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1 GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT 10.06.02
GPRSGeneral Packet Radio Services
(Placeholder for a cover picture; this picture should alwayscover the whole slide width as shown here)
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
2
Your Lecturer is:
Reiner StuhlfauthRohde&Schwarz
Training Center, Munich
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
3
Structure of presentation
�GPRS - Historic overview
�GPRS - Features
�GPRS - Services
� GPRS - Mobile Station
�GPRS - Network architecture
Outline of Presentation
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
4
GPRS-Introduction
GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
R
Phase 1Speech +
Data
GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
R
Phase 1Speech +
Data
Phase 2ISDN-
Features
GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
R
Phase 1Speech +
Data
Phase 2ISDN-
Features
Phase 2+•New Services,
•High Data Rates•Closed User Groups
UM
TS
Year1991 1995 1997
Downward Compatibility
Complexity
GSM Evolutionary Concept
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
5
GPRS-Introduction
GSM
Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 2+
SpeechData
Services GPRS
CircuitSwitched
PacketSwitched
GSM: Evolutionary Concept
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
6
GPRS-Introduction
GSM Phase 2+ - Features
Enhanced Full Rate, EFR-Speechcoded
Advanced Speech Call Items, ASCI
Customized Applications for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic, CAMEL
Expanded frequency bands:GSM 450, GSM 480 and GSM 850
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
7
GPRS-Introduction
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Traf
fic [%
]
1996 2001 2005 2007Year
SpeechData
Source: UMTS Forum
Coherence Speech <-> Data
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
8
EDGEEnhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolutionmodified modulation technique: 8PSKECSD: up to 345,6 kbpsEGPRS: up to 473,6 kbps
2,5G Standards: comparison of data ratesSpeed
GSMGlobal System for Mobile Communicationcircuit switchedone physical channeldata rate between 0,3 - 14,4kbps
HSCSDHigh Speed Circuit Switched Datacircuit switchedtheoretically up to 8 physical channels combined (realistically up to 4)data rate maximum of 8*14,4kbps = 115,2kbps
GPRSGeneral Packet Radio Servicespacket switchedup to 8 physical channels combined + modified channel codingdata rate maximum of 171,2kbps
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
9
EGPRSclassic
EDGEpacket switched
circuitswitched
HSCSD
GPRSpacketswitched
EDGEcircuit
switched
ECSD EGPRSGSMcircuit switched
GPRS = Extension of GSM
ECSD = Enhanced Circuit Switched Data = Extension of GSM/HSCSD
EGPRS = Enhanced GPRS = Extension of GPRS
2.5G Technology Overview
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
10
Technology Mode of DataTransfer
Modulation Bundling ofTimeslots
GSM Circuit Switched GMSK 1 Timeslot
HSCSD Circuit Switched GMSK Up to 8
GPRS Packet Switched GMSK Up to 8
ECSD Circuit Switched GMSK + 8PSK Up to 8
EGPRS Packet Switched GMSK + 8PSK Up to 8
2.5G Technologies:Characteristics
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
11
GSM / TDMA evolution toward 2,5G
circuit switched
HSCSD
GPRSpacket switched
EDGEcircuit switched
ECSDGSM
circuit switched
TDMAcircuit switched
EGPRS
EDGEpacket switched
Reality today
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
12
The way to 3GInternational Evolution of Standards
Source: Funkschau
GSMTDMA/FDMA
9,6 (14,4) kbit/s
IS-136 (D-AMPS)TDMA
19,2 kbit/s
IS-95 (cdmaOne)CDMA
8,0 (13,0) kbit/s
PDCTDMA/FDMA
9,6 kbit/s
HSCSD GPRS EDGE IS-136+ IS-136 HS IS-95 B
UMTSW-CDMA/TD-CDMA
144; 384 kbit/s2 Mbit/s
cdma 2000CDMA
n * 64 kbit/s2 Mbit/s
IMT-2000
UWC-136TDMA
144; 384 kbit/s2 Mbit/s
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
13
GPRS-Features
GPRS - Features:
•Direct connection to packet data networks
•Co-existence with existing circuit switched networks
•Circuit switched data transmission
•Packet switched data transmission
•Higher data rate due to channel bundling
•Higher data rate due to channel coding
•Dynamic allocation of transmission resource
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
14
GPRS-Features
GPRS - Features:
•Direct connection to packet data networks•Co-existence with existing circuit switched networks
•Circuit switched data transmission
•Packet switched data transmission
•Higher data rate due to channel bundling
•Higher data rate due to channel coding
•Dynamic allocation of transmission resource
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
15
BSCServing
GSNGateway
GSN
PDNMS connects directly to the internet viaGPRS-network (Access point name, APN defines external network)
MS is available out of external network due to its ownIP-address. This address may be static or dynamic
BSC = Base Station Controller PDN = Packet Data NetworkGSN = GPRS Support Node IP = Internet Protocol
GPRS-FeaturesDirect connection to the internet
MS Internet
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
16
GPRS- Features
GPRS - Features:
•Direct connection to packet data networks
•Co-existence with existing circuit switched networks
•Circuit switched data transmission
•Packet switched data transmission
•Higher data rate due to channel bundling
•Higher data rate due to channel coding
•Dynamic allocation of transmission resource
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
17
BSC
Serving GPRSSupport Node
Mobile SwitchingCenter, MSC
PCU
Packet Control Unit is working as a switch betweencircuit switched and packet switched channels
GPRS- FeaturesCo-existence with circuit switched networksGSM
GPRS
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
18
GPRS- Features
GPRS - Features:
•Direct connection to packet data networks
•Co-existence with existing circuit switched networks
•Circuit switched data transmission•Packet switched data transmission•Higher data rate due to channel bundling
•Higher data rate due to channel coding
•Dynamic allocation of transmission resource
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
19
GPRS- Features
Circuit switched network
Packet switched network
Difference between circuit and packet switched
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
20
GPRS- Features
GPRS - Features:
•Direct connection to packet data networks
•Co-existence with existing circuit switched networks
•Circuit switched data transmission
•Packet switched data transmission
•Higher data rate due to channel bundling•Higher data rate due to channel coding
•Dynamic allocation of transmission resource
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
21
GPRS- Features
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
power
time
TDMA-frame
GSM Circuit Switched Channel
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
power
time
TDMA-frame
GPRS Packet Switched Channel
Allocation of 1 Timeslot within 1 Frame
Bundling of Timeslots within 1 Frame
Multislot example:3 physical channels
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
22
GPRS- Features
GPRS - Features:
•Direct connection to packet data networks
•Co-existence with existing circuit switched networks
•Circuit switched data transmission
•Packet switched data transmission
•Higher data rate due to channel bundling
•Higher data rate due to channel coding•Dynamic allocation of transmission resource
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
23
GPRS-Features
Transmitter ReceiverChannel
source codingchannel codingmodulationRF...
demodulationdetection
estimationdecoding
...
delayattenuation
multipath propagationfading
interference...
Modify channel coding to enhancedata transmission rate
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
24
GPRS- Features
GSM-data rate
Information: Error protection: Total: Traffic channel : 22.8 kbit/s - Voice (full-rate): 13.0 kbit/s 9.8 kbit/s - Data: 2.4 kbit/s 20,4 kbit/s
4.8 kbit/s 18.0 kbit/s9.6 kbit/s 13.2 kbit/s
Control channels : 0.95 kbit/s Idle frame: 0.95 kbit/s Total: 24.7 kbit/s
GPRS-data rate
9,05 kbit/s
21,4 kbit/s
Flexiblerelatingbetween
error protection&data
Coding scheme 1
Coding scheme 4
Fix relating
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
25
GPRS- FeaturesCoding Scheme 1
Coding Scheme 4
Data FEC
Data FEC
Receiver
Transmitter ReceiverChannel
Coding Scheme 2
Coding Scheme 3
FEC = Forward Error Correction
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
26
GPRS- Features
Signal tonoise ratio
CS-4
Data transmission ratehigh
low
Data transmission rate decreases due to retransmissionof erroneous data units
goodquality
badquality
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
27
GPRS- Features
Signal tonoise ratio
Data transmission rate
CS-4
high
low
CS-3
CS-2
CS-1
Signal to noise ratioon the air interfacedetermines the„best“ coding scheme
goodquality
badquality
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
28
GPRS- Features
GPRS - Features:
•Direct connection to packet data networks
•Co-existence with existing circuit switched networks
•Circuit switched data transmission
•Packet switched data transmission
•Higher data rate due to channel bundling
•Higher data rate due to channel coding
•Dynamic allocation of transmission resource
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
29
GPRS- Features
Traffic, Urban Cell
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
0:00
2:00
4:00
6:00
8:00
10:0
012
:00
14:0
0
16:0
018
:00
20:0
022
:00
0:00
Time
Min
utes
Capacity of cell
Blocked calls, congestion
Free capacities
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
30
GPRS-Services
Point-to-Point Connection
Point-to-Multipoint Connection in future release
•Retrieval Services
•Messaging Services
•Conversational Services
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
31
GPRS-Services
Gi -Interface
Air-Interface
GPRS-Network
Mobile Station
TE
TEPDN
PDN = external Packet Data NetworkGi = Interface between GGSN and PDNTE = Terminal Equipment
GPRS: Simplified Model of Transmission
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
32
-reliability,
-delay,
-user data throughput,
-service precedence (priority),
-scheduled repeated transmission
GPRS-Services
Quality of Service Profile(as specified in GSM Spec. 02.60)
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
33
Reliabilityclass
Lost SDUprobability
(a)
DuplicateSDU
probability
Out ofSequence
SDUprobability
Corrupt SDUprobability
(b)
Example of applicationcharacteristics.
1 10-9 10-9 10-9 10-9 Error sensitive, no error correctioncapability, limited error tolerance
capability.
2 10-4 10-5 10-5 10-6 Error sensitive, limited error correctioncapability, good error tolerance
capability.
3 10-2 10-5 10-5 10-2 Not error sensitive, error correctioncapability and/or very good error
tolerance capability.
GPRS-Services: Reliability
Reliability
SDU = Service Data Unit
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
34
GPRS-Services: Throughput
Peak Throughput Class Peak Throughput in octets per second1 Up to 1 000 (8 kbit/s).2 Up to 2 000 (16 kbit/s).3 Up to 4 000 (32 kbit/s).4 Up to 8 000 (64 kbit/s).5 Up to 16 000 (128 kbit/s).6 Up to 32 000 (256 kbit/s).7 Up to 64 000 (512 kbit/s).8 Up to 128 000 (1 024 kbit/s).9 Up to 256 000 (2 048 kbit/s).
Mean Throughput Class Mean Throughput in octets per hour1 100 (~0.22 bit/s).2 200 (~0.44 bit/s).3 500 (~1.11 bit/s).4 1 000 (~2.2 bit/s).5 2 000 (~4.4 bit/s).6 5 000 (~11.1 bit/s).7 10 000 (~22 bit/s).8 20 000 (~44 bit/s).9 50 000 (~111 bit/s).
10 100 000 (~0.22 kbit/s).11 200 000 (~0.44 kbit/s).12 500 000 (~1.11 kbit/s).13 1 000 000 (~2.2 kbit/s).14 2 000 000 (~4.4 kbit/s).15 5 000 000 (~11.1 kbit/s).16 10 000 000 (~22 kbit/s).17 20 000 000 (~44 kbit/s).18 50 000 000 (~111 kbit/s).31 Best effort.
Mean throughput
Peak throughput
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
35
GPRS-Services: Delay
Delay (maximum values)SDU size: 128 octets SDU size: 1024 octets
Delay ClassMeanTransferDelay (sec)
95 percentileDelay (sec)
MeanTransferDelay (sec)
95 percentileDelay (sec)
1. (Predictive) < 0.5 < 1.5 < 2 < 7
2. (Predictive) < 5 < 25 < 15 < 75
3. (Predictive) < 50 < 250 < 75 < 375
4. (Best Effort) Unspecified
Delay class
SDU = Service Data Unit
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
36
GPRS-Services: Service precedence
Service precedence
high precedence
normal precedence
low precedence
Packet switched network
Store and forward
Defines the order of forwardingor the order of deleting in caseof congestion
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
37
GPRS-Services
•Security aspects
•Subscriber addressing
•Inter-Network-Operation, Interface to external networks
•International Roaming
– MS Authentification
– Access Control
– Protects subscriber identity
– Ciphering
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
38
GPRS-Mobile StationMultislot class Maximum number of slots
Rx Tx Sum1 1 1 22 2 1 33 2 2 34 3 1 45 2 2 46 3 2 47 3 3 48 4 1 59 3 2 510 4 2 511 4 3 512 4 4 513 3 3 614 4 4 815 5 5 1016 6 6 1217 7 7 1418 8 8 1619 6 2 820 6 3 921 6 4 1022 6 4 1023 6 6 1224 8 2 1025 8 3 1126 8 4 1227 8 4 1228 8 6 1429 8 8 16
GPRS-Multislot classes
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
39
GPRS-Mobile Station
classB
classA
classC
MS classes
GSM andGPRS
simultaneously
GSM andGPRS
simultaneously
GSM andGPRS
notsimultaneously
GSM andGPRS
notsimultaneously
Pure GPRS ,either GSM
or GPRSrespectively
Pure GPRS ,either GSM
or GPRSrespectively
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
40
GPRS-Architecture
CCUBSC PCU
VLR VLR
HLR
GPRSInfo
GMSCMSC
SGSN GGSN
PSTN
ISDN
PDN
CCU
CCU
CCU
circuit-switched
packet-switchedBTS
MS BSS NSS external
GPRS: New components in network architecture:
BTS =Base Transceiver Station MSC=Mobile Switching Center BSS=Base Station SubsystemBSC=Base Station Controller HLR=Home Location Register MS=Mobile StationVLR = Visitor Location Register NSS=Network Switching Subsystem
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
41
GPRS-Architecture
CCUBSC PCU
VLR VLR
HLR
GPRSInfo
GMSCMSC
SGSN GGSN
PSTN
ISDN
PDN
CCU
CCU
CCU
circuit-switched
packet-switchedBTS
MS BSS NSS external
CCU: Channel Coding Unit
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
42
GPRS-Architecture
CCUBSC PCU
VLR VLR
HLR
GPRSInfo
GMSCMSC
SGSN GGSN
PSTN
ISDN
PDN
CCU
CCU
CCU
circuit-switched
packet-switchedBTS
MS BSS NSS external
PCU: Packet Control Unit
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
43
GPRS-Architecture
CCUBSC PCU
VLR VLR
HLR
GPRSInfo
GMSCMSC
SGSN GGSN
PSTN
ISDN
PDN
CCU
CCU
CCU
circuit-switched
packet-switchedBTS
MS BSS NSS external
SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
44
GPRS-Architecture
CCUBSC PCU
VLR VLR
HLR
GPRSInfo
GMSCMSC
SGSN GGSN
PSTN
ISDN
PDN
CCU
CCU
CCU
circuit-switched
packet-switchedBTS
MS BSS NSS external
GGSN: Gateway GPRS Support Node
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
45
GPRS-Architecture
MS BTS BSC SGSN
SGSN
GGSN
MSCVLR
SMS-GMSCSMS-IWMSC
HLR
PDN
EIR
other PLMN
GGSN
GbAbisUm
A
GnGp
Gf
Gn Gi
GcGrGsGd
D
CE
SignallingSignalling +Data
GPRS-Interfaces:
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
46
Relay
NetworkService
GTP
Application
IP
SNDCP
LLC
RLC
MAC
GSM RF
SNDCP
LLC
BSSGP
L1bis
RLC
MAC
GSM RF
BSSGP
L1bis
Relay
L2
L1
IP
L2
L1
IP
GTP
IP
Um Gb GnMS BSS SGSN GGSN
NetworkService
UDP /TCP
UDP /TCP
GPRS-ArchitectureGPRS Transmission Plane
GPRS forms a bearer service for IP-based dataPDN
GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesBasic introduction
1MAT | 10.06.02 |
2.5GHistoricOverview
GPRS features
GPRS services
GPRS MobileStation
GPRS networkarchitecture
47
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