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The Bauhaus masters on the roof of the Bauhaus building in Dessau.
From the left: Josef Albers, Hinnerk Scheper, Georg Muche, László Moholy-Nagy, Herbert Bayer,
Joost Schmidt, Walter Gropius, Marcel Breuer, Vassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Lyonel Feininger, Gunta
Stölzl and Oskar Schlemmer.
Teachers were called ‘Masters’ and selected to teach specific subjects. These masters were some of
the best artists of the time. Such as Kandinsky and Paul Klee. It would be like you being taught to
paint by Jenney Saville or shown how to spray paint by Banksy.
Walter Gropius was a trained Architect and Designer who founded
the Bauhaus in 1919. (Just after the First World War) He wanted to
create a new type of Art College that would provide young people
with practical and intellectual skills that would make the world
more civilised and less selfish place. He was going to train the next
generation of artists and designers. He called it ‘A cathedral of
ideas that would spark energy and life into depressed and drab
world’
All students completed a preliminary course and then progressed
from there into other subjects and areas. Gropius created a school
where traditional crafts and apprentices were combined with fine
art to create a more equal playfield for artists, designers and
craftspeople.
In 1923 the school changed slightly and began to focus more on
industrial methods of production using more modern materials
such as steel and glass. While the work produced looked mass
produced it was all still being handmade.
The Bauhaus moved in 1925 to the town of Dessau as a result of
changes in funding and the German Government. This gave
Gropius the opportunity to design the Art School from scratch,
created by both staff and students the fittings, furniture, murals,
signs and building were all in keeping with Gropius’s vision for
simple, elegant, geometric, functional space.
Gropius resigned from the Bauhaus in 1928 and Mies Van Der
Rohe took over.
In 1933 Hitler ordered the closure of the world’s greatest art
school, the Second World War was close and many of the teacher
and students headed for America, the land of the free.
“Specialists are
people who
always make the
same mistakes”
Josef Albers was a painter, poet, sculptor, art
theorist, and teacher. He studied at the Bauhaus
from 1920 to 1923 at the Bauhaus Weimar where he
attended the glass painting workshop. He eventually
became a Master at the Bauhaus teaching the initial
course. Albers’s important works include the glass
pictures that he created in 1928 during his Bauhaus
period, designs for furniture and everyday utility
objects made of wood and glass. Among his most
successful students were Robert Rauschenberg, Cy
Twombly, Richard Anuszkiewicz, Eva Hesse, and John
Chamberlain.
Born in 1910. He came to the
Bauhaus in 1930. Kranz began to
experiment with photographic
techniques and created some of the
most striking abstract picture series
to emerge from the Bauhaus.
Alienated and abstracted faces and
hands appear repeatedly in his
photographs.
Hungarian-born abstract painter, designer, typographer,
photographer, film-maker. He became a master at the
Bauhaus first as head of the metal workshop, then head of
the preparatory course. He then became involved with
experimental photography, including photograms. Moholy-
Nagy was fascinated by light throughout his career, and
photograms offered the opportunity to experiment with the
subtlety of light and shade.
The Bauhaus architecture style combined
artistic, practical and social purposes. It
also favours function over decoration. They
wanted to create space in the building
instead of having the building take up the
space. Bauhaus architecture rejects
decorative details and wished to use
Classical architecture and its scientific,
geometric style. The buildings have flat
roofs, smooth facades, right angles,
although some feature rounded corners.
The colours used are white, grey, black, or
beige, dull colours which show the lack of
ornamentation and the floor plans are
open and the furniture is functional.
Born October 11, 1896.
Her work was original,
functional, very beautiful
and remarkably
advanced for its time.
Wildenhain studied at
the Bauhaus for about
five years.
Gunta created immense
change within the textile
field by uniting art
practices taught at
Bauhaus with traditional
textile techniques and
became the first woman
Master at the school.
Stölzl developed textile
covers for some of the
furniture designed by
Marcel Breuer at the
Bauhaus.
Marianne Brandt, German painter,
sculptor, photographer and
designer who studied at the
Bauhaus school and became head of
the metal workshop in 1928
Born in 1866 Kandinsky was an Expressionist and Abstract
painter. In 1922 Kandinsky accepted a teaching position at
the Bauhaus, and became Master of Form, Colour Theory
and Basic Design. Kandinsky conducted the Wall Painting
Workshop and Preliminary Course. An influential painter
he worked with abstract colours and shapes and precise,
geometrical forms.