Selective Breeding Selective Breeding is the technique of
allowing only those animals with desired characteristics to produce
the next generation. Can you think of a time when humans actually
use selective breeding?? Nearly all domestic animals, crops This
can lead to inbreeding and less genetic variety and disorders and
early death To increase genetic variation---introduce
mutations
Slide 4
The Super Cow Reflect on what you just saw. 3-5 sentences. What
do you think? Is it right? Can you see this used in other ways?
What are the benefits? Disadvantages?
Slide 5
DNA Identification Except for Identical Twins, no 2 people in
the world are exactly alike genetically. The majority of human DNA
is the same. Only about.1% of our DNA varies by individual.
Slide 6
Steps in DNA Identification 1.Copying DNA via Polymerase Chain
Reaction or PCR a)Often you only have a small amount of DNA (ie
crime scene) so you need to copy it 2.Cutting DNA with restriction
enzymes a)To cut long DNA molecules biologists use bacterial
proteins or restriction enzymes to cut out certain sequences
Slide 7
Steps in DNA Identification 3. Sorting DNA by size a)DNA
fragments can be studied with GEL ELECTROPHORESIS, which separated
DNA by size and charge. b)This creates a DNA fingerprint, unique to
the individual c)Video ClipVideo Clip 4.Comparing DNA 4.Using the
DNA fingerprint scientists can produce the odds that 2 people will
have the same DNA fingerprint only about 1 in 100 billion (and
there are only 6.5 billion people on Earth).
Slide 8
Slide 9
Recombinant DNA The process of altering genetic material is
called GENETIC ENGINEERING. RECOMBINANT DNA results when DNA from 2
different organisms are joined. Example of Recombinant
DNAscientists inserted a jellyfish gene (for a fluorescent green
glow) into a zebra fish to see blood vessels develop. Video Clip6
facts Video Clip
Slide 10
Slide 11
Cloning GENETIC ENGINEERING has allowed biologists to study how
genes function and then manipulate them. In the 1990s scientists
began cloning whole organisms or CLONING BY NUCLEAR TRANSFER. They
introduce a nucleus of a body cell into an egg cell to generate an
organism identical to the donor. Dolly, a sheep, was the first
successful clone in 1996. Video
Slide 12
Stem Cells Brainpop!
Slide 13
Genetic Engineering and Food Genetic Engineering with plants is
called genetically modified (GM) crops. GM crops are more tolerant
of weather conditions (frost, drought), resistant to herbicides,
increase the amount of the crop produced, resistant to disease,
improved nutritional value of foods
Slide 14
Genetic Engineering and your Food 1.You dont want to sound like
these people!You dont want to sound like these people! 2.GMOs While
you watch make a chart of benefits and possible controversies.GMOs
3.ChartBenefits and Controversies 4.Opinion Paragraph
Slide 15
Designer Babies Issues and Decisions Worksheet Extra Credit
OpportunitiesDue before Spring Break. Watch one or both of the
following movies, Trailers!: Gattaca or My Sisters Keeper 2 page,
typed, report on the film Report should include a summary of the
storyline and how it ties into Genetics and Designer Babies Report
also needs to be signed by a parent, verifying that you did indeed
watch and have permission to watch the movie
Slide 16
Genetic Science Ethics Survey 1.As a table group, read each
scenario aloud. 2.On a separate sheet of paper (each person has
their own), Mark your choice. Then mark the groups majority rules
decision. 3.Complete the final discussion at the end of the
papereach person should write their own paragraph.
Slide 17
Bioethics Group Reports 1.In your table groups read your
scenario, read the questions. 2.Read your designated chapters.
3.Answer the questions. 4.Prepare a presentation to the class on
your scenario. 1.Explain the scenario. 2.Go over the questions and
answers. 3.Provide a visual (pictures, vocab, charts, pros/cons)
5.Present to the class