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1
Fundamentals and applications of an oscillatory flow meso-reactor
Mingzhi Zheng and Malcolm Mackley
Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Cambridge
16th Nov., 2006
2
Concept of meso-reactorD=50mm
d=5 mm
Scale- down
•Glass tube-easier to manufacture in small-scale compared with baffle-tube structure
•Easy to fit fit into laboratory fume cupboard
•Suitable for doing meso-scale pharmaceutical studies and small manufacturing of a few kilos of material
3
Experimental PIV and Fluent®Simulated flow patterns
Influence of St
Experiment Simulation
Reo=312, St=0.4 Reo=312, St=0.2
Experiment Simulation
4
RTD experiment set-up
fdf
Probe3
Probe1Dye Injection
Probe2
5
Experimental E-curves
Small DispersionRen=9, Reo=156, St=0.8
Large DispersionRen=9,Reo=438,St=0.11
E(t)-curve
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
time (s)
E(t)
MS1S2
Probe 1
Probe 2Probe 3
E(t)-curve
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.002
0.002
0.003
0.003
0.004
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
time (s)
E(t)
MS1S2
Probe 1
Probe 2
Probe 3
6
RTD Model fitting
7
Liquid-liquid mixing
Particles in suspension
8
Case study1: Homogeneous Liquid phase reaction
Crystal violet conc. VS. Time in stirred beaker
00.5
11.5
22.5
33.5
44.5
5
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
time(s)
c(m
g/L)
Crystal Violet conc. vs. Time in continuous meso-reactor
00.5
11.5
22.5
33.5
44.5
5
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Mean Residence time, t (s)(positions along the reactor at steady state)
conc
entr
atio
n(m
g/m
l)
Conversion of crystal violet (CA/CA0) at the end of meso-reactorExperiment measurement
Tanks-in-series model + batch reaction kinetics prediction
0.335 0.337
Crystal violet fading in sodium hydroxide
9
Case study 2: Liquid-liquid mixing reaction Biodiesel Production- Transesterification of triglycerides with alcohol
Biodiesel continuous operation in meso-reactorF=10 Hz, Xo=2.0 mm
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55Mean Residence Time (min)
w/w
%
Mon %Di %Tri %EU-MonEU-Di&Tri
Biodiesel batch operation in meso-reactorF=10 Hz, Xo=2 mm
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
0 10 20 30 40 50Time(min)
w/w
%
Mon
Di
Tri
EU-Mon
EU-Di&Tri
10
Case study 3: Precipitation reaction O
O OO O
O
O
O+ T B M E /5 0 C
F u ra n(6 8 .0 3 ) M a le ic a n h y d r id e
(9 8 .0 6 ) D ie ls A ld e r a d d u c t(1 6 6 )
D IE L S -A L D E R R E A C T IO N M O N IT O R E D B Y R E A C T IR
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Conclusion
• Fluid mechanics and Residence Time Distribution (RTD) in meso-reactor has been established.
• Proof of concept reaction has been successfully tested using continuous meso-reactor.
• The oscillatory flow meso-reactor is viable for ‘meso-scale’ continuous flow multiphase reactor.
12
Acknowledgements
•Prof. Malcolm Mackley •Polymer Fluid Group•Department of Chemistry in Cambridge
•Ley Group•Cambridge Overseas Trust