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10-31-20062
Technology Choices for the Future
You are never too thin, never too rich and
You never have enough bandwidth.
10-31-20064
Acronyms
� PON: Passive Optical Network– FTTH: Fiber to the Home– B-PON: Broadband PON– GPON: Gigabit PON– EPON: Ethernet PON– ODN: Optical Distribution Network
� PON System components– OLT: Optical Line Terminal– ONT: Optical Network Terminal– WDM: Wave Division Multiplexing
� Digital Subscriber Line– ADSL: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line– VDSL: Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line– DSLAM: Digital Subscriber Line Access Module
10-31-20067
Copper to Fiber: Circuit to PacketSteep traffic increases in access & aggregation required
Gbps
Mbps
Bandwidth:• From 1.5 Mbps to 1 Gbps
Circuit to Packet• TDM/ATM to IP
IP Services
TDM/ATM
10-31-200610
Shortening Copper Access LoopsPOTS 18Kft loops
DLC 12Kft loopsClass 5 switch
DSLAM
ADSL 12Kft loops
100 Mbps
VDSL2 <4Kft20-50 Mbps
PON
PON
1.5 – 3.0 Mbps
Dial up
FTTH
10-31-200611
PON Technology Comparison Chart
64 Users
1.25 Gbps Symmetric
Ethernet
IEEE803.2ah
E-PON
32 users64 usersMaximum split ratio
622 Mbps Downstream
155 Mbps Upstream
2.5 Gbps Downstream
1.2 Gbps Upstream
Speed
ATMGPON Encapsulated Mode (GEM) supports:
�Ethernet
�TDM
�ATM
Protocol
ITU G.983ITU-T G.984Standard
B-PON
Broadband (ATM) PON
GPON
Gigabit-capable PON
10-31-200612
Bandwidth Demand Rising
• MetroEthernet access for business
• Government, schools, community access
• Triple Play to existing homes
• New home with value added communications
10-31-200613
PON Trends World-wide
GPON
GPON
GPON
GPONBPON
GE-PON
GPONBPON
GPON/EPON
GPON/EPON
GPON/EPON
GPON
GPON has the potential to become the global standard
10-31-200614
PON – A Multi $B growth market
Global PON Equipment Revenues
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
M$
GPON
EPON
BPON
GPON displacing EPON/BPON and accelerating Fiber roll-outs
Source: Infonetics
10-31-200615
PON Cost Factors
C.O.
Full Service Access Network (FSAN)
Video
Voice
Data
ONT65% TO 855 of network cost
SpeedMore subscribers/PONHigher speed services/sub
Split ratio OLT cost efficiency
GPON 2.5GEPON 1.25G
GPON 1.25GEPON 1.25G
OLT
ONT
ONT
Access systems face extreme price pressure
10-31-200616
PON Competitors
� North America– Alcatel-Lucent
– Ericsson
– Tellabs
– Motorola
– Calix
� Rest of World– Alcatel-Lucent
– Huawei
– Ericsson
– ZTE
– Hitachi
– ECI
– Nokia-Siemens
10-31-200618
B-PON & GPON StandardsITU-T G.983 & G.984
� Initiated by Full Service Access Network (FSAN) – Carrier lead: BT, ATT, NTT, TI, FT, DT, etc
� Comprehensive specification – PHY layer to OAM&P
� Interoperability initiatives– BPON
� NTT 03/2004, SBC 09/2004, Globalcomm 06/2005
– GPON � 05/2006 at Telcordia – 10 participants � 09/2006 in San Jose, CA U.S.A.� 12/2006 at ITU Conference in Hong Kong� May 7, 2007 at FSAN Lannion France
10-31-200619
EPON Standard: IEEE 802.3ah
� IEEE 802.3ah Ethernet in the First Mile (EFM) is an amendment to IEEE 802.3
� Comprised of P2P and P2MP (EPON)
� Additions to the 802.3 standard for compliance with architecture:
– Multi-point control protocol (MPCP) - timeslot allocation
– OAM - Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) for subscriber access networks
– Shared-Medium Emulation (SME) or P2P Emulation sub-layer
10-31-200621
B-PON or GPON Solution
Soft Switch
Class 5Switch
IP Router
B-PON622 Mbps @ 1490nm155 Mbps @1310nmRF @ 1550 nm
OLT
n
VideoHeadend
Fiber-To-The-Home
Fiber-To-The-Curb/Node
Fiber-To-The-Business
Multi Dwelling UnitMulti Tenant Unit
EDFA
RF video 1550nm
W
D
M
ONT
GPON2.5 Gbps @ 1490nm1.25 Gbps @1310nmRF @ 1550 nm
Voice
ATM
Ethernet
IPTV
RFVideo
10-31-200622
1 2 3
12
3
12 3
PON functional overviewDownstream Voice & Data
– Continuous TDM broadcast
– GPON = 2.5 Gbps
– OLT – ONT Security: AES
Downstream video using a separate wavelength
– 55-870 MHz RF ≈ 5.2 Gbps
Upstream– GPON = 1.2 Gbps
– TDMA Time Division Multiple Access assigned burst for bandwidth sharing
1 2 3
1
2
3
OLT
ONT
ONT
ONTUp to 32
DownstreamVoice & Data @ 1490 nm
1 2 32
1
3
OLT
Up to 32
Upstream @ 1310 nm 1
2
3
ONT
ONT
ONT
OLT
ONT
ONT
ONT
DownstreamVideo @ 1550 nm V
V
V
V
Up to 32
ONTs filters out its own data based on MAC/VPI/VCI/ID from downstream TDM. Downstream security maintained by encryption keys.
10-31-200623
PON OLT System
� Density– Service 24 to 120 PON ports
– 750 to 7500 Subscribers
� Switching capacity– 48 Gbps to 320 Gbps
– Concentration 5:1 to 1:1
� PON OLT blades– B-PON and GPON compatibility
– Density
� Uplinks to the network– TDM for voice
– ATM
– Ethernet GigE and 10G*2008
10-31-200624
Single Family ONT
� Services– POTS
– RF Video
– IPTV
– Ethernet services
� Environmental– Indoor (North America)
– Outdoor (Rest of World)
� Cost
� Powering– Locally powered
– Battery back up
� B-PON or GPON or both
10-31-200625
OLT and ONT Interoperability
� OLT and ONTs from different vendors must interoperate– Prove standards compliance
– Lower long term cost via competition
� FSAN history of interop testing– Similar to DSL plug-fests
– B-PON and now GPON
– May at Telcordia in N.J. U.S.A.
– September in San Jose, CA U.S.A.
– December at ITU Conference in Hong Kong
– May at FSAN in Lannion France
– Going on this week
10-31-200626
PON Discovery & Activation Principles
1
N
OLT
ONT
ONT
1. OLT opens a discovery window granting new ONTs on PON to communicate with OLT
4. OLT assigns the new ONT an ID and a time stamp (gate for start & stop time) for upstream TDMA
ONT
3. OLT measures Round Trip Time
2. New ONT sends identity and configuration information to the OLT
10-31-200627
Multi-cast Video and IPTV Services
� Point-to-point service (VOD or data) requires connectivity and bandwidth
� Multicast of popular channels saves transport and bandwidth
� Multicast requires 1-to-many switching in the access system
� Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP) provides multicast (1:many)
switching in IP networks
STBsFTTH ONT
Multicast
Multicast
Multicast
Multicast
VOD
VODMulticast source
Multicast channels are transported once and
viewed by many
Multicast channels are transported once and
viewed by many
VOD source
10-31-200628
PON ComponentsSplitters
� The optical splitter is a passive device
� Splitters are a main component of PON
� Depending on the light direction, this device either splits the incoming light and distributes it to multiple fibers or combines it onto one fiber
� A variety of types are available to meet the architectural requirements of OAN
� 1X2
� 1X4
� 1X8
� 1X16
� 1X32
10-31-200629
Other Topics in PON
� Split ratios 1:32 versus 1:64
� Quality of Service (QoS)
� Security and Encryption
� Bandwidth Sharing with Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation
� Multi-Dwelling Unit ONTs
� Business services
� Regulation and video franchises
� Management and OSS interfaces
� Optical effects of RF video
10-31-200630
PON Future: WDM PON or 10G PON
Optical
Network O/O
λλλλλλλλ1 1 λλλλλλλλ22
λλλλλλλλ31 31 λλλλλλλλ3232
λλλλλλλλ1 1 ……..λλλλλλλλ3232
T3/E3
ATM
FR
SAN
GbE
E/B/GPON OLT
TDM (2G)Packet (3G)
Standards? Work in progressNGN FSAN activity
Transport
WDM
Service
GPON, EPON, SDH/SONET, GbE, ESCON, etc…
Voice, Internet, IPTV, SAN, etc..