Fun Subtraction Mathematics

8/8/2019 Fun Subtraction Mathematics

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FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND LANGUAGES

HBMT 1203TEACHING MATHEMATICS IN PRE-SCHOOL AND YEAR ONE

SEMESTER : MEI 2010

ASSIGNMENT ( 30 % )

NAME : OOI YEE CHIA

I/C NO : 811012-01-5074

H/P NO : 012-4529667

LECTURER¶S NAME : MR MOK KAM FATT

PUSAT PEMBELAJARAN : MAKTAB TUNKU BAINUN



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CONTENT

No Topic Page No.1 Assignment Question 3

2 Introduction 4

3 Description of the FIRST articles 5

4The advantages and disadvantages of playing Dominoes

to learn Subtraction 6

5 Three ways to modify and Justify the above ways of teaching FUN SUBRACTION 7

6 Description of the SECOND articles 8-10

7The advantages and disadvantages of playing Montesorri

Golden Beads to learn Subtraction 10-11

8 Three ways to modify and Justify the SECONDARTICLES of teaching FUN SUBRACTION 12

9 Description of the THIRD articles 13

10The advantages and disadvantages of playing 50 coins to

learn Subtraction 14

11 Three ways to modify and Justify the THIRD ARTICLESways of teaching FUN SUBRACTION 15-16

12 Reference 17



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ASSIGNMENT QUESTION

As a teacher who is responsible to teach mathematics for Pre-School and Year One children, it is

imperative that you ensure the lessons developed are interesting. Search the Internet for information on

fun ways to teach subtraction. Select THREE ways of teaching subtraction that you think are

stimulating and exciting to be used in your classroom. Based on these, discuss the recommended

methods and change them to suit your students. Justify.

Criteria

Marks/(Weightage)

ExceedsStandard

4

MeetsStandard

3

Partially MeetsStandards

2

Weak

1

TotalScore

Introduction

(1)

Theintroductiondescribes thestructure of the

paper andstates theobjectives of the assignmen t in detail.

Theintroductiondescribes thestructure of the

paper and statesthe objectivesof theassignment.

Theintroductionlacksdescription of

both thestructure of the

paper or theobjectives of the assignment

There is noclear introduction or the objectivesof theassignment.

4

Discussion of materials¶content

(3)

FUN,Relevant,detaileddescription of THREE articles.

FUN ,Relevant,detaileddescription of less thanTHREE articles.

Relevant, notdetailed /lackingdescriptionarticles

Description of articles unclear and not relevant

12

ModificationandJustification

(3)

M ore than two detailed, well-thought of modificationand well

justified.

T wo detailed,well-thought of modificationand well

justified.

One detailed,well-thought of modificationand well

justified.

Very Poor modification or

justificationdone. 12

Organisation

(1)

Details are placed in alogical order and presentedeffectively. Nogrammatical or spelling errors.Link for selectedarticles are

provided.

Details are placed in alogical order

but presentedless effectivelywith fewgrammatical or spelling errors.Link for selected articlesare provided.

Details are notin logical order and distract thereader. Manygrammatical or spelling errors.Link for selected articlesare provided.

Many detailsare not inlogical order.There is littlesense that thewriting isorganized. Nolink is provided.

4



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INTRODUCTION

As a teacher who is responsible to teach mathematics for Pre-School and ear One children, it is

imperative that we ensure the lessons developed are interesting. This assignment required me to

search in the internet for information or articles on fun ways to teach subtraction. THREE ways of

teaching subtraction that are stimulating and exciting are selected to be used in my classRoom.

In this paper, I will discuss on those selected methods that I¶ve selected from the articles and to

be implemented to my teaching. I¶ll state the strength and weaknesses of those methods that have been

selected, then suitable ways and methods will be changed to suit my students need so that my

Subtraction class is going to be FUN and interesting.

Through this assignment, we are able to improved our teaching skill knowledge by searching

FUN ways of teaching subtraction through the internet. FUN teaching of subtraction helps the student

not only to understand even better on the concept of subtraction, and also increase their interest in

learning too, thus it helps to ease teacher stress on teaching too. A boring class and boring teaching

will decrease not only student¶s learning attitude, it also makes a teacher feel bored of teaching too.

So, come let us explore this assignment and to learn the FUN ways of teaching

SUBTRACTION!!





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The advantages and disadvantages of playing Dominoes to learn Subtraction

Advantages:

1) This teaching aids / game is very interesting because students are able to interact with friends

by sitting in a circle. It will increase their self confidence while they come forward to pick up a

domino and answer in front of their friends.

2) Dominoes is a helpful for teaching weak students in subtraction, because weak students can use

the dots on it to help them to do the subtraction by closing the dots one by one (top and bottom),

the balance will be the answer.

3) Putting hands in the hat to pick up a Domino is like a surprise in a box because students are

unable to know what type of domino that they are going to pick up next. It is an easy question

or a difficult one? With this anxiety in their mind, it helps to engaged and to encourage learning

process.

Disadvantages:

1) In US State or overseas, Dominoes game might be a common game among the schools, but in

Malaysia, I¶ve never came across with such things or games in my live. So I think it might be

difficult or me to use it in my class.

2) Dominoes game is a tough game when it deals with larger number because it has limited dots

on it ( not more than ten). Hence to subtract a larger number, student will have to pick up 2Dominoes, then add each number first before subtract the number among themselves.

Example : If a student pulls out one domino with 5 and a 6, and another with a 2 and 3, he/she

must add 5+6, and 2+3 first, then only she will now do the subtract part. You see, when it

comes to addition first then only subtraction takes place, this will confuse students mind. So

for preschool kids and standard 1 student, I think it is not suitable for them to use it when it

comes to subtract a larger number.

3) This game also brings another disadvantages for classes that consist more than 38 pupils. The

reason is there will be not enough of space for all the pupils to sit in a circle. Further more, if

there is a lot of student, that means they have to wait for a longer time for them to play the

game, hence the waiting time will makes them feel boring and also will distract student¶s

learning interest.



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Three ways to modify and Justify the above ways of teaching FUN SUBRACTION:

(i) Change the Domino to PLAYING CARDSAs Domino is not available at all school and it might to expensive for teacher to use it,hence I¶ve thought of using Playing Cards as the substitute for Domino.Playing Cards are more useful than Domino because there are more number available than

Domino, so student will just need to pick up two cards and do subtraction with the larger number subtract the smaller amount without hesitate to add on 2 number first beforesubtract just like the article said so. Further more, playing cards are cheaper to buy too.

(ii) As playing cards are much more cheaper than Domino, hence teacher can divide studentsinto few small groups according to their ability, and each group will have their own decksof playing cards. By modifying it into this ways, student are most probably to have morechances to get involve in playing activities rather than just waiting for hours for their turn,which makes them feel boring.

(iii) By making the game even more FUN and interesting, I would like to change the ways of playing the game. Instead of asking student to sit in a group and waiting for their turn tostand up and pick up 2 cards, I will apply the card game ³War´ to this subtraction game,which means this is a game of speed.

Let us see how we use playing cards to teach subtraction to pre-school and year 1 student:

Steps :1. Teacher prepare few decks of playing cards.

2. Take out all the queens, kings, joker, and any deck of playing cards will do.

3. Remove the Ace and Jack, Queen and King cards from the deck.

4. The deck is split between two players.

5. One player chants,´1,2,3,flip!´ and each player places a card face up on the table.For example, Student A flip over a 4 and student B slip over a 10.

6. The first person to call out, "10 - 4 = 6!" gathers the two cards, and they go again.

7. Whoever gathers the most card on their side will be the winner.



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Description of the SECOND articles

The second articles that I¶ve chosen is taken from the website below:

http://www.ehow.com/how_4516685_teach-subtraction-using-montessori-golden.html

The author of this articles is Carole Vansickle, an eHow contributing Writer. She

recommended by using Montessori Golden Beads, it will helps students to understand on how to do a

wide variety of math exercises in preschool and elementary school. These beads can be used to help

associate numbers with their quantities and to demonstrate basic math principles. Once a student is

familiar with addition and multiplication, you should move on to subtraction. You can clearly

demonstrate how subtraction works using the golden bead set.

The beads are tie in a row of 10. To form a 100 means 10 rows of beads are put together to

represent 100. And to form 10 means 1 row of beads is needed, and last but not least, for number 1-9 isrepresented by individual beads that are not tied in rows. If you are still unsure what is a Montessori

Golden Beads looks like, let us see the picture below for clearer view:



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Below are the steps on using Montessori beads to teach student substraction in Fun Ways.

Step 1

Use large number cards and the golden beads to create a minuend from which to subtract. This number

can be large and use thousands, hundreds, tens and ones. For example, if you want to subtractsomething from 65, you would use the large number card to build the number and then six 10 bars and

five unit of beads to assemble a golden beads representation of the number.

Step 2

Use small number cards to build a subtrahend, the number you are subtracting, in the felt-lined tray.

For example, if you want to subtract 11 from 65, you would use the number cards to make 11 in the

felt-lined tray. Do not include golden beads in the tray.

Step 3

Tell the children, "Today we will work subtraction problems." Although you have not yet

demonstrated what a subtraction problem is, this will let them know what they are about to learn.

Step 4

Assign the subtrahend to a student. Tell him that he will need to get the beads to build his number from

the beads that are part of the minuend. Help him through the process, since it is new. Say, for example,

"How many units do you want? Two? Okay, take two of these units," while pointing to the minuend.

Continue until the student has built the entire subtrahend in the felt-lined tray. When the work is

completed, you can say, "Good, you have subtracted 11," and place the small number under the larger

minuend at the top of the table.

Step 5

Ask a child to count the remaining bead material from the minuend and build the resulting number

with small number cards. In this case, you should have 54 left. This smaller number should go under

the small number card subtrahend that you already placed under the minuend. This number is the

difference.



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Step 6

Review the problem. Simply restate the actions as they occurred. In this instance, you would say, "We

had 65 and then you subtracted 11 from it. We now have 54 left."

Step 7

Review what just happened using the new math terminology. Tell the children, "Today we did

subtraction. Sixty-five was the amount we started with, our minuend. From that, we subtracted 11, our

subtrahend. Our answer, 54, is called the difference." As you are speaking, point to the appropriate part

of the problem. In this case, you should be pointing at 65 first, then 11 and then 54.

Step 8

Review the terminology. Ask students to point to the minuend, the subtrahend and the difference. You

can repeat this process multiple times with multiple numbers until the students are comfortable with

the subtraction process. Do not overdo things, but rather allow the children to move on to another

activity if they get bored or frustrated.

The advantages and disadvantages of playing Montesorri Golden Beads to learn Subtraction

Advantages:

1. The First advantages of using Montesorri Golden Beads to teach student subtraction is, students

are able to understand unit quantities of ones, tens, hundreds and thousand better. They need to

know a single bead comprises one unit or a point. Ten beads strung on a wire indicates ten, or

a line. One hundred is indicated by ten bars side by side, which makes a square, and one

thousand is ten one hundreds stacked on top of each other, making a cube.

2. By using Montesorri Golden Beads to teach student Subtraction will helps students to improve

their basic knowledge on count on and count back skills. This is because they need to know

how many beads do they need in Tens and Ones to form the minuends and subtrahends.



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3. For slow learner that couldn¶t figure out the amount that given by teacher are able to use the

help of Montesorri Beads to help them to complete the subtraction exercises by just removing

the subtrahends amount. By counting what is left over indicated the difference or the answer.

The Disadvantages

1. No doubt by using this subtraction method to teach standard 1 student is very Fun, but this kind

method require a huge amount of large number cards and a lot of golden beads. Each student

will be given at least 10 sets of Tens and 10 units of beads, which means if a class that consist

of 50 pupils means the teacher need to prepare and tie 500 strung of beads and 500 units of

beads which indicate ones. This need a lot of money for preparation. Hence it is not advisable

to be used in a big classroom.

2. The second disadvantages are the beads might fell off from the plate and student might lost the

beads. Picking up falling beads will distract pupils¶ learning process. Beads are consider as a

dangerous teaching aids because student in Preschool and standard 1 students are not aware of

the dangerous of beads, they might chock themselves or might be placing the beads in their

ears or nose which leads to unwanted accident.

3. This kind of activity needs a lot of teacher attention, teacher need to guard student that have

learning obstacles slowly and this kind of attention required a lot of time, it is only applicable

for small groups or individual, and not for the whole class learning activity.



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1. To modify the above disadvantages to suit standard 1 pupils, I suggest that by using an interactive

online computer game that involves critical thinking skills to develop a greater understanding of

subtraction. One of the website that has such an interactive game is located on the Virtual

Manipulatives http://nlvm.usu.edu/en/nav/frames_asid_155_g_3_t_1.html website. This gameuses Base Ten Blocks to model separation of groups. Students have the option of using computer

generated groups or creating their own subtraction groups. If they can create their own groups,

then they have just demonstrated internalization of the concept. With the use of such interactive

game, it will definitely increase pupils¶ interested of learning. It is also safe for pupils especially

standard 1 to use and it is free.

2. By just clicking on the wanted blue block on the bar above will create wanted minuend and red

blocks for the subtrahend, the more pupil click on the provided bar will increase the amount of

number. After that they can do the question on the right hand side too. It save time and cost as the

software is FREE and this software may not cause harm to pupils too. Below is the example of

doing a subtraction.

3. Another fun way to learn subtraction is to use different coloured blocks. Have the students place

65 coloured blocks in a container. Then have them remove 11 and ask them how many are left?

This allows them to visualize the difference after the removing 11 blocks. Ask them to explain

which are the minuend, subtrahend, and difference. This gives them a better understanding besides

using the standard worksheet subtraction problem. Students will find this fun and a lot less boring

than worksheets. Blocks are bigger than beads that gives student a good grips on it, Even though

the blocks might fall on the floor but it won¶t be difficult to find it as it won¶t roll as fast as beads

goes. It will not cause harm to student too. With the bright and colourful blocks will be able to

stir up pupil¶s interest in learning subtraction.



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Description of the THIRD articles

The third articles that I¶ve chosen is taken from this website:

http://www.l earn- with -ma th -games .com / fun-ma th -games-for-k ids.ht m l

Children are like sponges. They absorb every bit of information that is given to them, especially if it is presented in a fun and easy to learn way. It¶s never too early to begin teaching the concepts of math to

your children. Opportunities for math abound in our everyday lives. This will teach your child the

basic concept of subtraction while providing them with a fun snack time experience.

According to www.learn-with-math-games.com , the author suggested that 5 0 - Cent Subtraction

games for student to play while the learn the subtraction. This is game is suitable for pre-school and

standard 1 student to learn on subtraction skill through fun ways. Accord ing to this article, will divide

pupils into groups of 4. Each pupils will be given 50 coins. Who ever win will have the chance to put

a coin in the bowl. The objective of the game is, the first playing who is able to be the to put all 50

coins back in the bowl will be the winner. On top of that, teacher will need to prepared couple of

subtraction flash cards and stack them face down on the table.

1. The first player takes the subtraction card from the top of the pile. He reads the math sentence and

calls out the answer. He removes that many coins from his pile and puts them into a bowl or other

container. For example, the player draws 12 ± 4. He knows the answer is 8, so he puts 8 coins in

the bowl. He places the flashcard to the side. (Used flashcards may be shuffled and stacked again

if necessary.)2. Other players continue in the same manner.

3. If someone believes a player has called out an incorrect answer, she may challenge him and check

it on the calculator. If the player is right, the challenger has to add 5 coins to her pile. If the

challenger is right, she puts 5 extra coins in the bowl.

4. The winner is the first player to run out of coins



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The advantages and disadvantages of playing 5 0 coins to learn Subtraction

Advantages:

1. It is always kid¶s nature to play. They like games very much. By learning through games, they can

remember better and the more they play, the more they are able to concrete the concepts. By

playing 50 coins, student will be able to learn how to do subtraction without using paper because it

is a fast game, it require mental calculation.

2. By playing 50 coins, student will not only need to do subtraction that is on the flash card, student

will also need to take out the amount of coins that required and put into the bowl. Thus subtraction

on their own 50 coins take place too.

3. This game also helps to enhance student concentrate while other student is playing. This is because

they are always looking forward to challenge pupils that are unable to answer correctly, if they

manage to challenge the pupils correctly, then they will have a change to take out 5 coins from their

own and add on to the player who answer wrongly, hence they have a bonus chance for them to

clear out all their coins in a faster manner.

The Disadvantages

1. When a player answer wrongly and few challenger come forward to challenge him/her, thus

conflict will happen. The teacher will have difficulty to choose which challenger to challenge the

player.

2. It is also difficult for teacher to prepare so many coins for each student, especially for my class

which consist of 38 pupils, which means I need to prepare 190 coins for all the student which is

impossible.

3. This game may cause noisiness as 4 pupils play in a group, hence there will be 9 groups of pupils

playing at the same time. The activities will cause a lot of noise and it may distract other classroom

as well.



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1. To decrease the unwanted noise in the classroom and yet student are still able to learn subtraction

through fun ways, I suggest that teacher can teach subtraction song instead of playing games.

People learn using three types of approach. Each person tends to use one style more than another,

and understanding the students main learning style is important. The three styles are:

y Audio - the student learns by hearing

y Visual - the student learns by seeing

y Kinesthetic - the student learns by doing

Students learn best when they use all three styles, with a bias to their preferred learning style. The

teacher talking is the audio element, the number line allows the visual element to be used, and the

objects allow the kinesthetic element to be utilized.The lyrics of subtraction song will be as below:(taken from http://www.songsforteaching.com/carlsherrill/stepback.htm l)

Step Back Song

There¶s a new dance,And it¶s weird in fact,

It¶s a kind of a way that you can subtract, You move yourself backwards,

Gotta stay on track, can you Step Back?

First time aroundWe¶re gonna take away 2,

Just pay attention and it¶s easy to do It¶s time to find out

if you have the knack,Can you Step Back? 7 . . . __, __,

Step Back: 11 . . . __, __, Step Back: 10 . . . __, __,

This time aroundWe¶re gonna take away 3 . . .



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It¶s All Add Up

The two song above is an interesting action song that require student to sing and act, it helps student¶s

psychomotor movement and cognitive. Through these two songs, student learn the word ³step back´,

³take away´ and ³less´.

2. To prepare 50 coins for each students is difficult, hence I suggest that the teacher can modify it by

using pins or stones instead of using coins which it is easier to prepare.

3. When the game gone dull, teacher may use story to substitute the used of flash card. This is to

gain student interest in learning because most of the students are interested in story. It may also

makes every student to pay attention to the teacher too.



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REFERENCE

y HMBT 1203 Teaching Mathematics in Pre-school and Year One (OUM Module)

y Read more: How to Teach a Child Subtraction | eHow.com

http://www.ehow.com/how_2038272_teach-child-subtraction.html#ixzz0vw575jre

y Read more: http://www.articlesbase.com/homeschooling-articles/fun-ways-to-teach-your-kids-

math-697592.html#ixzz0vw4HQSPX

Under Creative Commons License: Attribution

y Read more: http://www.articlesbase.com/homeschooling-articles/fun-ways-to-teach-your-kids-math-697592.html#ixzz0vw2c3Y6k Under Creative Commons License: Attribution

y Read more at Suite101: Tips on How To Teach Subtraction of Positive and Negative Numbers http://math.suite101.com/article.cfm/tips-on-how-to-teach-subtraction-of-positive-and-negative-numbers#ixzz0vwOC82ec

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Fun Subtraction Mathematics