g Drug Study

8/13/2019 g Drug Study

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DRUG STUDY

MEDICATION(include dosage,

route & frequency)

DRUGCLASSIFICATION

INDICATIONMECHANISM OF

ACTION

SIDEEFFECTS/ADVERSE

REACTIONS

NURSINGRESPONSIBILITIES

CONTRAINDICATIONS AND CAUTIONS

Cefuroxime

750 mgIVTTq 8h

2nd

generationcephalosporin

Serious lowerrespiratory tractinfection

skin infections bone infection. Perioperative

prevention UTI

Inhibits cell wallsynthesizing ,

promoting osmoticinstability; usually

bactericidal.

CV: Phlebitis,thrombophlebitisGI: diarrhea,pseudomembranous colitis, NVHematologic:hemolytic anemia,thrombocytopenia,

transientneutropenia.Skin:maculopapular anderythematousrashes, urticaria,induration, sterileabscesses, temp.elevation.Other: anaphylaxis

1.Obtain culture andsensitivity testbefore giving firstdose.2. Tell patient totake drug asprescribed, evenafter he feels better

3. Instruct bpatientto notify prescriberabout rash, loosestools, diarrhea, orevidence ofsuperinfection.4. Advise patient toreport discomfort atI.V. insertion site.5.

*Contraindicated ipatientshypersensitive tdrug or othecephalosporins.*Use cautiously ipatrientshypersensitive tpenicillin,breastfeedingwomen, hx of colitiand renainsufficiency.


2/9

DRUG STUDY


route & frequency)

DRUGCLASSIFICATION


ACTION

SIDEEFFECTS/ADVERSE

REACTIONS



Ranitidine

50 mgIVTTq 8h

H2 receptorantagonist

Active duodenaland gastriculcer.

GERD Pathologic

hypersecretoryconditions ( e.g.ZES)

Competitivelyinhibits action ofthe histamine on

the H2 at receptorsites of parietal

cells, decreasinggastric acidsecretion.

CNS: headache,malaise, vertigo.EENT: blurredvision.Hepatic: jaundice.Other: anaphylaxis,angioedema,burning and itchingat insertion site.

Assess patientfor abdominalpain. Notepresence ofblood in emesis,stool or gastricaspirate.

Urge patient toavoid cigarettesmokingbecause thismay increasegastric acidsecretion andworsen disease.

Instruct patientnot to take drugw/ antacid-interferesabsorption.

*Contraindicated ipatientshypersensitive t

drug and those wacute porphyria..*Use cautiously ipatients w/ hepatidysfunction..


3/9

DRUG STUDY


route & frequency)

DRUGCLASSIFICATION


ACTION

SIDEEFFECTS/ADVERSE

REACTIONS



Paracetamol500 mg

IVTTPRN

Paraaminophenolderivative (nonopioid analgesicsand antipyretic)

Mild pain orfever.

Thought to produceanalgesia byblocking painimpulses by

inhibiting synthesisof prostaglandin in

the CNS or of othersubstances thatsensitize painreceptors to

stimulation. Thedrug may relieve

fever throughcentral action in thehypothalamic heat-regulating center.

Hematologic:hemolyticanemia,leukopenia,

neutropenia,pancytopenia. Hepatic:

jaundice. Metabolic:

hypoglycemia. SSkin: rash,

urticaria.

Advise patientthat drug is onlyfor short termuse.

Warn patientthat high doses

or long term useof drug cancause liverdamage.Excessivealcohol use mayincrease the riskof liver damage.

Contraindicatedin patientshypersensitiveto drug.

Use cautiously

to patients w/long termalcohol usebecausetherapeuticdoses causehepatotoxicity ithese patients.


4/9

DRUG STUDY


route & frequency)

DRUGCLASSIFICATION


ACTION

SIDEEFFECTS/ADVERSE

REACTIONS



Tetanus toxoid0.5 cc

IMonce

Vaccine

Primaryimmunization toprevent tetanus.

Booster dose toprevent tetanus.

Postexposureprevention oftetanus.

Promotes immunityto tetanus by

inducing antitoxinproduction.

CNS: seizures,slight fever,headache,malaise.

CV:tachycartdia,hypotension,flushing.

Musculoskeletal:aches, pains.

Skin: erythema,induration,nodule atinjection site,urticaria,pruritus.

Other:anaphylaxis,chills.

Obtain history of

allergies andreaction toimmunization.

Determine dateof last tetanusimmunization.

Keepepinephrine 1:1000 available totreatanaphylaxis.

Advise patient toavoid using hot

or coldcompresses atinjection site;this mayincreaseseverity of localreaction.

Instruct patientto reportpersistent orsevere adversereactions.

Advise patient of

proper fever-reducing drugdose for feverreaction.

Contraindicatio:- immunosup

essedpatients

- immunoglobulinabormalities

- severehypersensitivity orneurologicreactions totoxoid or itsingredients.

- Thrombocytpenia /coagulationdisorders.

- Poliooutbreaks.


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Tell the patientthat nodule atinjection sitemay be presentfor a few weeks.


6/9

DRUG STUDY


route & frequency)

DRUGCLASSIFICATION


ACTION

SIDEEFFECTS/ADVERSE

REACTIONS



Tramadol

hydrochloride50 mgIVTTq 8h

Synthetic, centrallyactive analgesic

Moderate tomoderatelysevere pain

Unknown. Acentrally acting

synthetic analgesiccompound not

chemically relatedto opioids. Thought

to bind to opioidreceptors and

inhibit reuptake ofnorepinephrine and

serotonin.

CNS: dizziness,vertigo, hadche,somnolence,seizure, anxiety.

CV: vasodilation EENT: visual

disturbances GI: constipation,

NV, abdominalpain, dry mouth.

GU: proteinuria,

urinaryfrequency, urineretention.

MUSCULOSKELETAL:hypertonia.

RESPI:respiratorydepression.

Skin:diaphoresis,pruritus, rash.

Reasses

patients level ofpain at least 30mins. Afteradmin.

Monitor CV andrespiratorystatus. Withholddose and notifyprescriber if RRis below 12 cpm.

For betteranalgesic effect,give drug before

onset of intensepain.

Reduce druggradually topreventwithdrawalsymptoms.

Tell the patientto take drug asprescribed andnot to increasedose or dosageinterval unlessordered byprescriber.

Contraindicatio

-Hypersensitve to drug oother opiods

- Breastfeedingwomen.

- Acuteintoxicationfrom alcohohypnotics,centrallyactinganalgesics,

opioids orpsychotropidugs.

Caution:- At risk for

seizure orrespiratorydepression

- IncreasedICP (headinjury)

- Acuteabdominalconditions

- Renal/hepatic


7/9

impairment.

DRUG STUDY


route & frequency)

DRUGCLASSIFICATION


ACTION

SIDEEFFECTS/ADVERSE

REACTIONS




8/9

Lactolose30 cc

IMq HS

DRUG STUDY


route & frequency)

DRUGCLASSIFICATION


ACTION

SIDEEFFECTS/ADVERSE

REACTIONS




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Documents

g Drug Study