Genetics / DNA Review Game Questions.docx

7/29/2019 Genetics / DNA Review Game Questions.docx

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DNA and Genetics Review Game Questions

1 Point

What do we call an organisms physical appearance? ( phenotype)

2. Which kind of trait will be covered up if the dominant allele is present?

(recessive)

3. What symbol do we use to represent a recessive allele? ( lower case)

4. What are the sex chromosomes of a female? (XX)

5. What term describes the change in the DNA of an organism? ( mutation)

6. Which term describes different forms of a gene? ( allele)

7. An organism that has a dominant and a recessive allele is called what?(heterozygous)

8. What is the complementary strand to the DNA sequence GAG? (CTC)

9. What makes up a nucleotide? ( base, sugar and phosphate)

10. What process is it where DNA makes a copy of itself? ( replication)

11. Why do we have two alleles for a gene/trait? ( one from each parent)

12. An organisms genotype is two lowercase ts. What is another name forthis genotype? (homozygous recessive)

13. In a Punnett square, what do the letters INSIDE of the boxes represent?(the offspring)

14. This type of reproduction makes two exact copies of the original cell.(mitosis)

15. How many sex chromosomes do humans have? (46)

16. Genetics is the study of what? (Heredity)

17. Tall is dominant over short. What would be the phenotype of anindividual who is heterozygous? (Tall)

18. Which type of chromosomes determines our gender? ( sexchromosomes)

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2 Points

3 Points

19. Which term describes a person who does not show a trait but can pass iton to the next generation? ( carrier- heterozygous)

20. What would be the genotype of a person who has a recessive disorderthat is NOT X-linked? (homozygous recessive)

21. Why are males more likely to get an X-linked recessive disorder? (They

only have one x chromosome)

22. If an organism always produces offspring with the same traits as theparent, what term could we use to describe it? (purebred)

23. What causes a genetic disorder to occur initially? (mutation)

24. You cross a homozygous dominant plant with a heterozygous plant.What percentage of the offspring will be heterozygous? (2/4)

25. How many chromosomes are in a human sperm cell? (23)

26. How many bases to one amino acid? Give an example. ( 3 bases- ATC)

27. Name the process that produces sex cells. (meiosis)

28. Name the process that produces body cells. (mitosis)

29. How do we describe the genotype of a plant that is a purebred?(homozygous)

30. What did Mendel cross in his first experiment? What was the result?(purebred dominant with purebred recessive)

31. Give the genotype of a male with colorblindness. Use whatever letteryou want for the allele. (X

aY)

32. You cross two plants that are heterozygous for height. What percentageof the offspring will be tall? (3/4)

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33. Mom is red/green colorblind. What percentage of her sons will bered/green colorblind as well? (100%)

34. A red/green colorblind man marries a female carrier. What percentage oftheir daughters will be colorblind as well. (1/2- 50%)

35. Give three differences between mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis- offspringis identical, same number of chromosomes, divides once, 2 resultingdaughter cells, make body cellsMeiosis- offspring are unique, the number of chromosomes, divides2 times, 4 resulting cells, make sex cells


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36. Give two similarities between mitosis and meiosis. Both make morecells/ reproduce, both copy DNA before dividing)

37. Name two X-linked disorders: (hemophilia, red/ green colorblindness)

38. List three genetic disorders: ( cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, etc.)

39. What is the difference between sex cells and sex chromosomes? ( sexcells like sperm and eggs have 23 chromosomes. Sex chromosomesare the 2 chromosomes out of 46 that determine gender- XX and XY)

40. State what each scientist did:

Rosalind Franklin- Viewed DNA using x ray defraction. She wasable to see the shape of the spiral first.

Erwin Chargaff- determined that the amount of cytosine is equal tothe amount of guanine, also the amount of adenine is equal to theamount of thymine.

Francis Crick- worked with Watson to build the shape of DNA-spiral staircase. Received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962.

James Watson- worked with Crick to build the shape of DNA- spiralstaircase. Received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962.

41. Give two genotypes that would have the same phenotype.Ex: GG and Gg


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Group # __ Names: __________________________________

Genetics Review Game Questions

1 Point

1. What do we call an organisms physical appearance?

2. Which kind of trait will be covered up if the dominant allele is present?

3. What symbol do we use to represent a recessive allele?

4. What are the sex chromosomes of a female?

5. What term describes the change in the DNA of an organism?

6. Which term describes different forms of a gene?

7. An organism that has a dominant and a recessive allele is called what?

8. What is the complementary strand to the DNA sequence GAG?

9. What makes up a nucleotide?

10. What process is it where DNA makes a copy of itself?

11. Why do we have two alleles for a gene/trait?


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1 point

12. An organisms genotype is two lowercase ts. What is another name for thisgenotype?

13. In a Punnett square, what do the letters INSIDE of the boxes represent?

14. This type of reproduction makes two exact copies of the original cell.

15. How many sex chromosomes do humans have?

16. Genetics is the study of what?

2 Points

17. Tall is dominant over short. What would be the phenotype of an individual

who is heterozygous?

18. Which type of chromosomes determines our gender?

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19. Which term describes a person who does not show a trait but can pass it on tothe next generation?

20. What would be the genotype of a person who has a recessive disorder that isNOT X-linked?


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2 points

21. Why are males more likely to get an X-linked recessive disorder?

22. If an organism always produces offspring with the same traits as the parent,what term could we use to describe it?

23. What causes a genetic disorder to occur initially?

24. You cross a homozygous dominant plant with a heterozygous plant. Whatpercentage of the offspring will be heterozygous?

25. How many chromosomes are in a human sperm cell?

26. How many bases to one amino acid? Give an example.

27. Name the process that produces sex cells.

28. Name the process that produces body cells.

29. How do we describe the genotype of a plant that is a purebred?

30. What did Mendel cross in his first experiment? What was the result?


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31. Give the genotype of a male with colorblindness. Use whatever letter you

want for the allele.

32. You cross two plants that are heterozygous for height. What percentage ofthe offspring will be tall?

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------33. Mom is red/green colorblind. What percentage of her sons will be red/green

colorblind as well?

34. A red/green colorblind man marries a female carrier. What percentage of their

daughters will be colorblind as well?

3 Points

35. Give three differences between mitosis and meiosis.

36. Give two similarities between mitosis and meiosis.

37. Name two X-linked disorders:

38. List three genetic disorders:

39. What is the difference between sex cells and sex chromosomes?


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3 Points 40. State what each scientist did:

Rosalind Franklin

Erwin Chargaff

Francis Crick

James Watson

41. Give two genotypes that would have the same phenotype.

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Genetics / DNA Review Game Questions.docx