rebels 242. Walter Mondale 243. Geraldine Ferraro

Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945) 244. Mikhail Gorbachev 245. Glastnost 246. Perestroika 247. Geneva (1985) and Reykjavik (1986) summits 248. INF Treaty (1987) 249. Moscow summit (1988) 250. Iran-Contra affair (1986) 251. Oliver North 252. Rev. Jerry Falwell 253. Moral Majority 254. George H. W. Bush 255. Tiananmen Square (1989) 256. Berlin wall (1989) 257. German reunification (1990) 258. Boris Yeltsin 259. Dissolution of the Soviet Union (1991)

Eisenhower & The Cold WarEisenhower & The Cold WarDwight Eisenhower (52-60) Richard M. Nixon - John Foster Dulles -

“brinksmanship” –H-Bomb Perfected (’52) -Mutually Assured Destruction - Nikita Khrushchev (’53) -Sputnik I (’57) -

“space race” –

Cold War = US #1 priorityCold War = US #1 priorityNational Defense and Education Act

(NDEA) (’58)Eisenhower’s Farewell Address –

“beware of the military industrial complex”CIA -

Guatemala (’54) -

Cold War in the 60sCold War in the 60sCastro & Che (’59) -U-2 incident (’60) -Kennedy (‘60-‘63)

Lyndon Johnson -“the best & the brightest”Robert McNamara -

Berlin Wall (’61) -Bay of Pigs (April ’61) -Cuban Missile Crisis (October ’62) -