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Significance of Mutations Most are neutral (no effect) Eye color Birth marks Some are harmful Sickle Cell Anemia Scoliosis Some are beneficial Myostatin Deficiency Immunity to HIV
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GENETIC MUTATIONS
DNA and Mutations
Mutations are any changes that take place in DNA:
•Can change the genetic code, and be replicated when forming new body cells.
• Can be spontaneous or caused by other forces• ex: Chemicals, high temperatures, UV light, radiation
•Mutations can be inherited Parent to child
Significance of Mutations
• Most are neutral (no effect)• Eye color• Birth marks
• Some are harmful• Sickle Cell Anemia• Scoliosis
• Some are beneficial• Myostatin Deficiency• Immunity to HIV
Examples of Genetic Disorders
Down Syndrome- extra chromosome Hemophilia- blood doesn’t clot normally Cystic Fibrosis- severe mucus build up Color Blindness- inability to see certain colors Albinism- no color pigment in skin, hair, and eyes Muscular Dystrophy- deterioration of muscle tissue Scoliosis- curving of the spine Multiple Sclerosis- nerve condition that affects the brain
and spinal chord
Examples of Genetic Mutations