Level 2

Functional SkillsMathematics

Learning Resource 142D/3D and Scale

MSS2/L2.1 MSS2/L2.2 MSS1/L2.10

2D/3D AND SCALE LEVEL 2

©West Nottinghamshire College 2

Excellence in skills development

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Contents 2D Representation of 3D Shapes MSS2/L2.1 Page 3 - 5 Plans and Elevations MSS2/L2.1 Page 6 MSS2/L2.1 MSS1/L2.10 Page 10 Parallel Lines MSS2/L2.2 Page 7 Scales and Ratios MSS1/L2.10 Page 8 - 9 Pages 11 - 12

2D/3D AND SCALE LEVEL 2

MSS2/L2.1

©West Nottinghamshire College 3

Excellence in skills development 14 Information 2D Representation of 3D Shapes Nets are flat shapes that can be cut out and folded up into 3D shapes. The net of a closed cube can look like this: Exercise 1 Two 3D drawings of one die are shown. Copy the 2D diagram and draw the correct number of dots on each face of the die, then cut it out and make the net into a 3D die.

2D/3D AND SCALE LEVEL 2

MSS2/L2.1

©West Nottinghamshire College 4

Excellence in skills development 14 Exercise 2 2D Representation of 3D Shapes 1) Which of these nets are for a closed cube? a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h)

2D/3D AND SCALE LEVEL 2

MSS2/L2.1

©West Nottinghamshire College 5

Excellence in skills development 14 Exercise 3 2D Representation of 3D Shapes 1) Name the 3D shapes for the nets. a) _____________ b) _____________ 2) Draw two different nets for a cuboid.

2D/3D AND SCALE LEVEL 2

MSS2/L2.1

©West Nottinghamshire College 6

Excellence in skills development 14 Information Plans and Elevations 3 dimensional drawings (3D for short) can be used to draw 2 dimensional (flat) plans. By looking at these plans you can visualise the design of a building or object. 2D drawings are very useful if they are drawn to scale because measurements can be taken from the plan without having to leave the office – much more convenient than going outside! Exercise 4 This is a plan view of a house, tree and shed. Try and picture the buildings and trees in the plan as 3 dimensional.

From which point do you see each of these views?

2D/3D AND SCALE LEVEL 2

MSS2/L2.2

©West Nottinghamshire College 7

Excellence in skills development 14 Information Parallel Lines Parallel lines never meet; they are always the same distance apart from each other. On diagrams, parallel lines can be shown with arrow heads marked on them.

> > Examples of Parallel Lines

The sides of a door

The sides of a rectangle Railway tracks

Exercise 5 1) Which pairs of lines are parallel? a) b) c) d) 2) Which of these objects would you expect to have parallel lines? a) ruler b) 2p coin c) sugar cube d) football e) patio door f) egg

2D/3D AND SCALE LEVEL 2

MSS1/L2.10

©West Nottinghamshire College 8

Excellence in skills development 14 Information Scales and Ratios A plan or drawing cannot be drawn life-size therefore they are drawn to scale. This means that everything is measured and made smaller in the same way. A scale can be written in different ways.

It can be written as a ratio using the same units or as a statement using different units.

1 cm : 50 000 cm

or 1 : 50 000

1 cm : 500 m If you are using different units of measurement then you need to state the units being used. Maps use different scales and are generally less detailed, they are often on a scale like this. Use a ruler to measure the length

of the line that represents, for example 30 kilometres, and then use this scale to measure the distance on the map.

It is important that you check the scale very carefully before working out measurements or distances. Example

Scale 1 cm : 30 m

Map

Measurement Actual

Measurement Fenwick Street

4.5 cm

135 m

Med Street

2.2 cm

66 m

2D/3D AND SCALE LEVEL 2

MSS1/L2.10

©West Nottinghamshire College 9

Excellence in skills development 14 Exercise 6 Scales and Ratios

This is the ground floor of a house. Scale: 1 cm : 1.2 m 1) Using the scale, what is the actual internal width of the Lounge? 2) A shelf unit bought for the Lounge is 1.8 metres long. How long would this be on

the plan? 3) What is the actual length and width of the Dining Table? 4) What is the actual internal length of the Hall?

Width

Lounge

Kitchen

Hall

Dining Area

Table

2D/3D AND SCALE LEVEL 2

MSS2/L2.1 MSS1/L2.10

©West Nottinghamshire College 10

Excellence in skills development 14 Exercise 7 Plans and Elevations This is a net plan of a garden shed without the roof. A ruler is necessary for this exercise. 1) Fill in the missing dimensions marked, on the 2D plan. 2) Using the scale, as stated, calculate the actual: a) width of the door ____________ b) width of the windows ____________

SCALE 2 : 100 (2 cm = 1 m in this drawing.)

cm 7 cm

Back Front

cm cm

2D/3D AND SCALE LEVEL 2

MSS1/L2.10

©West Nottinghamshire College 11

Excellence in skills development 14 Exercise 8 Scales and Ratios Scale: 1 : 200 1) Here is a plan of the outdoor area of Babinos Play Centre.

Work out the actual:

a) length of the sandpit

b) width of the grassed area

c) width of the apparatus area

d) length of the entire outdoor area. 2) Jenny is thinking about ordering apparatus which covers a floor space measuring

8.75 metres by 8 metres. Will the actual apparatus fit on the allotted area according to the plan?

2D/3D AND SCALE LEVEL 2

MSS1/L2.10

©West Nottinghamshire College 12

Excellence in skills development 14 Exercise 9 Scales and Ratios 1) Complete the table below by measuring the shortest distance by road on the map

and then work out the actual distances.

From To Approx Miles

(to 1 d.p.) Port Riley (North) Middleton Lighthouse Highcliffe Port Riley (South) Horseshoe Bay Nortown Celtic Cross Celtic Cross Highcliffe

2) Write each of these scales as a ratio.

a) 1 centimetre to 1 metre

b) 1 centimetre to 50 kilometres

c) 1 millimetre to 5 kilometres