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The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
1 Copyright 2015 by Steven Horne and The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
Epigen'csandCons'tu'onWithStevenHorne,RH(AHG)
Gene'cMythsandLegends• Scien'stsoncethought
thatfactorslikeintelligence,talentandgoodhealthweredeterminedbygene'cs
• Sciencefic'onwriterswroteaboutgene'cally-enhancedhumanswithincreasedintelligence,healthandstrength
• Turnsoutgene'csdoesn’tworkthatway
UnderstandingGenes• Genesareblueprintsforthecrea'onofproteins,thebuildingblocksofcellularstructureandprocesses
• ThebodyusesDNAtocreateRNA
• RNAthencreatessequencesofaminoacidsthatbecomeproteins
DNA• DNAconsistsofstringsof
Deoxyribose(asugar)aOachedtoaNucleicAcid
• Thereareonlyfourtypes:– Adenine(A)– Cystosine(C)– Guanine(G)– Thymine(T)
• Eachcanonlybondtooneothertype:– A-T– T-A– C-G– G-C
DNAReplica'on• DNAcanbereplicatedbecauseifyouseparatethetwostrands,eachnucleicacidcanonlymatchwithoneother
• Enzymesystemspreventmismatchessothatanexactcopyiscreated
Illustration from Wikipedia
RNA• RNAissimilartoDNAbutusesabaseofthesugarribosetoaOachthenucleicacids
• Thenucleicacidthymineisreplacedwithuricile(u)
• DNAisusedtocreateRNAwhichisthentransportedtoribosomeswhereitisusedtocreateproteins
Blausen.com staff. "Blausen gallery 2014". Wikiversity Journal of Medicine. DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 20018762. (Own work) [CC-BY-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
2 Copyright 2015 by Steven Horne and The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
RNAandAminoAcids• Eachsequenceofthreenucleicacidscodesforadifferentaminoacid– UUU,UUC=phenylalanine– AUG=Methionine– GUU,GUC,GUA,GUG=Valine– UCU,UCC,UCA,UCG=Serine– UAU,UAC=Tyrosine
CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/)], via Wikimedia Commons
Reading the Genes
• Each “link” of an RNA chain is coded to attach a specific amino acid to a polypeptide chain
• This takes place in ribosomes within the cell
Illustration from Wikipedia
AminoAcidChart
Illustration from Wikipedia
ProteinStructure• Thechainofaminoacids
createdfromtheRNAcollapsesintoathreedimensionalshape
• Thiscreatestheproteinthatbecomespartofthecellsstructureandfunc'on
• Aselectricalchargesarechanged,theproteinshapecanbealtered
• Proteinscalledenzymescanalsoalterotherchemicals
Illustration from Wikipedia
GenesandProteins• Beforethehumangenome
project,scien'stses'matedtherewereabout120,000genes,oneforeachproteininthehumanbody
• Instead,theyfoundtherewereonlyabout25,000genes
• Plus,98%ofthegenesdon’tcodeforproteins
IntroducingEpigene'cs• Thematerialthatisabovethegenesiscalledtheepigenome
• Theepigenomeislargerthanthegenesthemselves
• Epigene'cmarkerscanturngenesonoroff,orup-regulateordown-regulatethem
• Theepigenomecontrolshowgenesareu'lizedbythecell
The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
3 Copyright 2015 by Steven Horne and The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
CellDifferen'a'on• Everycellofthebodycontains
thegene'cmaterialforthewholebody
• Cellsindifferent'ssuesusedifferentpor'onsofthegene'ccodethatgivethemtheirspecializedfunc'ons
• Thisisregulatedbyepigene'cs
EnvironmentDeterminesHowGenesManifest
• The“brain”ofthecellisthecellmembrane
• Thecellmembranereadstheenvironment,thenu'lizesthegenestomaketheproteinsrequiredtodealwiththatenvironment
• Epigene'cresearchsuggeststhatdiet,lifestyleandevenourthoughtsandfeelingsinfluencegene'cexpression
“When I provided a healthy environment for my cells they thrived; when the environment
was less than optimal , the cells faltered. When I adjusted the environment, these
“sick” cells revitalized.”
“But most cell biologists knew nothing of this wisdom of tissue culture techniques. And scientists moved sharply away from
considering environmental influences after [discovering] DNA’s genetic code.”
—Bruce H. Lipton, Ph.D. in The Biology of Belief
NatureorNurture• Areourpersonalitytraits,
abili'esandphysicalaOributes:– Nature(gene'c)– Nurture(environmentalinfluences)
• Turnsoutit’sacombina'onofboth
• WecanmodifygeneexpressionforbeOerorforworseANDpassthesemodifica'onsontofuturegenera'ons
AModelofDiseaseandCure
Disease(Symptoms)
Constitution(Genetics)
Environment
Remedy
“When a gene product is needed, a signal from the environment… activates
that gene”
—H. F. Nijhout in Metaphors and the Role of Genes and Development
The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
4 Copyright 2015 by Steven Horne and The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
Epigene'cRegulators• DietandNutri'on• Lifestyle– Exercise– Educa'onandTraining– ChoiceofAc'vi'es
• Chemicals• MentalAatude• Emo'onalState• Beliefs
EnvironmentalTriggers• Environmentalinfluencescantriggerepigene'cchangesthatcause“inherited”diseasestomanifest
• Thesetriggerscaninclude:– Trauma'clifeevents– Nutri'onaldeficiencies– Exposuretotoxins– Poorhealthhabits
ExampleOne:Cancer• Certaingeneskeepcellsfrom
becomingcancerous• Histonescanturnthesegenes
offcausingthecelltomutateandbecomecancerous
• Foodslikebroccoliandothercruciferousvegetables,garlic,andonionscontainsubstancesthatactashistoneinhibitors
• Thishelpskeepthesecancer-blockinggenesac've
ExampleTwo:MentalHealth• Abuseandtraumaappearto
createepigene'cchangesinbraincells
• Forinstance,theymayaffectDNAmethyla'onpaOerns,whichcancauseover-orunder-methyla'onincells
• Theseepigene'cchangescanalterbrainchemistry,causingmentalillnesseslikedepressionorschizophrenia
• Theycanalsocreategeneralpoorhealth,somethingthatofenhappenstoadultswhoexperiencedabuseaschildren
RatStudy• RatswhoreceivedagreatdealofphysicalaOen'on(lickingandcuddling)asbabiesproducedmorereceptorsforcor'solinthebrain
• Thismeansthatthefeedbackloopsinthestressresponseactfastertoshutofftheproduc'onofstresshormones,helpingtherodentstofeelcalmerinstressfulsitua'on
• RatswhodidnotreceivethisaOen'onproducedlesscor'solreceptors,whichcausedthemtosufferfromhigherlevelsofanxietyasadultmice
Nutri'onandEpigene'cs• Methyla'onisusedto
deac'vategenes• Forinstance,epigene'c
changescancausesomepeopletoover-methylateandotherstounder-methylate
• Theymayalsocausethebodytohavedifficultyprocessingindividualnutrients
• Thisiswhynodietorsupplementworksforeveryone
The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
5 Copyright 2015 by Steven Horne and The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
Epigene'cExperiment• Twogroupsofpregnantmicewiththeagou'genethatproduces
yellowfurandatendencyforobesityanddiabetesmiceyellowcoats
• OnereceivedadietrichinBvitamins(folicacidandvitaminB12)• Theothergroupofgene'callyiden'calpregnantmicegotno
extraprenatalnutri'on• Bvitaminsactedasmethyldonors:theycausedmethylgroupsto
aOachmorefrequentlytotheagou'geneinutero,therebyalteringitsexpression.
• B-vitamingroupproducedhealthybrownmiceofnormalweightwithnopropensitytodiabetes.
– hOp://www.'me.com/'me/health/ar'cle/0,8599,1951968-2,00.html
Methyla'onSymptomsOvermethyla'on
• Obsessivethoughtswithoutcompulsiveac'ons
• Hairybody(hirsu'sm)• Lowlibido• Lowmo'va'oninschool• Non-compe''ve• Talka've;highar's'cability• Noseasonalallergies;
an'histamineintolerance• Highanxiety• Foodandchemicalsensi'vity• Adversereac'onstoSAMe,
SSRIan'depressants
Undermethyla'on• Obsessive-compulsive;
ritualis'cbehaviors• Sparsebodyhair• Highlibido• Strongwilled• Compe''veingamesand
sports• Perfec'onis'c• Seasonalallergies• Phobias• Addic'vetendencies• Highfluidproduc'on(saliva,
tears)
Methyla'onCorrec'onOvermethyla'on
• Respondtofolatesupplements
• DonotrespondwelltomethyldonorslikeSam-e
Undermethyla'on• Respondwelltomethyl
donorslikeSam-e• Respondpoorlytofolicacid
orfolatesupplements• Sam-eisanaturalreuptake
inhibitorforserotonin,dopamineandnorepinephrine
PrenatalNutri'on• Epigene'cssuggestthat
parentswhowanthealthychildrenshould“cleanuptheiract”beforeconcep'on
• Italsodemonstratestheimportanceofgoodprenatalnutri'on
• Folateorfolicacid,forinstance,hasbeenshowntoreducebirthdefects
• Pregnantwomenshouldeathealthyandtakesupplementstoensureadequatenutri'on
PrenatalNutri'onQuotes• 1980’sDr.LarsOlovBygrenprovedinStockholmthat:“condi'onsinthewombcanaffectyourhealth,notonlywhenyouwereafetus,butwellintoadulthood”
• 1986LancetJournalshowed“ifapregnantwomanatepoorly,herchildisathigherriskforCVdiseaseasanadult”
SmokingMayAffectEpigene'cs• Astudyof166fatherswho
smokedbeforeage11,showedthatsmokingmaycauseepigene'cchanges.
• Theirsonshadhigherratesofobesityandheartdiseaseandshorterlifespans
• Thissuggeststhatharmfulepigene'cchangesfromsmokingmaybepassedontooffspring– EuropeanJournalofHuman
Gene'cs2006
The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
6 Copyright 2015 by Steven Horne and The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
Gene'callyModifiedSoy• MicefedGMOsoyhadchangesintes'clessugges'ngpossible
problemsinspermcells• EmbryosofmicefedGMOsoyhadchangesinDNAexpression,
comparedtothosewhoseparentswerefednaturalsoy• 56%ofratswhosemotherswerefedGMsoydiedwithin3weeks
comparedto9%ofthosewhosemothersatenon-GMOsoy• Aferthestudywascompleted,theratfoodusedbythat
laboratorybeganincorpora'ngGMOsoy.Within2monthsinfantmortalityskyrocketedtoabove50%
• ThisisthesameGMsoythat’splantedin89%ofthesoyfieldsintheU.S.
– JeffreySmith-leadingspokespersononthehealthdangersofgene'callymodifiedorganisms(GMOs)2003SeedsofDecep+on.
GMOsandHumans• Theonlyhumanfeedingstudyeverpublishedshowed
thatgenesinsertedintosoybeanstomakethemherbicidetoleranttransferredintotheDNAofhumangutbacteriaandbecameastablepartoftheirDNA.
• Thismeansthatlongaferyoustopea'ngaGMOfood,yourowngutbacteriamaybeproducingtheseforeignproteins,includingthepossibilityofproducingtheBttoxin–apes'cide.
• Thismeansthatea'ngaGMOcornchipcouldtheore'callyturnyourintes'nalfloraintolivingpes'cidefactories,possiblyforthelong-term.
• Ingeneral,theFDAallowedtheproductsanywaywithoutadequatetes'ngbecauseitwasdeclaredthatitwas“generallyrecognizedassafe.”
AvonLongitudinalStudyofParentsandChildren(ALSPAC)
• Babylo'onscontainingpeanutoilmaybepartlyresponsiblefortheriseinpeanutallergies
• Highmaternalanxietyduringpregnancyisassociatedwiththechild'slaterdevelopmentofasthma
• LiOlekidswhoarekepttoocleanareathigherriskforeczema
ThoughtsandFeelings• Aresearcherepigene'cs,Konstan'nEriksen,recentlystated:
• “Contrarytowhatmanypeoplearebeingledtobelieve…wearefreetomakedecisionsthatimpactourlivesandthoseofothers.Ourbeliefscanchangeourbiology.Wehavethepowertohealourselves,increaseourfeelingsofself-worth,andimproveouremo'onalstate.”– (hOp://wakeup-world.com/2012/03/26/the-science-
of-epigene'cs-how-our-minds-can-reprogram-our-genes)
LoveYourGenes• Goodnutri'on
– Vitamins,especiallyB-complex– An'oxidants– Probio'cstocreatehealthygutflora
– Adaptagens• Avoidtoxins(drugs,smoking,
alcoholandchemicals)• Exercisethebodyandmind• Learntocopewithstress• Cul'vateposi'veaatudes
andletgoofpastemo'onaltrauma
Cons'tu'on• Alltradi'onalsystemsofmedicineincorporatetheideaofcons'tu'onaltypes
• Acons'tu'onaltypemayinclude:– Basicbodystructure– Tendenciestophysicalstrengthsandweaknesses– Basicpersonalitytendencies
• Tradi'onalcons'tu'onaltypesareofenlinkedtobasicenerge'cmodels– 4elements(air,water,fire,earth)– 5elements(wood,fire,earth,metal,water)
The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
7 Copyright 2015 by Steven Horne and The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
IsIridologyanEpigene'cWindow? Cons'tu'onalIridology• Iridologysuggeststhatcertainirisstructuresareindica'ons
forboth:– Physicalstrengthsandweaknesses(tendenciestocertainhealth
problems)– Basicpersonalitytendencies(bothstrengthsandweaknesses)
• Whetherthephysicalhealthissuesassociatedwiththeseirisstructuresmanifestappearstobelargelydependentondietandlifestylechoices
• Thepersonalitytendenciestendtomanifestaseitherposi'veornega'vepersonalitytraitsdependingagainonaperson’schoices
• IrispaOernsmaybecomemoreorlessdominantinsucceedinggenera'onsdependingagainonchoices
Example:HeartSign KidneyZone
WhatMyEyesSayAboutMeCons'tu'onandEnvironment
InteracttoCreateourStateofHealth
The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
8 Copyright 2015 by Steven Horne and The School of Modern Herbal Medicine
Ques'onstoPonder• Whataboutthe98%ofourgene'cmaterialthatisn’tcodingforproteins?
• Undertherightcondi'onscouldsomeofthisbetriggeredintoac'vity?
• Howmuchcontroldoesthoughtorconsciousnesshaveovergene'cs?
DoWePossessGene'cMemory?
Canweinfluenceplantgene'cs?Brassicaoleraceavarie'es There’saLotWeDon’tKnow
UpcomingClasses• PersonalityTypingandRela+onships:$97,$77formembers,
priceincreasesto$197aferJan11,(startsThursday,January11)
• Nature’sPharmacy:$247,$197formembers,$47refreshercoursefrompreviousNature’sPharmacyclass,(startsJanuary7)
• Visitwww.modernherbalmedicine.comorcall800-416-2887forinforma'onandregistra'on.
AnyQues'ons?