GENETICS VOCABULARYQUIZ 2

Allele

Dominant Allele

Recessive Allele

Phenotype

Genotype

Heterozygous/Hybrid

Homozygous/Purbred

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Allele

Allele - one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.

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Dominant Allele

• DOMINANT ALLELE -an allele that produces the same phenotype whether its paired allele is identical or different

•A dominant allele is expressed even if it is paired with a recessive allele.

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Recessive ALLELE• RECESSIVE ALLELE- an allele that produces its characteristic phenotype only when its paired allele is identical

•A recessive allele is only visible when paired with another recessive allele.

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PHENOTYPE

• PHENOTYPE The set of observable characteristics of an individual – the physical characteristics.

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GENOTYPE

• GENOTYPE - the makeup of your specific genes as passed on from your ancestors.

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Heterozygous/Hybrid

• Heterozygous/Hybrid – a pair of alleles where one is dominant and one is recessive — they're different.

Which genotypes for fur color are Heterozygous?

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Homozygous/Purebred

• Homozygous/Purebred- a pair of matching alleles – two identical alleles of a .

Which alleles for fur color are Homozygous?

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Warm UP1. Draw and complete the Punnett

Square.

2. What are the parent genotypes?

3. Using the completed Punnett square,

what are the possible genotypes of

the offspring?

4. Using the completed Punnett square,

what are the possible phenotypes of

the offspring?

R r

r

r

R = Right Handedr = Left handed

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Warm UP

5. Using the completed Punnett square write the names of the allele combinations found in each square(Word Bank: Homozygous Dominant, Homozygous Recessive, Heterozygous) 1._____________2._____________3._____________4._____________

A a

1. 2.

a

a 3. 4.

GENETICS VOCABULARYQUIZ 3

Probability

Inheritance

Punnette Square

Sex Chromosomes

Pedigree

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Probability

• Probability How likely something is to happen. If there is a 50/50 chance, then the probability is 50%.

Probability

25%

75%

50%

100%

Inheritance –

Attributes (or

traits) acquired

by biological

heredity from the

parents.

PUNNETT SQUARE

• A square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment.

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Sex Chromosomes

• Sex Chromosomes A chromosome involved in determining the sex of an organism, typically one of two kinds.

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Pedigree

• Pedigree A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait across several generations of a family.