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Gathering of State NetworksFebruary 6, 2002
IP VIDEO ISSUES
IP VIDEO ISSUES AGENDA
BACKGROUND QUALITY OF SERVICE (QoS)CODECSGATEKEEPERS/GATEWAYSDIAL PLAN DIRECTORY SERVICES
BACKGROUND
TWO-WAY INTERACTIVE VIDEO– ATM VIDEO (H.321) 1998
– ISSUES• COST OF END POINT EQUIPMENT
• DESKTOP EQUIPMENT COST
• CURRENTLY – 165 ENDPOINTS ON NETWORK
• FOR CONVERGED NETWORKS ONLY GAME IN TOWN
BACKGROUND
H.323 – IP VIDEO 1999– PRODUCTS AVAILABLE– IP ACCESS ALREADY IN PLACE– COSTS OF ENDPOINTS MUCH CHEAPER– MORE DESKTOP SOLUTIONS
AVAILABLE
ISDN
Workstation
Workstation
Workstation
H.323 VideoTerminal
H.320 VideoTerminal
H.321 VideoTerminal
BRI, PRIor V.35
IOS BasedGatekeeper/Proxy MCU's
VideoGateway
Courtesy Cisco Systems, Inc.
VideoInfrastructure
GG
ITNNETWORK
BACKGROUND
MCU TESTING – FALL 1999– Accord , Ezenia, Radvision
• Operability issues
• Performance
– CONCLUSION: TECHNOLOGY TOO IMMATURE FOR A RELIABLE PRODUCTION IMPLEMENTATION
BACKGROUND
H.323 – IP VIDEO 2001– MCU TESTING – FALL 2000
RESULT: THEY ACTUALLY WORK!!
– RECOMMENDATION: Accord MGC 100
NEED TO LOOK AT THE VARIOUS ISSUES AND COMPONENTS NEEDED TO IMPLEMENT H.323 ON THE NETWORK – IP VIDEO TASK FORCE
ISDN
Workstation
Workstation
Workstation
H.323 VideoTerminal
H.320 VideoTerminal
H.321 VideoTerminal
BRI, PRIor V.35
IOS BasedGatekeeper/Proxy MCU's
VideoGateway
Courtesy Cisco Systems, Inc.
VideoInfrastructure
ITNNETWORK
GG
QoS (Quality of Service)
What is QoS– Set of techniques to manage network resources
in a manner which enables the network to differentiate traffic based on policy
Why implement QoS– Provide reliable and guaranteed delivery of
service to users– Bandwidth is not the complete solution
Quality of Service
Challenges providing QoS for IP video– Head of line blocking (HOLB)– IP video uses UDP (universal datagram
protocol) for transport of video and only
uses TCP for control data – can’t resend lost video packets
– Video uses large, variable length packets
Video Conferencing Traffic Packet Size Breakdown
37%1025-1518 Bytes
20%513-1024 Bytes
34%129-256 Bytes
1%65-128 Bytes
8%257-512 Bytes
384 kbps Video Call
Courtesy Cisco Systems Inc.
Video Data Rate + 20% = Bandwidth RequiredVideo Data Rate + 20% = Bandwidth Required
128kbps = 153kbps
384kbps = 460kbps
512kbps = 614kbps
768kbps = 921kbps
1.5Mbps = 1.8Mbps
Video Voice Data Routingetc.
Video Data RateBW Required
Provisioning
< 33% of Link Capacity< 33% of Link Capacity
< 75% of Link Capacity
Link CapacityLink Capacity
“Recommendations”
Courtesy Cisco Systems Inc.
CODECs
ISDN
Workstation
Workstation
Workstation
H.323 VideoTerminal
H.320 VideoTerminal
H.321 VideoTerminal
BRI, PRIor V.35
IOS BasedGatekeeper/Proxy
MCU's
VideoGateway
Courtesy Cisco Systems, Inc.
VideoInfrastructure
ITNNETWORK
GG
Requirements
That a vendor have both a desktop (PC based) and a room system in their product line
Support interoperabilityEase of SupportFinancial considerations
What We Looked At
Cameras (Fixed and Pan/Tilt/Zoom)Appliance basedPC basedEase of installationEase of configurationChair ControlFar end camera controlMCU capabilityQoS
Types of Codecs Tested
Room Systems– Polycom– VCON– VTEL– Tandberg
Types of Codecs Tested cont’d
Desktop Systems (PC Based)– Polycom– VCON
Recommendations
Room Systems– Polycom Viewstation FX (Appliance Based)– VCON Media Connect 8000 (PC Based)
Desktop Systems (PC Based)– Polycom ViaVideo– VCON ViGO, Crusier & Escort
GATEKEEPERS
The Brains of an H.323 System
ISDN
Workstation
Workstation
Workstation
H.323 VideoTerminal
H.320 VideoTerminal
H.321 VideoTerminal
BRI, PRIor V.35
IOS BasedGatekeeper/Proxy MCU's
VideoGateway
Courtesy Cisco Systems, Inc.
VideoInfrastructure
GG
ITNNETWORK
Difference between Gatekeepers and Gateways
Gatekeeper– IP based
– Address Resolution – Layer 3
– Bandwidth Management• Call Admission Control
(CAC)
– Call forwarding
– Technology Prefixes
– Exist in hierarchies
Gateway– Can transcode
between ISDN, ATM and IP
– Address Resolution – Layer 2
Limitations of Gatekeepers
4 Levels of HierarchiesCan have no more than 6 Forwarded
Location Requests (LRQ)
IP Video Gatekeeper Hierarchy
Institutional Gatekeepers– 2 levels of hierarchy
Zone = Area Code Gatekeepers placed at current network
nodesITN Directory Gatekeeper
DIAL PLAN
To DID or Not to DID?
Why Do We Need A Dial Plan?
To support legacy ISDN and ATM codecsTo enable a seamless connection between
codecs in various parts of the state.To let people off net to be able to call IP
codecs on net (Inbound calls)USER FRIENDLY
ITN Dial Plan
E[*T]ZZZNNNNNNN
E = Exit Zone Prefix. “1”*T = Technology Prefix (Optional)ZZZ = Area CodeNNNNNNN = Seven digit E.164 number
Technology Prefixes
Used for making off net calls to ISDN codecs
*9 – Single channel voice only call*6 – 6-B 64 KB ISDN call or 384 kbps*2 – 2-B 64 KB ISDN call or 128 kbps*3 – 2-B 64 KB ISDN restricted to 56 KB
call or 112 kbps
Muncie
Fort Wayne
Portage
South Bend
Lafayette
Evansville
Bloomington
Columbus
Louisville
GGGatekeeper
GGGatekeeper
GGGatekeeper
GGGatekeeper
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GG
InstitutionalGatekeeper
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InstitutionalSub-gatekeeper
GInstitutional
Sub-gatekeeper
G
InstitutionalGatekeeper
G
InstitutionalSub-gatekeeper
GInstitutionalSub-gatekeeper
G
Main DirectoryGatekeeper
Cluster
Client Terminal
Client Terminal
Institution’s ClientTerminal
GGGatekeeper
Institution’s ClientTerminal
InstitutionalGatekeeper
G
InstitutionalSub-gatekeeper
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G
Client Terminal
Client Terminal
Client Terminal
Client Terminal
219
574
260
765
317
812
ISDN
Workstation
Workstation
Client(IP)
Client(IP)
Gatekeeper
Accord MCUIP
ISDNATM
48 Ports
Ezenia MCUISDNATM
32 Ports
RadvisionGatew ay
Radvision3510MCU
317317317
xxx-xxxxxxx-xxxxxxx-xxxx
Gatekeeper
Gatekeeper
Gatekeeper
PRI Circuit 107
PRI Circuit 108
PR
I C
ircu
it 1
05
PR
I C
ircu
it 1
06
Ne
w P
RI
Cir
cu
it
IHETS Cross-
TechnologyTopology
1. Current PRI circuit 107and 108. This cirucithandles incoming andoutgoing ATM - ISDN.
2. Circuit 105 and 106 tobe reassigned fromMultilink to Accord.
4. Additional PRI to beprovisioned for InboundISDN - IP. This allows forthree simotaneous point topoint calls.
3. Multipoint conferencesthat include ISDN will berouted to the Accordbridge.
IHETS MainDirectory GK
ClusterCircuit 107 & 108
Circuit 105 & 106New Circuit to beprovisioned
VIDEOS E
RVER
MCS
V-Ga te
V-Gate
V-Ga te
V-Gate
I2
Internet
RAS
RA
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ATM connectionto ITNIP connection toITN
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ITN
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Common Failures of Video Calls Within the ITN Network
Unit has not been rebooted for several daysPC NIC is not set for 100 Mbps – Full DuplexLAN is not set for 100 Mbps – Full DuplexVideo call is not set up through a gatekeeperGatekeeper not properly configuredWAN is not set for 100 Mbps – Full Duplex
Common Failures of Video Calls Outside the ITN Network
ISDN Cloud Internet CloudWAN is not set for 100 Mbps – Full DuplexGatekeeper not properly configuredVideo call is not set up through a gatekeeperLAN is not set for 100 Mbps – Full DuplexPC NIC is not set for 100 Mbps – Full DuplexUnit has not been rebooted for several daysLAN is not set for 100 Mbps – Full Duplex
Directory Services
How Do I Find You
Two types of Directories
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol - LDAP
Click To Meet
LDAP
Contains information on endpointsRuns on Unix platformCan connect to a global directory serviceDoes not connect to gatekeepersWill interact with First Virtual
Communications Click To Meet in future versions
Click To Meet - CTM
Designed specifically for multimedia applications
Works with VTEL, TANDBERG, VCON, POLYCOM, PICTURETEL and ACCORD
Works with ISDN, ATM and IP protocolsCan schedule calls in advanceT.120 application sharing and whiteboards
CTM – Cont’d
Continuous presence built inWill handle streaming mediaSupports firewall NAT/proxy/VPN
transversalConnects to a gatekeeperSupport for Active Directory December
2001Subsequent versions will have native
LDAP support
Dialing Made Simple
Courtesy First Virtual Communications, Inc.
Scheduling Made Simple
Courtesy First Virtual Communications, Inc.
Recommendation
First Virtual Communications Click To Meet for use as directory services for ITN
IP Video Task Force Members
Vern Draper, BSUFred Nay, BSU, Co-ChairMike Huffman, DOEAlan Benjamin, DoITTim Holt, INCOLSAGerry Oliver, ISU Jeff Steinmiller, ISUSteve Egyhazi, IUDoug Pearson, IUArt Mahan, Ind. Wesleyan
IP Video Task Force Members
Brain Stone, IMCPL Jason Whiteaker, ITSC Jerry Sullivan, IntelinetChad Miller, IntelinetMichael Gay, Purdue UniversityDon Kindred, Purdue UniversityPat Smoker, Purdue UniversityEd Stanish, Purdue UniversityWayne Bohm, USITim Lockridge, USI
IP Video Task Force Members
Carl Koenig, Vincennes UniversityRon Dekoker, IHETSDave Kaufman, IHETSTony McClelland, IHETSKevin Siminski, IHETSAlan Stillerman, IHETSEd Stockey, IHETS, Co-ChairMarty Stricker, IHETS
IP Video Task Force Dial-Plan Committee Members
Vern Draper, BSU Fred Nay, BSU Steve Egyhazi, IU Michael Gay, Purdue University Earle Nay, Purdue Unviersity Ron DeKoker, IHETS Tony McClelland, IHETS Kevin Siminski, IHETS Shawn Solomon, IHETS Alan Stillerman, IHETS, Chair Ed Stockey, IHETS
