Future Developments

SWOT and User Needs Workshop, DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, 5-6 July 2006

HYRESSA - HYperspectral REmote Sensing in Europe specific Support Actions

Future Developments

A. Müller

German Aerospace Center



• Technology

• Trends in Application

• Campaigns and Applications in Europe

• GMES & Imaging Spectroscopy?

• EnMAP

Content



Scan Principles

a.) whiskbroom-Scanner

LineDetector

Folding MirrorScan Mirror

x y

ArrayDetector

Grid

Collimator

Aperture (Slit)

Front lensx

x y

1

n

Grid

Collimator

Aperture (Pinhole)

Front lens

1

n

b.) pushbroom-Scanner

Dispersive Element (e.g. Grating) Dispersive Element (e.g. Prism)

ARES, AHS, HyMap APEX, ROSIS

Courtesy of Dr. P. Strobl, DLR IMF-EV, now JRC

Technology



Sensor Technology

Technology

Rockwell et al : Array Detector Technology driven by Defense Activities

Sofradir: APEX Detector funded by ESA

AIM: EnMAP Detector funded by DLR

ELOP: In-house and external developments for dual use sensors

…….



• Portable

• Durable

• Low Power Consumption

Technology

Field Spectrometers



TechnologyOperationalisation of Ground Instruments



19981998Pre-wetPre-wet

19991999After cycloneAfter cyclone

20022002Pre-wetPre-wet

Environmental Monitoring

Courtesy of Cindy Ong, CSIRO

Campaigns And Applications



May 1999 May 2004 August 2004

Campaigns And Applications

Temporal Changes in Soil pH



Global Monitoring for Environment and Security

GMES

A p p l i c a t i o n sA p p l i c a t i o n s

G r o u n d S e g m e n tG r o u n d S e g m e n t

S p a c e S e g m e n tS p a c e S e g m e n t

Satellite Initiatives



European Satellites (for GMES)

Earth Explorer

Living Planet

Earth Watch

1. SAR

2. Superspectral

3. Ocean Monitoring

4. Atmosphere/Geo

5. Atmosphere/Polar

2011 - 20152001 - 2005 2006 - 2010

TerraSAR-X

Cosmo Skymed

Pleiades

Rapid Eye

SPOT Series

Science

Operational

EnvisatERS-1/2

N a

t i

o n

a l

IR Monitoring

Tandem-X and EnMAP

Sentinels




The EnMAP Mission

A German Hyperspectral

Satellite Mission

Environmental Monitoring and Analysis Programme




Scientific PI(GFZ)

Science Team

Space Segment(Industry PI)

Commercial Service Element

(GAF et. al.)

Mission Operation Segment (MOS)

(DLR GSOC)

Payload Ground Segment (PGS)

(DLR, C-AF)

Mission Advisory Board

Project Management(DLR Agency)

EnMAP Structure



EnMAP - Spectral Instrument Requirements

18/2*20 nm10 nm850 nm - 1030 nmIII

35/70 *10 nm 5/10 nm500 nm - 850 nmII

5020 nm10 nm1950 nm - 2450 nmII

1440 nm20 nm1480 nm - 1760 nmIb

4420 nm10 nm950 nm - 1390 nmIa

SWIR-range

420 nm20 nm420 nm - 500 nmI

VNIR-range

Number of bandstotal of 200

Spectral bandwidth (FWHM)

Spectral sampling interval

Spectral Performance Requirements

* Water/Land Mode – Water mode VNIR-I/II/III range only



EnMAP & other Optical EO-Sensors

Detailed assessments,monitoring with infrequent coverageAVIRIS

(from 20000 m)HyMapARES

(from 3000 m)

DAIS 7915reflective; from 3000 m

DAIS 7915thermal

TIMS(from 3200 m)

TM/ETM xs

HRG xs

HRG panLISS-1C ETM pan TM thermal

METEOSAT

AVHRR

MODISreflective

MODISthermal

MERISfull spatialresolution

MERISred spatialresolution

Large scale assessments,monitoring with frequent coverage

Spatial resolution (GSD in meter)

Num

ber

of s

pect

ral b

ands

1 10 100 1000 10 000

300

100

10

1

EnMAP

from space

ARES

reflective

thermal

IKONOS pan

Hyperion



Mission Principle

Pointing Range +/- 30°

2d SWIR Detector Array

950 nm < < 2450 nm

2d VNIR Detector Array

420 nm < < 1030 nm

SSO Orbit11:00 LTDN

n >10

00 p

ixel

n >10

00 p

ixel

Further Details in EURD & MRD

Ground Pixel Size (GSD): 30 m x 30 m

> 1000 Pixel for across Track Spatial Coverage = 30 km

Nadir Swat

h sam

pling

Swath s

amplin

g

Total Length > 5000 km/day

30 km Swath Width

Satellite Ground Track

EnMAP Satellite



Hyperspectral Imager

Spectral sampling interval

Spectral bandwidth (FWHM)

Number of bands

total of 218

VNIR-range (nm)

I 420 - 500 10 nm 10 nm 8

II 500 - 850 5/10 nm 5/10 nm 70/35

III 850 - 1030 10 nm 20 nm 18

SWIR-range

Ia 950 - 1390 10 nm 10 nm 44

Ib 1480 - 1760 10 nm 10 nm 28

II 1950 - 2450 10 nm 10 nm 50



Orbit & Coverage



EnMAP Satellite Architecture

– Structural & Thermal (new P/L)

– Solar Panel (higher power)– Mass Memory (512 Gbit)– X-Band D/L (higher power

& rate)– Avionics SW

• SAR-Lupe Bus design heritage

Modifications

EnMAP



Mission Elements

EnMAPData Acquisition

StationNeustrelitz

EnMAPData Acquisition

StationNeustrelitz

Mission Operation Segment

(MOS)

Mission Operation Segment

(MOS)

PrimaryProcessing &

Archiving CentreDLR

PrimaryProcessing &

Archiving CentreDLR

EnMAP Operations Support

DLR

EnMAP Operations Support

DLR

International EnMAP User CommunityInternational EnMAP User Community

DataDelivery

EnMAP Ground Segment

LEOPNetworkLEOP

Network

DataRequest

EnMAP Space Segment (Satellite)

X-BandStation

S-BandStation

HyperspectralInstrument

HyperspectralInstrument

SatelliteBus

SatelliteBus

LauncherLauncher

DLR-GSOC (MOS)

DLR-DFD (PGS)



EnMAP Processing System

ATCOR/MIPatmospheric correction

Level 1 Product

ORTHOdirect georeferencing

System Correction &Radiometric Calibration

Level 0 Product

GEOKORRautomated geolocation

Level 2 Product

Laboratory Calibration (radiometric and spectral), Vicarious Validation

Attitude Data, Position Data, DEM

Radiative Transfer Model,Atmospheric Variables,Topographic Variables

Level 2a Product

Level 2a+ ProductReference Image

raw data

at-sensor radiance data

ortho-rectified atm. corrected data

Level 2b Product

ortho-rectified data (100m accuracy)

co-located image

Atm. corrected data

optional



ATCOR: Cloud Shadow Removal

HyMap, Chinchon, Spain,

12 July 2003 RGB=878/646/462 nm



EnMAP Status and Schedule

• Phase A successfully completed (9/2005)

• Mission selected for realisation (4/2006)

• Currently: Preparation for Phase B (allocation of budget finalised!)

• Start of Phase B in 10/2006

• Start of Phase C/D: end 2007

• Launch date: end 2010



Messages

• Spread the messages!– Hyperspectral techniques provide quantitative

information– Go to conferences outside the RS community!

• Involve your data provider!– In proposals– Include budget!– Plan early



Introduction

• Please shortly introduce the application of hyperspectral data in geo-/bio-sciences– E.g. description of the working field of

geo-/bio-sciences

• Please indicate the relation of the speaker to the topic



Application

Please give a description of the application of hyperspectral data in geo-/bio-sciences, with emphasis on the following aspects: – Often used parameters, derived products, etc.– Purpose of these applications– Methods used for these applications



Examples

Please give a few examples of the application of hyperspectral data in geo-/bio-sciences, with emphasis on what is going well and what are the problems.



Developments

Please give a short overview of current/planned developments of applications of hyperspectral data and why these developments are necessary– E.g. development of new applications– E.g. development of improved applications



Discussion Points

Please formulate 5-10 questions, statements and/or discussion points to initiate the discussion. Think of open ends, problems etc. concerning applications of hyperspectral data.

Documents

Future Developments