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GENITIVE PHRASE. 1. Possesor Phrase Possessee Noun ( Genitive Noun phrase ) ( Head Noun ) Possessee Noun Possesor Phrase ( Head Noun ) ( Genitive Noun phrase ). Evenki ( Altaic ( Tungusic ): Russia ). kungaka -r evike -r- tyn - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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1. Possesor Phrase Possessee Noun (Genitive Noun phrase) (Head Noun)
2. Possessee Noun Possesor Phrase (Head Noun) (Genitive
Noun phrase)
GENITIVE PHRASE
kungaka-r evike-r-tyn child-PL toy-PL-3PL.POSS
Gen N
‘(the) children’s toys’
(Nedjalkov 1997: 82)
EVENKİ (ALTAİC (TUNGUSİC): RUSSİA)
mimi-na bolo
bladder-CONST pig N Gen
‘(the) pig’s bladder’
(Crowley 2002: 530)
GELA (AUSTRONESİAN (OCEANİC): SOLOMON ISLANDS)
John’s bike Gen N
the roof of the houseN Gen
ENGLİSH
Türkçede sondan eklemeli bir dil olduğu için sahiplik durumunu belirtirken iyelik eklerini kullanır ve bu ekler isimden sonra gelir.
Tekil Kişiler: Ben (-ım, -im, -um,-üm) Kitab-ım Sen (-ın, -in, -un, -ün) Kitab-ın O (-ı, -i, -u, -ü, -sı, -si, -su, -sü) Kitab-ı
Çoğul Kişiler: Biz (-ımız, -imiz, -umuz, -ümüz) Kitab-ımız Siz (-ınız, -iniz, -unuz, -ünüz) Kitab-ınız Onlar (-ları, -leri) Kitap-ları
İYELİK EKLERİ
kapı-nın kol-uNoun-GEN Noun-3rd Sg. Poss.(Possesor Phrase) (Possessee
Noun)
Sınıf-ın kapı-sıNoun-GEN Noun-3rd Sg. Poss. (Possesor Phrase) (Possessee
Noun)
GENİTİVE PHRASES İN TURKİSH
Order of Genitive Phrase Constituents in 1248 Languages
685 (54.9 %) GenN
467 (37.4 %) Ngen
96 (7.7 %) don’t have any dominant word order
DRYER’ S DATABASE
Order of Genitive Phrase Constituents in 76 Languages
35 (46.1 %) NGen
33 (43.4 %) GenN
8 (10.5 %) don’t have any dominant word order
İN APİCS
1. Adjective Noun
2. Noun Adjective
NOUN PHRASES(CONTAİNİNG AN ADJECTİVE
MODİFYİNG THE NOUN)
atek a bahai
mountain LK big
N Adj
‘big mountain’
(Adelaar & Muysken 2004: 562)
GÜNÜNA KÜNE (CHON (PUELCHE): ARGENTİNA)
dami kitap
costly book
Adj N
‘costly books’
(Goswami & Tamuli 2007:475)
ASSAMESE (INDO-EUROPEAN (INDİC): INDİA)
a red flower
Adj. N
an old man Adj. N
ENGLİSH
fakir genç Adj. N
beyaz kelebek Adj. N
TÜRKÇE
Noun-Adjective Word Order in 1366 Languages
878 (64.3%) NAdj.
373 (27.3%) AdjN
5 (0.4%) don’t have any dominant word order
DRYER’ S DATABASE
Noun-Adjective Word Order in 76 Languages
49 (64.5 %) AdjN
20 (26.3 %) NAdj
7 (9.2 %) don’t have any dominant word order
İN APİCS
Demonstratives can be a free word or an affix. Demonsrative word can preceed or follow the nounDemostrative affix can be prefix or suffix on the noun Demostrative word or affix may preceed and follow
the noun
DEMONSTRATIVES
mʉd лâ(k)
person this.CL1
N Dem
‘this person’
(Beavon 1986: 174)
KONZİME (NİGER-CONGO (BANTOİD): CAMEROON)
a’aw wemittokōsi
that Frenchman
Dem N
‘that Frenchman’
(Schwartz & Dunnigan 1986: 300)
MİNNESOTA OJİBWE (ALGİC (ALGONQUİAN): USA)
heʔ-l-ʔaškaʔ
this-art-coyote
Dem-N
‘this coyote’
(Wash 2001: 58)
BARBAREÑO CHUMASH (CHUMASH (CHUMASH): USA)
(220) mòл-è
man.cs1-dem1
N-Dem
‘this man’(Andersen
2002: 14)
AGAR DİNKA (NİLO-SAHARAN (NİLOTİC): SUDAN)
io trano io
this house this
Dem N Dem ‘this house’
(Keenan & Pol insky 1998: 567)
MALAGASY (AUSTRONESİAN (BARİTO): MADAGASCAR)
this/ that book Dem N
these/ those books Dem N
ENGLİSH
bu/şu/o kitap Dem N
TÜRKÇE
Demonstratives-Noun Order in 1223 Languages
560 (45.8 %) NDem
542 (44.3 %) DemN
28 (2.3 %) with demonstrative suffix
9 (0.7 %) with demonstrative prefix
17 (1.4 %) word or affix both preceed and follow
67 (5.5 %) no order or strategy is dominant
DRYER’ S DATABASE
1. Number Noun
2. Noun Number
3. Verb Number
THE NUMERAL
négy toll
four pen
Num N
‘four pens’
(Kenesei et al . 1998: 96)
HUNGARİAN (URALİC (UGRİC): HUNGARY)
mwoe tili
house five
N Num
‘five houses’
(Tryon 2002: 576)
BUMA (AUSTRONESİAN (OCEANİC): SOLOMON ISLANDS)
maʔwłt ip ʔły matet cagárokōm=nem
man fish catch.IND yesterday two=ADVZ
‘the man caught two fish yesterday.’
(Dryer 2011n cit ing Gabas, Jr 1999: 172)
ARÁRA KARÓ (TUPİAN (RAMARAMA): BRAZİL)
a. na dva mal’čika PRQ two boy.SG.GEN ‘two boys’
b. mal’čika na dva boy.SG.GEN PRQ two ‘about two boys’
(Bill ings 1995: 31, 33)
RUSSİAN (INDO-EUROPEAN (SLAVİC): RUSSİA)
five books
Num N
ENGLİSH
beş öğrenci
Num N
TÜRKÇE
Numeral-Noun Word Order in 1154 Languages
608 (52.7 %) NNum
479 (41.5 %) NumN
65 (5.6 %) don’t have dominant word order
DRYER’ S DATABASE