GALILEO GALILEI

Galileo Galilei(Italian pronunciation:[alilo alili]; 15 February 1564 8 January 1642), was anItalianastronomer,physicist,engineer,philosopher, andmathematician[4]who played a major role in thescientific revolutionduring theRenaissance. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest scientists of all time. His achievements include improvements to thetelescopeand consequent astronomical observations and support forCopernicanism. Galileo has been called the "father of modernobservational astronomy",and the "father of modernphysics",and "the father of modern science".His contributions to observational astronomy include the telescopic confirmation of thephases of Venus, the discovery of the four largest satellites ofJupiter(named theGalilean moonsin his honour), and the observation and analysis ofsunspots. Galileo also worked in applied science and technology, inventing an improvedmilitary compassand other instruments.ALBERT EINSTEIN

Albert Einstein(/lbrtantan/;German:[albrt antan]; 14 March 1879 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical. He developed thegeneral theory of relativity, one of the two pillars ofmodern physics(alongside quantum).Einstein's work is also known for its influence on thephilosophy of science.[4][5]Einstein is best known in popular culture for hismassenergy equivalenceformulaE=mc2(which has been dubbed "the world's most famous equation").[6]He received the 1921Nobel Prize in Physicsfor his "services to theoretical physics", in particular his discovery of the law of thephotoelectric effect, a pivotal step in the evolution ofquantum theory

ISAAC NEWTON

Sir Isaac NewtonPRSMP25 December 1642 20 March1726/7) was anEnglishphysicistandmathematician(described in his own day as a "natural philosopher") who is widely recognized as one of the most influential scientists of all time and as a key figure in thescientific revolution. His bookPhilosophi Naturalis Principia Mathematica("Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy"), first published in 1687, laid the foundations forclassical mechanics. Newton made seminal contributions tooptics, and he shares credit withGottfried Leibnizfor the development ofcalculus.

ARCHIMEDES

Archimedes of Syracusec.287BCc.212BC) was anAncient Greekmathematician, physicist,engineer,inventor, andastronomer.[2]Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientistsinclassical antiquity.Generally considered the greatest mathematician of antiquity and one of the greatest of all time,[3][4]Archimedes anticipated moderncalculusandanalysisby applying concepts ofinfinitesimalsand themethod of exhaustionto derive and rigorously prove a range ofgeometricaltheorems, including theareaof acircle, thesurface areaandvolumeof asphere, and the area under parabola.Other mathematical achievements include deriving an accurate approximation ofpi, defining and investigating thespiral bearing his name, and creating a system usingexponentiationfor expressing very large numbers. He was also one of the first to apply mathematics to physical phenomena, foundinghydrostaticsandstatics, including an explanation of the principle of thelever. He is credited with designing innovativemachines, such as hisscrew pump,compound pulleys, and defensive war machines to protect his nativeSyracusefrom invasion.

ALFREDO C. SANTOS

On August 15, 1900, Alfredo C. Santos,a pharmacist who discovered a medicine for high blood pressure, was born in Sto. Tomas, Pampanga.Dr. Santos, who devoted his career on the study of the chemistry of natural products and the properties of Philippine medicinal plants, served for 45 years in various capacities at the University of the Philippines (UP) until he retired in 1965 as Dean of the College of Pharmacy. After his stint at the UP, Dr. Santos continued to do research at the University of Santo Tomas Research Center and the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST).